Binuclear ion containing nitrogen as a bridging group

A binuclear ion ([NH(3))5RuN(2)Ru(NH(3))(5)](5)+ is formed by the direct reaction of N(2) with an aqueous solution of (NH(3))(5)RuOH(2)(2+) at room temperature. The binuclear ion is also formed by the reversible reaction of (NH(3))5RuOH(2)(2+) with (NH(3))(5)RuN(2)(2+). Solid [(NH(3))(5)RuN(2)Ru(NH(3))(5)] (BF(4))(4) has been prepared, and its ultraviolet and infrared spectra are reported.     

我国南方部分地区实蝇记述及2种中国新记录

1980～1988年,曾用地中海实蝇、瓜实蝇和桔小实蝇(Trimedlure,Cuelure 和 Methy eugonol)性引诱剂,和野外采果相结合的办法,进行了实蝇的调查,所采集的标本,已鉴定出16种,其名称是;桔小实蝇、芒果实蝇、番石榴实蝇、辣椒实蝇、颜带实蝇、鳄梨实蝇、瓜实蝇、南瓜实蝇、颜黑纹实蝇、具条实蝇、拟具条实蝇、腹眼实蝇、二态实蝇、蜜柑大实蝇、桔大实蝇和黑肩光顶实蝇.内鳄梨实蝇和腹眼实蝇2种为中国新记录.在这次调查中,未发现地中海实蝇(Ceratitiscapitata Wied.)。     

枇杷叶片有机酸组分分析

应用离子交换色谱(HPIC)法对12个品种枇杷鲜叶提取物有机酸进行分析.结果表明:叶片中有机酸以奎尼酸为主,含量高达2.336-5.487 mg.g-1,另含有少量L-苹果酸、酒石酸、富马酸、α-酮戊二酸、草酰乙酸、柠檬酸和微量异柠檬酸、顺乌头酸、β-香豆酸和阿魏酸(反式);品种间叶片有机酸组分相似,但各品种含酸量差异较大.聚类分析结果显示,可将12个枇杷品种分为高酸、中酸和低酸3个组群.     

湖北省不同地区水稻土对几种养分的吸附能力研究

对湖北省4个不同地区典型水稻土的磷(P)、钾(K)、硫(S)、硼(B)、锌(Zn)的吸附能力进行了研究。4种水稻土对P的吸收能力大小顺序为:洪湖市油-稻两熟区近代河流冲积物母质发育的水稻土(4#土)>襄樊市麦-稻两熟区Q3母质发育的水稻土(3#土)>荆门油-稻两熟区Q3母质发育的水稻土(2#土)>蕲春县油-稻-稻三熟制区花岗片麻岩母质发育的水稻土(1#土);对K的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>1#>2#;对S的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>2#>4#>1#;对Zn的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>2#>1#;对B的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>1#>2#。田间养分管理策略应根据不同地区土壤对养分的吸附能力大小进行相应调整。     

假眼小绿叶蝉趋色性及茶梢信息物质强化其趋色性的效应

为探讨重要茶树害虫假眼小绿叶蝉趋色性以及茶梢信息物质增强其趋色效应,遂选用12种有色粘板于茶园中诱捕假眼小绿叶蝉成虫。发现该叶蝉强烈趋向芽绿和素馨黄,其次趋向于土黄、果绿和橘黄,再次是大红,较少趋向于紫色、纯白、天蓝、湖蓝、桃红和墨绿。将11种信息物质制剂分别载于橡皮头上制成诱芯:(1)10-2 g·m L-1香叶醇、芳樟醇、反-2-己烯醛、顺-3-己烯-1-醇、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-戊烯-1-醇和β-紫罗酮单组分制剂;(2)10-2 g·m L-1顺-3-己烯-1-醇和β-紫罗酮等量的制剂、10-2 g·m L-1反-2-己烯醛和芳樟醇等量的制剂;(3)10-2 g·m L-1反-2己烯醛、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-戊烯-1-醇、反-2-戊烯醛、芳樟醇、顺-3-己烯-1-醇和顺-3-己烯乙酸酯七组分按照1:1:1:1:1:1:1、以及1:1:1:1:1:5:25体积比的制剂。每个诱芯上信息物质均为10 mg,以正己烷为CK。每块芽绿粘板携带1个诱芯在茶园中诱捕假眼小绿叶蝉成虫。结果表明:(1)11种诱芯诱效差异显著,七组分的1:1:1:1:1:5:25比例的混合物制剂诱效最强,七组分的等量混合物制剂诱效次之,顺-3-己烯-1-醇和β-紫罗酮等量制剂的诱效又次之,单组分诱效最差;(2)单组分中β-紫罗酮和顺-3-己烯-1-醇诱效较明显;(3)携带七组分1:1:1:1:1:5:25比例诱芯的芽绿粘板可用于防治该叶蝉。分析认为,茶梢主要信息化合物以接近自然状态的比例组成的混合物可显著增强假眼小绿叶蝉的趋色性。     

