Subtotal epiglottectomy for the management of epiglottic retroversion in a dog

A six‐year‐old male neutered Yorkshire terrier was evaluated for severe, acute‐onset, inspiratory dyspnoea. Laryngoscopy revealed retroversion of the epiglottis with intermittent occlusion of the rima glottidis during inspiration. The dog underwent both temporary and permanent epiglottopexy procedures that were unsuccessful. Subtotal epiglottectomy was performed and resulted in permanent resolution of dyspnoea without evidence of dysphagia or aspiration. This case highlights potential complications associated with management of this condition as well as describing the successful use of subtotal epiglottectomy in the dog .     

Abdominal aortic chondrosarcoma in a dog

A 14-year-old, mixed breed dog was presented with acute pain and paresis of the hindlimbs. Ultrasonography revealed an intraluminal mass and an abrupt halt of blood flow signal in the distal abdominal aorta. The mass had homogeneous hyperechoic echotexture compared with blood flow. Although clinical presentation suggested a thromboembolism and pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism was suspected as a predisposing cause based on adrenal function tests and ultrasonography, an aortic chondrosarcoma originating from the distal abdominal aorta was diagnosed with histologic examination. Primary aortic sarcoma is extremely rare, and extraskeletal chondrosarcoma is only reported in 2 cases previously. Aortic neoplasm should be included in differential diagnosis when an intraluminal aortic mass is observed on ultrasonography and acute paresis of hindlimbs is shown.     

Metastatic intraocular chondrosarcoma in a dog

Chondrosarcoma accounts for about 10% of all canine bone tumors and is the second most common primary bone tumor in dogs. In veterinary medicine, chondrosarcomas are classified as skeletal and extraskeletal. Extraskeletal chondrosarcomas are mesenchymal neoplasms of soft tissues and visceral organs that produce neoplastic chondrocytes in a fibrillary matrix. There is no involvement of bone or periosteal tissues in extraskeletal chondrosarcomas. The aim of this report is to describe the first case of a metastatic intraocular extraskeletal chondrosarcoma in a dog.     

Primary splenic mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in a dog

A large splenic mass was found during exploratory celiotomy in a 12-year-old Labrador retriever. Histologic examination of the mass revealed a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. The dog was euthanatized 7 wk postoperatively, due to suspected tumor recurrence. Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are rare in dogs and are associated with a guarded prognosis.     

Primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma in a dog.

Extraosseous chondrosarcomas are uncommon in the dog, and those originating in the lung are rare. This report presents a 9-year-old Beagle dog with a pulmonary mass which caused depression, fever, tachypnea, cough, and laboratory abnormalities. The mass was composed predominantly of chondroid tissue, and was histologically diagnosed as chondrosarcoma.     

Primary chondrosarcoma in the liver of a dog

Primary chondrosarcoma was found in the quadrate lobe of the liver of a 6-year-old, intact, male Golden Retriever. At 6 months after partial hepatectomy, recurrence in the liver occurred. The dog died of its systemic metastases 10 months thereafter. Histologically, the hepatic mass revealed neoplastic chondrocytes with abundant chondroid matrix, and there were few myxoid areas where the cellularity and pleomorphism of the neoplastic cells were more prominent. The neoplastic cells were positive for periodic acid-Schiff and were immunohistochemically positive for vimentin and S-100 protein; the matrix was deeply stained for alcian blue and was metachromatic for toluidine blue stain. This tumor might be derived from pluripotent mesenchymal cells in the connective tissue of the liver. To the best of our knowledge, in all mammalians, including humans, this is the first report of extraskeletal chondrosarcoma primarily arising in the liver.     

Primary chondrosarcoma in the skull of a dog

Chondrosarcoma of the skull is a rare primary malignant tumor that is slow-growing, but locally aggressive. A 5-year-old, golden retriever was presented to our hospital with a swelling in the left side of her head, and the swelling had slowly enlarged over the previous month. There were no significant changes on the neurological examination. A computed tomography scan revealed a large mass involving bone destruction and prominent matrix mineralization. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed a slightly low-signal intensity area and a T2-weighted image revealed marked, high-signal intensity. There was compression of the adjacent brain parenchyma. Histopathological examination confirmed the lesion to be a chondrosarcoma.     

