护心食物

夏天养心安神之品有茯苓,麦冬,小枣,莲子,百合,竹叶,柏子仁等,这些都能起到养心安神的作用。在饮食方面,应多吃小米,玉米,豆类,鱼类,洋葱,土豆,冬瓜,苦瓜,芹菜,芦笋,南瓜,香蕉,苹果等,少吃动物内脏,鸡蛋黄,肥肉,鱼子,虾等,少吃过成的食物,如咸鱼,咸菜等。     

人物访谈——张百忍同志个人介绍

张百忍,男,汉族,1963年生,陕西宝鸡人,研究生学历,高级农艺师,陕西省蚕桑学会理事,安康市蚕学会副理事长,全国劳动模范,国务院享受政府特殊津贴专家,陕西省“三五人才”,安康市第一届人大代表,现任石泉县蚕桑局局长、石泉天虹茧丝绸集团公司董事长兼总经理、石泉蚕种场场长。主     

花瓷瓶(外二篇)

正雪下得很大,也很稳,街道上空空的,没有几个人。绵软柔滑的积雪,蓬蓬松松地挂在枝梢上,亮白而倦怠的枝条被压低了头。偶尔有一阵风,也极微小极细弱,还没有感觉到,就消逝了。在这样的天气,不会有什么顾客来典当东西,当铺老板早早地关了店门,捅旺火炉,懒洋洋地趴在柜台上,一边翻看图片,一边哼着京戏。突然,有人敲门,声音极轻,他抬头,支起耳朵细听,什么声音也没有,他怀疑自己听错了,于是,他又低下头     

雪豹急性出血性膀胱炎的诊治

1 发病情况及临床症状 雪豹9岁,雌性,体质良好,1月26日发现兽舍内铺板上由两滩带血的尿液,浑浊呈红褐色,活动量稍有减少,精神不振,食欲尚可,鼻境湿润,排尿次数增加,排尿时有疼痛感,偶尔有后躯摇摆,做排尿动作,每次排出的尿量时多时少.     

短信地带

<正>●上联:风在刮,雨在下,我在等你回电话。下联:为你生,为你死,为你守候一辈子。横批:发错人了。●你看你,美国头,法国腰,印度鼻子,香港脚,人不人,鬼不鬼,只有一个脑袋,两     

肉驴及其人工饲养技术

毛驴是草食家畜,耐粗饲,适应性好,抗病力强,易管理,育成时间短,放牧及圈养均可,很适合农村饲养.养驴的饲料来源广泛,即使牧草不足,也可充分利用秸杆、粮食加工下脚料等作饲料.驴肉细嫩味美,素有"天上龙肉,地下驴肉"的美称,颇受消费者青睐.近年来,驴肉在我国畅销不衰,外贸出口也一直看好.1头驴售价在1 500～2 000元,若加工成驴肉罐头、酱驴肉、驴肉蒸包等食品,可增值2～3倍.     

紫苏的栽培技术

紫苏为唇形科1年生草本植物,株高30～150cm,有特殊芳香,茎直立,紫色或绿紫色,圆角四棱形,具槽,上,部多分枝,密被紫色关节状长柔毛.小坚果球形,黄灰褐色,表面有网纹,内含1粒种子.花期6-7月,果期7-9月.紫苏对气候适应性较强,喜温暖湿润的环境,对土壤要求不严,在排水良好的砂质壤土、壤土、粘壤土上均能生长,但以疏松、肥沃、排水良好的砂质壤土为佳,在稍粘性的土壤也能生长,但生长发育较差.     

养兔三字经

养兔好,投资少,成本低,耗料少,技术简,易掌握。繁殖快,产仔多,增重快,出栏早,一年内,见三代。多养兔,增肥源,氮磷钾,肥效全,省劳力,占田少,老弱妇,都能管。兔产品,用处多,供食用,能做药,可纺织,能制革,供试验,效果好。小家兔,能致富,规模养,效益高,谁会养,谁先富,奔小康,养好兔。     

活畜检疫之病猪肉眼鉴定法

1 看皮肤色泽 体质好,健康的猪,皮肤光滑而富有弹性,色泽红润,显得油光水滑,肌肉丰满;有的病猪,体况消瘦,被毛粗乱,皮屑瘙痒或皮肤表面多处出现红斑,尤其是出现大小不等的出血点,指压不褪色,表明该猪可能患有传染病.     