败酱草挥发性化学成分研究

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取白花败酱草挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对白花败酱草挥发油的化学成分进行了分离和鉴定。结果分离并鉴定出51个组分,占峰面积的95.77%,并用峰面积归一化法测定了各成分的质量分数;其主要挥发性成分为:2-甲基-5-乙基呋喃(50.97%),其次是己二硫醚(9.47%)、1-己硫醇(6.97%)、紫苏醛(3.65%)、律草烷-1,6二烯-3-醇(2.65%)、(Z,E)-à-法呢烯(2.62%)、反-石竹烯(2.41%)、亚麻酸甲酯(2.03%)、紫苏醇(1.63%)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(1.43%)、樟脑(1.21%)、à-雪松醇(1.16%)、邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基酯(1.07%)、冰片(1.06%)、6-氨基异喹啉(1.03%)。     

History and Present Situation and Developing Tendency of Rare Earth Applied in Agriculture

History of rare earth applied in agriculture Concept of rare earth Rare earth(RE for short)is a general designation of 17 elements,including 15 elements of lanthanum system,they are lanthanum (La),cerium (Ce),praseodymium (Pr),neodymium (Nd),promethium(Pm),samarium(Sm),europium(Eu),gadolinium(Gd),terbium(Tb),dysprosium(Dy),holmium(Ho),erbium(Er),thulium(Tm),ytterbium(Yb),lutetium(Lu)),and 2 elements of the same clan with lanthanum system: scandium (Se)and yttrium (Y) in the periodic table of elements.Rare earth look like earth or soil,and their quantity which may be separated from ore are very rare or few,so scientists call them rare earth elements.     

Vapor pressures of solid hydrates of nitric Acid: implications for polar stratospheric clouds

Thermodynamic data are presented for hydrates of nitric acid: HNO(3).H(2)O, HNO(3).2H(2)O, HNO(3).3H(2)O, and a higher hydrate. Laboratory data indicate that nucleation and persistence of metastable HNO(3).2H(2)O may be favored in polar stratospheric clouds over the slightly more stable HNO(3).3H(2)O. Atmospheric observations indicate that some polar stratospheric clouds may be composed of HNO(3).2H(2)O and HNO(3).3H(2)O. Vapor transfer from HNO(3).2H(2)O to HNO(3).3H(2)O could be a key step in the sedimentation of HNO(3), which plays an important role in the depletion of polar ozone.     

Niningerite: a new meteoritic sulfide

Niningerite, a new meteoritic sulfide ranging in composition from (Fe(0.19)Mg(0.66)Mn(0.14)Ca(0.007)Cr(0.002))S to (Fe(0.52)Mg(0.33)Mn(0.06)Ca(0.06)Cr(0.03)Zn(0.004))S, from the type-I enstatite chondrites Abee, Saint Sauveur, Adhi-Kot, Indarch, St. Mark's, and Kota-Kota, is described. It is named in honor of H. H. Nininger.     

