共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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浅谈大豆生物技术与常规育种的结合 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在世界“生物技术热”中,科技工作者都认识到大豆生物技术应与常规衣种相结合,这是各自发展的需要。目前,关键是探讨其结合点和中间环节。笔者提出相结合的领域和方法,以期共同商榷。 相似文献
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从花生种质资源遗传多样性分析、指纹图谱构建、重要性状分子标记和QTLs定位、分子标记辅助选择以及转基因研究5个方面,对国内外花生分子育种的现状进行了概述,并指出了当前花生分子育种存在的主要问题和发展前景.以期为加快花生新品种选育提供参考依据。 相似文献
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玉米育种中的常规早代选择与分子标记选择的比较L.D.Stromberg等本研究的目的是评估在玉米育种研究中利用分子标记进行选择(MAS)的效果。此外,还有下面几个特殊的目的:(1)根据早代利用MAS选择和利用常规表型产量选择,比较F_2:S_4的测交... 相似文献
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分子标记技术在棉花遗传育种中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了分子标记的类型及原理,综述了该技术在棉花的种质进化及亲缘关系、遗传结构和多样性、遗传图谱的构建与目标基因的定位、品种指纹图谱的构建与品种(杂种)纯度鉴定及分子标记辅助育种等研究中的应用情况.同时对其应用前景也进行了展望。 相似文献
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DNA分子标记技术与玉米育种 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
DNA分子标记技术的开发利用使作物育种家有可能直接根据基因型而不只是表现型进行选择,在作物育种工作中起着愈来愈重要的作用。简要综述了近年来分子标记技术在玉米遗传图谱构建、目标基因的标记与定位、遗传多样性研究、品种真实性鉴定、杂种优势预测以及分子标记辅助选择中的应用,对今后研究工作提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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分子标记技术的应用日趋广泛,对水稻育种研究有重要的价值。通过重点介绍近年来分子标记在水稻分子遗传图谱的构建、遗传资源保存和遗传多样性分析、基因的标记及克隆、分子标记辅助育种等方面研究的应用情况,探讨了分子标记的应用在水稻育种上的优势。 相似文献
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AFLP技术在马铃薯育种中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
AFLP技术因其高效、稳定而被广泛应用于多种作物,本文详细阐述了AFLP技术的原理、特点及其在马铃薯育种中的应用,主要包括遗传多样性分析,构建高密度遗传连锁图,基因定位及克隆,DNA指纹图谱等。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):175-211
Summary Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is defined as dry matter yield produced per unit of N supplied and available in the soil. NUE is approximately 33% for cereal production worldwide. Increased cereal NUE must accompany increased yield needed to feed the growing world population. Consequently, continued efforts are needed to include plant selection under low N input which is not often considered a priority by plant breeders. Molecular markers have accelerated plant breeding in a number of areas including biotic (disease and insect) resistance and abiotic (drought, low nitrogen fertilization and frost) tolerance. Marker-based technology has already provided scientists with a powerful approach for identifying and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) and would lead to the development of a better understanding of genetic phenomena. Two main NUE studies have been discussed. The first study identified QTL for NUE in maize involved the grain yield and secondary morphological traits of interest, such as plant height, ear leaf area, ears per plant and kernels per ear. This was compared with second study of QTL for yield and its components with genes encoding cytolistic gult-amine synthestase and leaf N03 - content. These secondary traits were correlated with yield and demonstrated segregation with high heritability under low nitrogen conditions. Marker assisted selection (MAS) should be able to offer significant advantages in cases where phenotypic screening is particularly expensive or difficult, including breeding projects involving multiple genes, recessive genes, late expression of the trait of interest, seasonal considerations, or geographical considerations. In addition to reducing costs of conventional breeding, MAS also has the potential to generate time savings. Possibly, the greatest contribution of QTL mapping to plant breeding will be the basic understanding of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits, thereby relating specific genetic loci with the biological mechanisms associated with desirable phenotypes. 相似文献
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