不同产地朝鲜淫羊藿多糖含量测定

目的:测定不同产地朝鲜淫羊藿多糖含量;方法:采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法,以葡萄糖作为为对照品,在620nm波长下测定吸光度,分别测定可溶性多糖和粗多糖的含量;结果:在0.042mg~1.05mg范围内,葡萄糖mg数与吸光度A值线性关系良好,平均回收率为100.32%,RSD=2.73%,R2=0.9991。不同产地朝鲜淫羊藿总多糖含量分别为:敦化基地(茎:10.18%,叶:11.69%,地上部分11.13%)、敦化野生(茎:10.62%,叶:13.68%,地上部分11.17%)、临江野生(茎:9.20%,叶:9.37%,地上部分:9.54%)、北朝鲜野生(茎:9.62%,叶:11.44%,地上部分:10.18%)。不同产地朝鲜淫羊藿多糖含量差异较大,敦化基地的含量最高,依次是敦化野生、北朝鲜野生、临江野生。同一产地的朝鲜淫羊藿不同部位多糖含量也有很大差异;结论:该方法简便、快速、可靠、易行,适合淫羊藿多糖的含量测定,以控制其质量。     

HPLC比较朝鲜淫羊藿不同炮制品中淫羊藿苷及总黄酮的影响

比较三种炮制方法对朝鲜淫羊藿中主要成分淫羊藿苷及总黄酮的含量。采用HPLC比较淫羊藿苷的含量。以ODS-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5um)柱为分析柱,流动相为乙腈:水(30:70)流速1 ml/min。UV检测波长270nm。采用紫外分光光度仪比较总黄酮的含量。以淫羊藿苷为标准品,在270nm下测定吸光度,计算朝鲜淫羊藿中的总黄酮的含量。HPLC测定淫羊藿苷在0.1～1.4mg/ml范围呈良好的线性关系。紫外分光光度仪在0.222mg～0.518mg范围内,淫羊藿苷mg数与吸光度A值线性关系良好,平均回收率为101.60%,RSD=2.47%,r=0.9991。淫羊藿饮片经加热炮制后其活性成分淫羊藿苷及总黄酮均有不同程度的下降,说明加热可能促使淫羊藿苷及总黄酮分解。     

不同采收期、不同海拔朝鲜淫羊藿茎中总黄酮含量测定

目的测定不同采收期、不同海拔朝鲜淫羊藿茎中总黄酮含量。方法应用紫外分光光度法，以淫羊藿苷为标准品，在270nm下测定吸光度，计算朝鲜淫羊藿茎中的总黄酮的含量。结果在0．06mg～0．42mg范围内，淫羊藿苷质量（mg）与吸光度A值线性关系良好，平均回收率为101．60％，RSD=2．47％，r=0．9991。不同采收期朝鲜淫羊藿茎：6月16日（3．325％），7月13日（3．738％），8月1日（2．958％），8月17日（2．684％），9月2日（5．526％），9月16日（2．090％），10月2日（3．922％）；不同海拔的朝鲜淫羊藿，海拔629米（3．509％），海拔805米（2．319％），海拔925米（2．777％）。结论随着采收期的不同茎中总黄酮的含量有所变化。本方法简便可靠、快速、重现性好，适用于朝鲜淫羊藿中总黄酮的含量测定，为进一步研究朝鲜淫羊藿质量评价提供了参考数据。     

HPLC法测定不同采收期朝鲜淫羊藿茎中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的:对中药淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的含量分析进行方法学研究,并测定淫羊藿的不同采收期样品茎中淫羊藿苷的含量。方法:采用HPLC技术对7个采收期品种8个样品进行测定,以ODS-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5um)柱为分析柱,流动相为乙腈:水(30:70)流速1 ml/min,UV检测波长270nm。结果:本方法测定淫羊藿苷在0.1～1.4mg/ml范围呈良好的线性关系,不同采收期的淫羊藿茎其淫羊藿苷的含量为0.01667%～0.30985%。结论:由于采收期不同淫羊藿茎中淫羊藿苷的含量差异较大。     