五色花生品种简介

一、紫黑花生(黑珍) 此品种由中国农科院油科作物所选育,经几年实验对照,紫黑花生遗传稳定,抗性适宜性强,投放市场种植,此品种引种我地表现中早熟性,半直立型,株高40～50cm,侧枝长50 cm,分蘖力强,有效分枝8～10个,叶色浓绿,连续开花,开花繁多,93%之果技能入土结果,结果率中等,双仁率72%以上,百果重185 g,出仁率70%左右,籽仁外皮紫黑色,椭圆形,生育期北方125～130 d,南方稍提前成熟,比对照9102高油双季晚收30 d,抗旱、抗病性较好,抗虫性一般.     

犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断

为探讨犬常见肿瘤的发病规律，试验收集哈尔滨地区2016-2017年宠物医院部分犬肿瘤病例71例，采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤进行病理学诊断，并对患病动物的品种、性别、年龄、发生部位和饮食情况与肿瘤发生关系进行统计分析。结果显示，71例确诊肿瘤病例中，恶性肿瘤28例，包括鳞状上皮细胞癌3例，基底细胞癌5例，乳腺癌14例，淋巴瘤2例，肾母细胞瘤、精原细胞癌、生殖细胞癌、侵袭性血管黏液瘤各1例；良性肿瘤43例，包括良性乳腺肿瘤15例，纤维瘤10例，平滑肌瘤5例，乳头状瘤和精原细胞瘤各3例，造釉细胞瘤、耵聍腺瘤、脂肪瘤、结节样增生、性索间质细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、肛周腺瘤各1例。上述病例中，乳腺和皮肤是犬肿瘤的高发部位，分别占全部患犬的40.8%和34.0%；患病犬年龄1~16岁不等，平均发病年龄为9.1岁，7岁以后是肿瘤的高发期，中老年犬仍为主要发病群体，但低龄犬发病数量上升；各品种犬均可发生肿瘤，其中杂种犬发病率最高，其次是贵宾犬和京巴犬，且主要为乳腺肿瘤；饮食习惯主要以剩饭剩菜类和肉拌饭类为主，分别占患犬总数的39%和30%；部分肿瘤类型与犬的性别、是否绝育有关，如乳腺肿瘤多发生于未绝育的老年母犬。本研究结果为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据，对犬肿瘤的预防和诊断有一定的借鉴意义。     

甘南玛曲高寒草甸草地沙化的研究

以甘南玛曲高寒草甸生态系统植物群落样地调查资料为基础,对不同沙化程度植物群落结构及物种多样性特征进行了研究分析。结果表明：随着草地沙化程度的加剧,植物群落多样性指数,均匀度指数及丰富度指数下降,优势度指数增加;禾草地上植物量减少,杂草、莎草地上植物量增加,其中,莎草增加最快。中度沙化阶段是植物群落丰富度、多样性、优势度、地上植物量和均匀度变化的一个转折点,演替早期群落多样性,均匀度及地上总植物量最高,在极度沙化阶段,地上总植物量最低,优势度指数最大。     

新疆伊犁夏牧场铁、铜、锰、锌、硒营养生态环境的研究(Ⅱ)

本试验通过研究伊犁夏牧场不同年龄、不同性别绵羊羊毛与血液中铁、铜、锰、锌、硒5种微量元素的含量及变化规律,为夏季放牧绵羊科学补饲微量元素提供依据。选择在新疆伊犁夏牧场卡拉卓恩(南坡)和唐布拉草地(北坡)1 400~2 999 m垂直带放牧的中国美利奴羊(新疆型)羊毛和血液样品,测定其铁、铜、锰、锌和硒含量,并评估其微量元素的营养生态环境。结果表明,放牧绵羊羊毛铁、铜、锰、锌和硒含量分别为520.70、3.89、30.16、102.64 mg/kg和41.18 μg/kg,其中铜和硒分别低于正常值48.3%和79.7%,而铁高于正常值603.4%;血液中铁、铜、锰、锌和硒含量分别为357.05、4.18、0.25、3.08 mg/L和45.23 μg/L,其中铜、硒分别低于正常值29.9%和73.9%,而铁高于正常值95.5%。羊毛与血液中铁、铜、锰、锌、硒含量均随年龄而增加。不同性别绵羊间血液中锌、硒含量差异明显。     

Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review

Mastitis (intramammary inflammation) caused by infectious pathogens is still considered a devastating condition of dairy animals affecting animal welfare as well as economically incurring huge losses to the dairy industry by means of decreased production performance and increased culling rates. Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands/udder of bovines, caused by bacterial pathogens, in most cases. Routine diagnosis is based on clinical and subclinical forms of the disease. This underlines the significance of early and rapid identification/detection of etiological agents at the farm level, for which several diagnostic techniques have been developed. Therapeutic regimens such as antibiotics, immunotherapy, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, stem cell therapy, native secretory factors, nutritional, dry cow and lactation therapy, genetic selection, herbs, and nanoparticle technology-based therapy have been evaluated for their efficacy in the treatment of mastitis. Even though several strategies have been developed over the years for the purpose of managing both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis, all of them lacked the efficacy to eliminate the associated etiological agent when used as a monotherapy. Further, research has to be directed towards the development of new therapeutic agents/techniques that can both replace conventional techniques and also solve the problem of emerging antibiotic resistance. The objective of the present review is to describe the etiological agents, pathogenesis, and diagnosis in brief along with an extensive discussion on the advances in the treatment and management of mastitis, which would help safeguard the health of dairy animals.     

高原鼠兔洞口区侵蚀过程高山草甸土壤的变化

在西藏那曲高山嵩草草甸,选择高原鼠兔活动区域不同高度土堆和不同深度侵蚀坑,分析表层土壤粒度和养分.结果表明,高原鼠兔掘洞形成洞口土堆,造成草甸土壤发生侵蚀,侵蚀程度随着侵蚀坑深度逐渐增加而减弱,在侵蚀坑深度达到20cm时侵蚀基本停止;在侵蚀过程中,细粒物质减少,砾石含量增加.在强烈侵蚀阶段初期,有机物分解条件改善,土堆表层土壤的有机质、全N、全P、水解N、速效K含量提高,但土壤养分物质在侵蚀作用下迅速流失,土壤有机质、全N、全P、水解N、速效P和速效K含量减少;在侵蚀减缓阶段,养分损失速度减缓,补偿作用逐渐增加;在侵蚀基本停止阶段,土壤表层有机质、全N、水解N和速效K含量明显增加.     

瘤胃厌氧真菌的作用及其分子生物学研究方法

瘤胃厌氧真菌这一特殊的菌群除在瘤胃中发挥重要作用外,其分泌的高活性纤维素酶的应用价值也备受关注,因传统培养的局限性,因此,利用分子生物技术开展的研究逐渐深入。作者主要从瘤胃厌氧真菌的特点和多样性出发,厌氧真菌对结构性碳水化合物、淀粉和蛋白质的降解及在瘤胃生态环境中的作用进行了分析,并对研究瘤胃厌氧真菌的分子生物学方法如内转录间隔区(ITS)、变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)、实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR,RT-PCR)和宏基因组学(metagenomics)等进行了阐述,以期为瘤胃厌氧真菌的研究提供参考。     

Ectoparasites: future challenges in a changing world

Ectoparasites are ubiquitous, often highly damaging and in most cases cannot be permanently eradicated; hence, they must usually be managed at a local scale with insecticides or endectocides. However, the growth in resistance, the slow rate of development of new actives, coupled with environmental and health concerns associated with the continued use of some of the existing neurotoxic insecticides, suggest that more sophisticated approaches to their management need to be identified. These approaches need to allow ectoparasite populations to be maintained at acceptable levels, while conserving the compounds that remain available. The development of integrated approaches, in which cascades of management tactics are deployed, with parasiticides available as one component to be used in requisite circumstances, may be the most appropriate route to achieving this aim. An essential element of such an approach is the clear articulation of the purpose of intervention and rational justification of the time-point and manner in which it is attempted. However, for this to be possible, considerably better information is required about the effects of ectoparasite abundance on animal welfare and productivity, in addition to the greater availability of effective alternative control tools. To this end, recent work undertaken at the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Bristol, into the use of biological control agents, off-host trapping and the selective treatment of more highly susceptible individuals or classes of host, is reviewed here.     