中国叩甲科昆虫12亚科的支序分类研究

选取中国叩甲科昆虫12亚科间的13个特征，经量化处理并判定特征的极化方向后得到数据矩阵，再利用计算机支序分类软件PAUP4．0进行数据处理，得出中国叩甲科昆虫12亚科的谱系图。研究结果表明：叩甲科可明显地划分为3个自然类群，它们的亲缘关系可表示为（7，8），（（2，4）3）9），（（（11，12）10）5（1，6）），其中齿胸叩甲亚科（7）与露唇叩甲亚科（8），槽缝叩甲亚科（2）与萤叩甲亚科（4），小叩甲亚科（11）与心盾叩甲亚科（12），尖鞘叩甲亚科（1）与异角叩甲亚科（6）是4对姊妹群，每对姊妹群中的2个亚科间亲缘关系最近；单叶叩甲亚科（3）和叩甲亚科（9）与第2对姊妹群（2，4），梳爪叩甲亚科（10）与第3对姊妹群（11，12），胖叩甲亚(5)与第4对姊妹群（1，6）亲缘关系较近；齿胸叩甲亚科（7）与露唇叩甲亚科（8）是最原始的1对姊妹群，小叩甲亚科（11）与心盾叩甲亚科（12）是最进化的1对姊妹群。     

Closely Approaching the Silylium Ion (R3Si+)

The crystal structure of the tri-isopropyl silyl species, i-Pr(3)Si(Br(6)-CB(11)H(6)), where the brominated carborane Br(6)-CB(11) H(6)(-) is perhaps the least nucleophilic anion presently known, has revealed the highest degree of silylium cation character (R(3)Si(+)) yet observed. The average C-Si-C angle is 117 degrees , only 3 degrees short of the planarity expected of a pure silylium ion(120 degrees ). This value compares to 114 degrees recently reported for a toluene-solvated silyl cation, [Et(3)Si(toluene)](+) by Lambert and co-workers. The greater silylium ion character of i-Pr(3)Si(Br(6)-CB(11)H(6)) versus [i-Pr(3)Si(toluene)](+) is also reflected in the larger downfield shift of the silicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance, 109.8 versus 相似文献   

Electronic structure and valence-bond band structure of cuprate superconducting materials

From ab initio calculations on various clusters representing the La2-xSrxCu(1)O(4) and Y(1)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7) classes of high-temperature superconductors, it is shown that (i) all copper sites have a Cu(II)(d(9))oxidation state with one unpaired spin that is coupled antiferromagnetically to the spins of adjacent Cu(II) sites; (ii) oxidation beyond the cupric (Cu(II)) state leads not to Cu(III) but rather to oxidized oxygen atoms, with an oxygen ppi hole bridging two Cu(II) sites; (iii) the oxygen ppihole at these oxidized sites is ferromagnetically coupled to the adjacent Cu(II)d electrons despite the fact that this is opposed by the direct dd exchange; and (iv) the hopping of these oxygen ppi holes (in CuO sheets or chains) from site to site is responsible for the conductivity in these systems (N-electron band structures are reported for the migration of these localized charges).     

Tunneling Spectroscopy of M3C60 Superconductors: The Energy Gap, Strong Coupling, and Superconductivity

Tunneling spectroscopy has been used to characterize the magnitude and temperature dependence of the superconducting energy gap (triangle up) for K(3)C(60) and Rb(3)C(60). At low temperature the reduced energy gap, 2triangle upkappaT(c) (where T(c) is the transition temperature) has a value of 5.3 +/- 0.2 and 5.2 +/- 0.3 for K(3)C(60) and Rb(3)C(60), respectively. The magnitude of the reduced gap for these materials is significantly larger than the value of 3.53 predicted by Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory. Hence, these results show that the pair-coupling interaction is strong in the M(3)C(60) superconductors. In addition, measurements of triangle up(T) for both K(3)C(60) and Rb(3)C(60) exhibit a similar mean-field temperature dependence. The characterization of triangle up and triangle up(T) for K(3)C(60) and Rb(3)C(60) provides essential constraints for theories evolving to describe superconductivity in the M(3)C(60) materials.     

Oxygen isotope effect in high-temperature oxide superconductors

The effect of oxygen isotope substitution on the superconducting transition temperature, T(c), has been measured for BaBi(0.25)Pb(0.75)O(3) (T(c), approximately 11 K) and Lal(1.85) Ca(0.15)CuO(4) (T(c) approximately 20 K), and is compared to the shifts observed for La(1.85)Sr(0.15)CuO(4) (T(c) approximately 37 K) and YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (T(c) approximately 92 K). For all four materials, the transition temperature is shifted to lower temperature upon substitution of oxygen-18 for oxygen-16. The observed shifts demonstrate that phonons are involved in the electron-pairing mechanism in these oxide superconductors.     

