Trichoderma species from China

Seventeen species of Trichoderma, isolated from soil or tree bark from Ch ina are identified based on morphological and physiological characters, and from their phylogenetic position inferred from parsimony analyses of nucleotide sequ ences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rDNA cluster (ITS1 and 2) and partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (te f1) . There were T.citrinoviride, T.longibrachiatum, T.sinensis in section Long ibrachiatum, T.…     

Trichoderma species collected from Iran

In order to identify Trichoderma species isolated from Iran, Trichoderma selective media and malt extract agar (MEA) were used to isolate Trichoderma species from the soil samples. All the cultures were purified on 2% water agar by hyphal tip method prior to morphological examination.Morphological observations were carried out on the cultures grown on 2 % MEA and oat meal agar at 20℃ under ambient laboratory conditions.     

Papers Published from Library of Fuzhou University from 2001 to 2010： A Bibliometric ~nalysis

借助CNKI的《中国学术期刊网络出版总库》检索平台和Excel等分析工具,对福州大学图书馆2001-2010年间发表的学术论文共321篇进行年度发文量、来源期刊、作者分布、文献被引频次等方面的计量分析．以反映该馆十年来的文献产出量、重点期刊、核心作者以及相关论文影响力等信息,并就其未来发展提出可行性建议。     

A Letter from London by Granddaughter

DearGrandpa ,Howareyouthesedays ?Didyougotoworkasusual?Itturnscoldnow ,wintercomes ,anditisthefloweringseasonfortheMeiinyourgarden .Iwonderhowyouwillcommentonthisyear’sblossom .WhenIwashome ,thoughtyouwereinyourhouse ;whenIwasinyourhouse ,Ibelievedthatyo…     

Salt domes: is there more energy available from their salt than from their oil?

Calculations indicate that a typical oil-bearing salt dome along the Gulf Coast of the United States contains more energy in its salt than is present in its oil. The magnitude of the potential salinity gradient energy is even greater when all of the salt domes are considered.     

Driving factors of direct greenhouse gas emissions from China’s pig industry from 1976 to 2016

Livestock cultivation is a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for 14.5% of the total anthropogenic emissions. China is responsible for a considerable share of the global livestock emissions, particularly caused by pork production. We used the Kaya identity and the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) to decompose the national annual GHG emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management in pig farming in China from 1976 to 2016. We decomposed the sources of the emissions into five driving factors: (1) technological progress (e.g., feed improvement); (2) structural adjustment in the livestock sector; (3) structural adjustment in agriculture; (4) affluence; and (5) population growth. The results showed that the net GHG emissions from the pig sector in China increased 16 million tons (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂eq) during the study period. The decomposition analysis revealed that structural adjustment in agriculture, growing affluence, and population growth contributed to an increase of the GHG emissions of pork production by 23, 41, and 13 Mt CO₂eq, respectively. The technological progress and structural changes in animal husbandry mitigated emissions by –51 and –11 Mt CO₂eq, respectively. Further technological progress in pig production and optimizing the economic structures are critical for further reducing GHG emissions in China’s pig industry. Our results highlight the dominant role of technological changes for emission reductions in the pig farming.     

Characterization of a TaJ Gene from Wheat

A novel J-domain protein gene was cloned from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） using RT-PCR technology and named as TaJ. The J-domain protein is defined by the presence of a J-domain. The cDNA of T. aestivum gene, TaJ （GenBank accession number： DQ789026）, was 1263 bp and contained a complete open reading frame （ORF） encoding a J-domain protein of 420 amino acid residues. The predicted amino acid sequence of TaJ possesses three functionally essential domains： the Nterminal J-domain which includes the highly conserved HPD tripeptide, an adjacent domain that is rich in glycine and phenylalanine residues （G/F） and a Cysteine-rich zinc-finger domain with four repeats of CxxCxGxG that is important for protein interactions. The C-terminal of TaJ was -CAQQ, a farnesylation motif. The full-length deduced amino acid sequence of TaJ is highly homologous to J-domain proteins from various plant species. Southern blot analysis indicated that a single copy of TaJ existed in wheat genome. The expression pattern of TaJ performed by real-time PCR demonstrated that heat shock （HS） at 37℃ induced the expression of TaJ rapidly and strongly, but the response of the TaJ gene to cold stress was much slower than that to HS. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the expression level of TaJ gene was much higher in leaves than that in roots.     

Germination from the Mycelian Protoplast of Pleurotus

The protoplasts were isolated from the mycelium of pleurotus by theenzyme technique. The behavior of the vacuolated protoplasts which withmore than 20 μm diameter cultured in a suitable medium was observed. The     

What do we learn from neutrinos?

Each type of particle, by definition, is special. The special property of neutrinos is that they are penetrating. This has made their discovery and the understanding of their properties elusive, but it has also made them a useful tool in the study of particles and their interactions. In astrophysics, on account of this property, neutrinos provide an important means for energy transfer and permit insight into the interior of stars hidden to other radiation. The special conditions in space permit, in turn, the study of neutrino properties not possible in the laboratory.