Hemoglobin Sphakiá: a delta-chain variant of hemoglobin A2 from Crete

A new variant of the normal minor component Hb A(2) has been detected in a family that lives in Sphakiá, Crete. Chemical studies of this abnormal hemoglobin, designated Hb A(2) delta Sphakiá, indicates a substitution of the histidyl residue number two of the delta-chain by an arginyl residue.     

"Hemoglobin alpha2beta2-121ys" chemical identification in an egyptian family

Stuidy of the amino acid composition and amino-terminal residue in the abnormal peptide of an electrophoretically slow hemoglobin revealed that the globin's structure was alpha(2)beta(2)(121 Lys) (Obeta). This hemoglobin had been provisionally classified as Hb E or as a new heemoglobin. The clinical significance of this abnormality is not yet defined.     

Hemoglobin Hijiyama: a new fast-moving hemoglobin in a Japanese family

A variant of hemoglobin A, named Hb Hijiyama, found in two generations of a Japanese family living in Hiroshima, Japan, has a higher anodal electrophoretic mobility than hemoglobin A; a gain of two negative charges per molecule is indicated. Fingerprinting and amino acid analysis showed the biochemical anomaly to be in the beta chain at residue 120, where lysine is replaced by glutamic acid. In the heterozygote carriers of the abnormal hemoglobin there is no apparent association with clinical or hematologic abnormalities.     

Hemoglobin interaction: modification of solid phase composition in the sickling phenomenon

Direct analyses of solid phase formed by deoxygenating solutions of sickle-cell hemoglobin (Hb S) in the presence of certain other hemoglobin species show that hemoglobins A and C can participate in the filamentous fine structure characteristic of the sickling phenomenon. In contrast, fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) is nearly completely excluded.     

Globin composition and synthesis of hemoglobins in developing fetal mice erythroid cells

Fetal mouse erythropoiesis proceeds initially in yolk-sac blood islands (8 to 12 days) and, subsequently, in liver (12 to at least 16 days). Yolksac cells synthesize three hemoglobins, Hb E(I), Hb E(II) and Hb E(III). Hb E(I) has x- and y-globin chains; Hb E(II) has alpha and y; HB E(III), alpha and z. No detectable beta-globin is formed in these cells. Liver erythroid cells form only adult hemoglobin, composed of alpha- and beta-chains.     

Separation of IL-4 production from Th cell proliferation by an altered T cell receptor ligand.

In the presence of antigen presenting cells, a murine T helper (Th) cell specific for murine hemoglobin (Hb) responded to its immunogenic peptide by both cytokine (interleukin-4) secretion and proliferation. An altered Hb peptide with a single amino acid substitution induced only cytokine secretion and did not induce proliferation. Interleukin-1 costimulated and restored the Th proliferative response to normal levels. The altered peptide also supported cognate T cell-B cell interactions indicative of T cell helper function. Thus, this result suggests that the T cell receptor has the capacity of differential signaling.     

血红蛋白于CeO2/MWNTs /CHIT纳米材料复合膜上的电化学行为

[目的]制备CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT纳米材料复合膜并研究血红蛋白（Hb）的直接电化学行为。[方法]通过制备CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT悬浮液和Hb/CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE电极研究了Hb的电化学行为及其影响因素。[结果]电镜表征表明,纳米级的CeO2与MWNTs均匀地分布在CHIT膜中。CeO2/CHIT/GCE、MWNTs/CHIT/GCE、CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE以及裸玻碳电极CV的2对可逆氧化还原峰分别出现在138（Epc）和217mV（Epa）。与裸玻碳电极相比,CeO2/CHIT/GCE、MWNTs/CHIT/GCE和CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE的峰电流分别增加了1.5、1.9和3.6倍。1mgCeO2、2mgWMNTs和100mgCHIT制备的复合膜具有最大的峰电流。电极表面的电子转移是表面控制的。Hb/CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE膜具有很强的协同效应,并且大大增强了Hb对于H2O2的催化作用,这些效应在5.0×10-6～4.6×10-4mol/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系,检测限为6.7×10-7mol/L。[结论]成功制备了一种新型CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT纳米材料复合膜,该复合材料增强了单一材料对Fe（CN）3-/4-的氧化还原信号。     