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in a young German shepherd dog

An 18-month-old, entire male German shepherd dog was presented with signs indicative of a caudal abdominal space-occupying mass. A needle-core biopsy of this mass failed to establish a definitive diagnosis, but identified a prominent round-cell component. The dog's condition worsened and euthanasia was performed on humane grounds. Histopathology of the mass revealed a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.     

Budd–Chiari-like syndrome in a dog with a chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall

Objective: To describe a dog with Budd–Chiari‐like syndrome secondary to caudal vena cava compression from a thoracic wall chondrosarcoma. Case summary: A 9‐year‐old spayed female Shetland Sheepdog cross with a recent history of non‐productive cough developed severe abdominal distension and dyspnea. Marked ascites and enlarged hepatic veins were identified with ultrasonography. At surgery, a right thoracic wall mass was found to be compressing the caudal vena cava. Fluid analysis of the ascites revealed a modified transudate with elevated protein concentration, consistent with Budd–Chiari‐like syndrome. Clinical signs resolved following thoracotomy and complete resection of the mass. New or unique information provided: Obstruction of venous blood flow can result from compression exerted by a space‐occupying thoracic wall mass on the caudal vena cava. Clinical resolution can be achieved with return of adequate venous circulation by removal of the mass and alleviation of the external pressure.     

A modified Maquet technique for management of cranial cruciate avulsion in a cat

This case report describes the management of cranial cruciate ligament avulsion from the femur of a four‐year‐old Norwegian Forest cat that presented with a history of lameness which had not improved with conservative treatment. During medial arthrotomy, avulsion of the cranial cruciate ligament from the caudomedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle was suspected and the torn portion resected. A modified Maquet technique was performed on the left tibia resulting in a rapid improvement in lameness postoperatively. Histopathology of the resected cranial cruciate ligament confirmed avulsion. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first reported use of this technique in the cat, and the first of stifle instability due to cranial cruciate ligament avulsion from the femur in the cat.     

Non-skeletal multicentric chondrosarcoma in the hindlimb of a dog

An eight-year-old, spayed, female golden retriever was presented with progressive right hindlimb lameness and polyuria/polydipsia. Multiple soft tissue masses were palpable within the hindlimb muscles. A tentative diagnosis of sarcoma was made on fine needle aspiration. A computed tomography scan of the hindlimb and thorax confirmed the presence and location of the masses, none of which were associated with the bones of the hindlimb. In addition, two pulmonary lesions were identified in the right cranial lung lobe. A diagnosis of chondrosarcoma was confirmed on histopathology with a final diagnosis of extraskeletal chondrosarcoma. A high, hindlimb amputation was performed, and chemotherapy was initiated. Polyuria and polydipsia resolved 2 weeks postoperatively. Numerous lung lesions, suspected to be metastases were found on routine followup radiographs, 73 days post surgery after which the dog was lost to follow-up.     

Successful management of an arytenoid chondrosarcoma in a dog

An eight‐year‐old Doberman pinscher was presented with a four‐week history of inspiratory stridor, dysphonia, inappetence and weight loss. Inspiratory stridor was apparent and became more pronounced during gentle compression of the larynx. Previous investigations, including laryngoscopy, had revealed the presence of a left‐sided arytenoid mass. Histological examination of pinch biopsies was not diagnostic. The mass was removed by resection of the arytenoid cartilage through a ventral laryngotomy allowing salvage of the cuneiform process. Histological examination of the laryngeal mass was consistent with a chondrosarcoma, grade I, infiltrating the arytenoid cartilage. Re‐examination at 12 months showed complete resolution of the clinical signs and no signs of metastatic disease. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first report of successful surgical intervention for laryngeal chondrosarcoma. This case demonstrates that resection via a ventral laryngotomy may be a viable and curative therapeutic option for some sarcomas of the larynx.     

Vertebral chondrosarcoma with extensive pulmonary metastases in a dog

The clinical, radiological and pathological features of a chondrosarcoma of the second thoracic vertebra with extensive pulmonary metastases in a dog are presented.
Résumé. On présente les particularités cliniques, radiologiques et pathologiques d'un cas de chondrosarcome de la deuxième vertèbre thoracique, accompagné de métastases pulmonaires intenses. rencontré chez un chien.
Zusammenfassung. Die klinischen, radiologischen und pathologischen Merkmale eines Chondrosarkoms des zweiten Brustwirbels mit ausgedehnten Lungenmetastasen bci einern Hund werden beschrieben.