家畜免疫去势研究进展

传统的手术去势技术正受到动物福利和规模化标准化畜牧生产需求的挑战,作为手术去势的优势替代方法,免疫去势能够很好地阻滞睾丸发育,控制性行为,避免手术带来的痛苦。免疫去势是采用免疫学方法破坏下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的激素平衡,通过降低促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、黄体生成素（LH）和卵泡刺激素（FSH）的水平,进而使性腺激素水平降低,最终抑制性腺功能,达到去势的目的。免疫去势分为激素免疫去势和基因免疫去势,其靶标经历了下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴自下而上的筛选,依次为睾酮、LH、FSH、GnRH、吻素-1（KISS-1）,其中位于下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴上游的GnRH激素、GnRH和KISS-1基因3种靶标去势效果较好。免疫去势效果及机制的相关研究表明,免疫去势具有改善生产性能、安全和可逆的特点,但其可逆性机制还不清楚。去势导致肾上腺发挥代偿作用,但目前免疫去势的肾上腺代偿研究鲜见报道。文章首先介绍了几种靶标的免疫去势机制,其次对免疫去势的特点和应用进行了讨论,旨在为推动免疫去势技术在动物生产繁殖领域的应用提供理论依据。     

Blood serum characteristics of newborn pigs: comparison of unaffected pigs with pigs belonging to five mortality groups.

The blood serum levels of glucose, hemoglobin, insulin, cortisol, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, alpha 2-macroglobulin f and s, alpha 2-antitrypsin inhibitor and alpha 1-protease inhibitor were determined at birth in 5 clinically and morphologically identified mortality groups of pigs. These were compared with the levels observed in unaffected, apparently normal newborn unsuckled pigs. The blood serum profile of the pigs in the stillborn intra partum, weak, splayleg and trauma groups, respectively, as well as that of clinically normal splayleg littermates, differed significantly from that of the unaffected pigs. This was especially true for the levels of hemoglobin and the two macroglobulins. The importance of placental insufficiency causing chronic episodes of hypoxia which ultimately lead to a disturbance in organ development in the etiology of the mortality groups is discussed.     

犬瘙痒性皮肤病研究进展

瘙痒是犬皮肤病的典型临床症状之一，通常除瘙痒外还常伴脱毛、红斑等皮肤症状。瘙痒问题不仅困扰动物本身，也影响到饲养者的生活质量。瘙痒的发生机制复杂，目前国内外已有大量对人和犬瘙痒性皮肤病的临床和基础研究，揭示了瘙痒和神经免疫系统之间的关系，引入了"瘙痒-抓挠"循环的概念，且表明了免疫系统、皮肤屏障和神经系统的单独促进作用和交互作用是瘙痒产生的关键因素，任一环节的问题都可开启"瘙痒-抓挠"的恶性循环。临床上引起犬瘙痒的病因复杂，参照2007年由国际瘙痒研究论坛成员提出的瘙痒分类，将引起犬瘙痒的疾病根据病因类比对应分为了六大类，引起皮肤病性瘙痒的疾病分为了感染性、过敏性、肿瘤性等，其中在临床上最主要的是犬过敏性瘙痒。犬瘙痒性皮肤病的诊断方法及鉴别诊断多样，需从多方面对患病犬进行信息收集，按一定顺序进行排查和鉴别诊断。犬瘙痒性皮肤病的治疗周期长且疾病易反复，目前常用的西医药物存在副作用大、靶点单一、价格昂贵等不足，中药方剂成分复杂，有效成分多，可从多通路多途径治疗机制复杂的瘙痒，在犬瘙痒性皮肤病的治疗上具有优势和广阔前景。文章对瘙痒发生的机制、犬瘙痒性疾病的分类、诊断及中西医治疗思路等最新研究进展进行综述，以期为小动物临床瘙痒相关疾病的诊治提供参考依据。