小尾寒羊血液蛋白(酶)位点上多胎性的比较研究

[目的]为了研究小尾寒羊血红蛋白和酯酶多态性与多胎性之间的相关性。[方法]采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对118只小尾寒羊的血红蛋白和酯酶多态性进行了分析,并对有产羔记录的2.5岁经产母羊在血红蛋白和酯酶位点上的多胎性进行了比较。[结果]小尾寒羊在血红蛋白位点上的优势基因为HbB,基因频率为0.795;在酯酶位点上的优势基因为Es-,基因频率为0.598。在小尾寒羊产羔性状上,血红蛋白HbBB型和酯酶Es++型占优势,其中酯酶Es++型的产羔数显著高于其他基因型。[结论]血红蛋白和酯酶多态性与多胎性之间的相关性,可作为小尾寒羊育种中的早期选择依据。     

不同生态环境内鲤的几项血液指标的比较

本试验测定并比较了网箱、池塘、水库三种生态环境内鲤鱼的六项血液指标。结果表明，网箱鲤鱼的红血球数(RBC)和血红蛋白(Hb)与池塘鲤鱼种相比差异显著，其成鱼(2^ —3^ )的RBC、Hb和血球比容(Hv)亦显著高于池塘鲤，而白细胞数(WBC)和色素指数(CI)没有显著性差异；网箱鲤成鱼的RBC、RCV显著高于水库鲤，而其CI和红细胞的沉降速度(BSR)则显著低于水库鲤。WBC和Hb差异不显著。     

不同生态环境内鲤的几项血液指标的比较

本试验测定并比较了网箱、池塘、水库三种生态环境内鲤鱼的六项血液指标。结果表明，网箱鲤鱼的红血球数(RBC)和血红蛋白(Hb)与池塘鲤鱼种相比差异显著，其成鱼(2^ —3^ )的RBC、Hb和血球比容(Hv)亦显著高于池塘鲤，而白细胞数(WBC)和色素指数(CI)没有显著性差异；网箱鲤成鱼的RBC、RCV显著高于水库鲤，而其CI和红细胞的沉降速度(BSR)则显著低于水库鲤。WBC和Hb差异不显著。     

Hemoglobin Freiburg: abnormal hemoglobin due to deletion of a single amino acid residue

Structural characterization of a new variant of human hemoglobin (adult), designated hemoglobin Freiburg, indicates the deletion of the valyl residue No. 23 from an otherwise normal beta-chain. The formula may be written (alpha2)beta(2)(23val-0). The abnormal hemoglobin is present with hemoglobin A in the proposita and in two of her three living children, but is not detectable in her parents. We postulate that this variant represents a triplet base deletion which most likely resulted from an unequal crossing-over between two normal betachain loci during meiosis in one of the parents of the proposita.     

兰州大尾羊血红蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶水平板电泳检测了１３只兰州大尾羊的血红蛋白（Ｈｂ），结果表明，Ｈｂ位点存在 ＨｂＡ和 ＨｂＢ两个等位基因，频率分别为 ０．７９３９、０．２０６１，其中 ＨｂＡ为优势基因。存在ＨｂＡＡ、ＨｂＡＢ和ＨｂＢＢ３种基因型，频率分别为０．０５３４、０．３０５３和０．６４１３，其中ＨｂＢＢ为优势基因型。对６６只兰州大尾羊血红蛋白基因型与红细胞压积（ＰＣＶ）的相关分析表明：ＨｂＡＢ型的ＰＣＶ大于ＨｂＢＢ型，但差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus

Glucose reacts nonenzymatically with the NH2-terminal amino acid of the beta chain of human hemoglobin by way of a ketoamine linkage, resulting in the formation of hemoglobin AIc. Other minor components appear to be adducts of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. These hemoglobins are formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life-span of the red cell. There is a two- to threefold increase in hemoglobin AIc in the red cells of patients with diabetes mellitus. By providing an integrated measurement of blood glucose, hemoglobin AIc is useful in assessing the degree of diabetic control. Furthermore, this hemoglobin is a useful model of nonenzymatic glycosylation of other proteins that may be involved in the long-term complications of the disease.     