Synthesis and structure of a terminal uranium nitride complex

The terminal uranium nitride linkage is a fundamental target in the study of f-orbital participation in metal-ligand multiple bonding but has previously eluded characterization in an isolable molecule. Here, we report the preparation of the terminal uranium(V) nitride complex [UN(Tren(TIPS))][Na(12-crown-4)(2)] {in which Tren(TIPS) = [N(CH(2)CH(2)NSiPr(i)(3))(3)](3-) and Pr(i) = CH(CH(3))(2)} by reaction of the uranium(III) complex [U(Tren(TIPS))] with sodium azide followed by abstraction and encapsulation of the sodium cation by the polydentate crown ether 12-crown-4. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction reveals a uranium-terminal nitride bond length of 1.825(15) angstroms (where 15 is the standard uncertainty). The structural assignment is supported by means of (15)N-isotopic labeling, electronic absorption spectroscopy, magnetometry, electronic structure calculations, elemental analyses, and liberation of ammonia after treatment with water.     

Bulk Superconductivity up to 122 K in the Tl-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O System

New high-temperature superconductors based on oxides of thallium and copper, but not containing barium, have been prepared. A transition temperature (T(c)) of about 85 K is found for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5)) Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(7) whereas (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(9) has a T(c) of about 120 K. Both materials possess tetragonal symmetry with a = 3.80 A, c = 12.05 A for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(7), and a = 3.81 A, c = 15.23 A for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(9). A structure refinement of the latter phase has been carried out with single-crystal x-ray diffraction data.     

中国南方镰孢属的研究Ⅱ：马特组Section Martiella的分类研究

通过对中国南方镰孢属马特组的调查和分类研究,鉴定出３个种和２个变种,即：（１）茄病镰孢Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｓｏｌａｎｉ（Ｍａｒｔ．）Ｓａｃｅ;（２）茄病镰孢真马特变种Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｓｏｌａｎｉ（Ｍａｒｔ．）Ｓａｃｅ．ｖａｒ．ｅｕｍａｒｔｉｉ（Ｃａｒｐｅｎｔｅｒ）Ｗｏｌｌｅｎｗｅｂｅｒ;（３）茄病镰孢爪哇变种Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｓｏｌａｎｉ（Ｍａｒｔ．）Ｓａｃｃ．ｖａｒ．ｊａｖａｎｉｃｕｍ（Ｋｏｏｒｄｅｒｓ）Ｙｅ,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;（４）兰色镰孢Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｃｏｅｒｕｌｅｕｍ（Ｌｉｂｅｒｔ）Ｓａｃｃ．;（５）腹状镰孢Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｏｓｕｍ Ａｐｐｅｌ ｅｔ Ｗｏｌｌｅｎｗｅｂｅｒ。     

女贞子中微量元素的分析研究

采用一种套筒电极和分段曝光新技术,在一米平面光栅摄谱测得女贞子样品中含有27种微量元素。本研究为女贞子药效提供科学依据,也给其它中草药微量元素提供一个切实可行的测试方法。     

依赖于参数的泛函微分方程正周期解的存在性

考虑依赖于参数的泛函微分方程x′(t)=-a(t)g(x(t))x(t)+λb(t)f(t,x(t-τ_1(t)),x(t-τ_2(t)),…,x(t-τ_n(t))).利用不动点定理,得到了上述方程正周期解存在的充分条件。     

Systematic inflation of buckminsterfillerene c60: synthesis of diphenyl fulleroids c61 to c66

The synthesis of a new family of spheroidal carbon molecules derived from the fullerenes is described. The fulleroids are produced by incremental addition of a divalent carbon equivalent that has two phenyl (Ph) rings to fullerene C(60). The fulleroids Ph(2)C(61), Ph(4)C(62), Ph(6)C(63), Ph(8)C(64), Ph(10)C(65), and Ph(12)C(66) have been prepared and characterized.