吉林地区淫羊藿理化分析和有机氯类农药残留量分析

目的：了解淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷含量及在种植过程中有机氯类农药残留量。方法：采用2005年版《中国药典》一部中方法对不同产地的6批淫羊藿药材进行理化分析，以高效液相色谱法分析淫羊藿苷含量，以气相色谱法测定有机氯类农药残留量。结果：不同产地的6批药材中总黄酮含量均在7．4％以上，淫羊藿苷含量在0．20％．-0．29％之间。结论：淫羊藿苷的含量偏低     

朝鲜淫羊藿中总黄酮含量测定及其抗氧化活性研究

目的测定朝鲜淫羊藿中总黄酮含量,并研究其抗氧化活性。方法采用醇提法提取供试品,利用紫外可见分光光度法对其进行含量测定.进行体外抗氧化活性实验,并与同等条件下Vc的抗氧化能力进行比较,采用对比实验进行方法总结来研究朝鲜淫羊藿中总黄酮的抗氧化作用。结果本实验在超声提取条件下的提取率为25.84%,朝鲜淫羊藿有较好的抗氧化活性,在同等条件下,其抗氧化活性较Vc稍弱。     

RP-HPLC法测定淫羊藿软胶囊中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的建立测定淫羊藿软胶囊中淫羊藿苷含量的RP-HPLC方法。方法采用Waters Symmetry C18(4.6×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相,流速1.0mL·min^-1,等度洗脱,检测波长300nm,柱温30℃。结果淫羊藿苷在4.03~30.225μg·mL-1范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为A=32.127C-5.2678(r=0.9998);加样回收率(n=6)为99.184%;含量测定结果为9.09mg·g^-1。结论经方法学验证,该法可作为淫羊藿软胶囊质量控制的方法。     

朝鲜淫羊藿林下栽培基地建设可行性分析

为良好地保护朝鲜淫羊藿野生资源,提高药材品质,强化药材的市场地位,提出淫羊藿林下栽培基地建设.本文从药材基原物种特点、现状及市场前景、收益及风险预测等方面分析了朝鲜淫羊藿林下栽培生产的可行性.     

淫羊藿及其林下栽培

淫羊藿为常用补肾壮阳药物,商品淫羊藿有小叶、大叶和箭叶之分,但均可同等入药。主要品种来源为小檗科的淫羊藿(Epi-medium brevicornum Maxim)、箭叶淫羊藿(E.Roreanwm Nakai)。本地主产朝鲜淫羊藿及淫羊藿,故本文观察、调查及栽植的即为淫羊藿及朝鲜淫羊藿,为方便以下简称2者为淫羊藿。1 形态观察 淫羊藿为多年生草本植物,株高30～50cm,根茎横走,生多数须根,上有数颗潜伏芽。茎直立有棱,叶分2回3出复叶,着生茎顶呈明显三分枝,每枝3枚小叶,又称其为三枝九叶草。小叶有长柄,叶片卵形,先端锐尖,基部深心形,歪斜,边缘有刺毛状细锯齿。总状花序,4～6朵小花生于顶端,花淡黄色,瓣4有长矩。蕨果纺锤形,成熟时     

益肾减脂胶囊中淫羊藿苷含量的HPLC方法探索研究

益肾减脂胶囊处方中含有炙淫羊藿药材,淫羊藿苷是其中重要的药味,拟用HPLC测定淫羊藿苷含量,通过探索,确定了测定条件:以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,溶剂为稀乙醇、提取采用超声处理30分钟、流动相为甲醇∶水(53∶47),检测波长为270nm,柱温为40℃,进样量为10μl。     

Formation of microsclerotia ofVerticillium dahliae Kleb. on various plant parts of two potato cultivars