有机硒对山羊血硒水平与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响

用陕西省紫阳县双安产富硒玉米饲喂山羊引起中毒后，测定了全血硒含量，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）红细胞（ＲＢＣ）血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）结果表明，全血硒含量变化与临床症状相致，可作为硒中毒病的诊断指标；血硒含量与ＲＢＣ，Ｈｂ呈弱负相关，与ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性有试验前３０ｄ呈正相关，试验４０ｄ后呈负相关，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性变化与临床症状出现时间不一致，仅可作为山羊硒中毒病诊断的参考指标。     

中卫山羊血红蛋白多态性的研究

在全面综述国内外山羊血红蛋白研究进展的基础上，应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，对１００只中卫山羊血红蛋白的多态性作了研究。发现了由ＨｂＡ和ＨｂＢ两个共显性等位基因支配的两种基因型ＨｂＡＡ和ＨｂＢＢ，其中ＨｂＡ和ＨｂＡＡ的频率分别高达０９８和０９６。     

葡萄血红蛋白的序列特征、结构建模及分子进化

对葡萄血红蛋白基因的结构、进化关系、序列特征及蛋白结构进行剖析。基因结构和蛋白序列特征分析表明:尽管葡萄3个血红蛋白基因外显子个数和保守基序组织结构变异较大,但功能结构域具有高度保守性。结构模拟显示,葡萄VvHb1以单体形式存在,而VvHb2和VvHb3则以二聚体形式存在,尽管它们三维构象以螺旋结构为主,但结合血红素分子活性不同。进化分析揭示,植物血红蛋白具有4个类群,其中葡萄的血红蛋白落入主要类群外,并且单独形成了一个进化分支,说明葡萄血红蛋白基因在物种形成后发生了快速进化和基因扩增现象。     

波德代羊及其杂种一代二代血红蛋白多态性的研究

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对引入我国的肉用品种绵羊波德代及其杂种一代二代和本地土种羊(蒙古羊)的血红蛋白(Hb)多态性进行了检测分析.结果表明:波德代羊及其杂种存在3种基因型,HbAB型在3个群体中均占优势,频率分别为0.725 0,0.527 8,0.517 2,其中HbB基因为优势基因.在土种羊中HbBB为优势基因型,频率为0.724 1,优势基因为HbB.     

Synthesis of functional human hemoglobin in transgenic mice

Human alpha- and beta-globin genes were separately fused downstream of two erythroid-specific deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I super-hypersensitive sites that are normally located 50 kilobases upstream of the human beta-globin gene. These two constructs were coinjected into fertilized mouse eggs, and expression was analyzed in transgenic animals that developed. Mice that had intact copies of the transgenes expressed high levels of correctly initiated human alpha- and beta-globin messenger RNA specifically in erythroid tissue. An authentic human hemoglobin was formed in adult erythrocytes that when purified had an oxygen equilibrium curve identical to the curve of native human hemoglobin A (Hb A). Thus, functional human hemoglobin can be synthesized in transgenic mice. This provides a foundation for production of mouse models of human hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell disease.     

生血增白汤对环磷酰胺致血虚小鼠RBC、Hb、WBC、Plt含量的影响

目的 研究生血增白汤对环磷酰胺（CTX）致血虚小鼠RBC、Hb、WBC、Plt含量的影响,旨在探讨生血增白汤对化学性损伤血虚症的补血作用。方法 取ICR小鼠60只,随机分为6组,即正常对照组（A组）,模型对照组（B组）,阳性药四物合剂组（C组）,生血增白汤低、中、高剂量组（D1、D2、D3组）,每组10只,连续给药8 d。除A组外,其他组小鼠每日均于给药后4 h注射环磷酰胺100 mg/kg,第8天给药后测全血红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）、白细胞（WBC）、血小板（Plt）值,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果 B组小鼠RBC、Hb、WBC、Plt含量较A组显著降低（P<0.01）。与B组比较,D3组能使血虚证小鼠Hb升高（P<0.05）;D1、D2、D3组及C组能使血虚证小鼠WBC升高（P<0.01）;D3组及C组能升高小鼠Plt（P<0.05）。结论 生血增白汤对CTX致化学性损伤造成的血虚证模型小鼠具有补血作用。     

酸胁迫对泥鳅血细胞数量和血红蛋白含量的影响

为探明水体酸化对泥鳅的危害机制,同时为其人工养殖提供技术指导,对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)在不同酸度水体(pH=4.0,4.5,5.0,5.5,6.0,6.5)内暴露10d后机体的生理反应进行测试,检测经酸胁迫后泥鳅的血细胞数量和血红蛋白含量。结果表明:泥鳅血液中血细胞数量和血红蛋白含量与水体pH的关系密切,酸胁迫显著降低了红细胞数量,显著增加了白细胞数量,降低了血红蛋白含量。