Summary Potato plants of cvs Element and Mirka were artificially infected withV. dahliae in two greenhouse experiments. Leaf blade, petiole, aerial stem, subterranean stem, stolon and root mass were separately harvested both when the canopy was still green and at maturity. After 4 weeks incubation, the plant tissue was air-dried and the numbers of microsclerotia per mg tissue and per plant were determined. The highest numbers of microsclerotia were observed in the haulm when harvest took place at maturity. Cultivar Element yielded significantly more microsclerotia in the haulm than cv. Mirka, whilst there were no cultivar differences in the microsclerotial production on subterranean parts. The petiole and the aerial stem contributed most to the total microsclerotial production, whereas roots were much more important for formation of microsclerotia than stolons.     

Antioxidant activity of some Jordanian medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of diabetes

Medicinal plants are being used extensively in Jordanian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of diabetes symptoms. Twenty one plant samples were collected from different Jordanian locations and used for antioxidant evaluation. The level of antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays in relation to the total phenolic contents of the medically used parts. The most frequently used plant parts as medicines were fruit, shoot and leaves. The total phenolic contents of methanol and aqueous extracts, from plants parts, ranged from 6.6 to 103.0 and 3.0 to 98.6 GAE mg g(-1) of plant part dry weight, respectively. DPPH-TEAC of the methanol extracts of plants parts were varied from 4.1 to 365.0 mg g(-1) of plant dry weight versus 0.6 to 267.0 mg g(-1) in aqueous extracts. Moreover, the mean values of ABTS*- (IC50) varied from 6.9 to 400.0 microg dry weight mL(-1) ABTS in methanol extracts versus 9.8 to 580.5 microg mL(-1) in aqueous extracts. According to their antioxidant capacity, the plants were divided into three categories: high (DPPH-TEAC > or = 80 mg g(-1) ), (i.e., Punica granatum peel, Quercus calliprinos leave, Quercus calliprinos fruit, Cinchona ledgeriana and Juniperus communis leave), moderate (DPPH-TEAC range 20-80 mg g(-1)) (i.e., Salvia fruticosa shoot, Crataegus azarolus stem, Crataegus azarolus leave, Varthemia iphionoides shoot, Artemisia herba-alba shoot, Thymus capitatus shoot, Morus nigra leaves and Arum palaestinum leaves) and low antioxidant plants (DPPH-TEAC < 20 mg g(-1)), (i.e., Matricaria aurea shoot, Artemisia judaica shoot, Teucrium polium shoot, Pinus halepenss pollen grains, Sarcopoterium spinosum root, Crataegus azarolus fruit, Inula viscose shoot and Achillea fragrantissima shoot). The antioxidant activity of these plant's extracts and their potential rule in radical scavenging agreed with their potential use by Jordanian population as a traditional anti-diabetic agents.     

施硼对双低油菜皖油10号氮磷钾硼的吸收及分配的影响

皖油10号不同施硼水平田间试验结果表明，苗期各器官NPK含量、蕾薹期各器官PK含量、盛花期花蕾和茎NP含量及各器官含B量、成熟期角果和籽粒含K量均随施B量增加（0～0．6mp／kg）而升高，再增加施B量，各元素含量均下降。籽粒NPB含量亦如此，其最大施B量为0．7mg／kg。蕾薹期和盛花期各器官含B量及叶含N量、花蕾含K量均随施B量增加而升高，而苗期植株含B量和盛花期根含N量、茎叶含K量却相反。不同生育期各元素分布是地上部分＞根，其地上部分在盛花期各元素分布是花蕾＞叶＞茎；在成熟期NP主要集中于籽粒，角果次之；KB主要集中于角果，籽粒和茎次之。     

云南民营橡胶树籽苗芽接技术引进与试验推广

西双版纳2008年成功引进橡胶树籽苗芽接技术，并已向生产推广。籽苗芽接用播种后约2周的种子籽苗芽接，苗圃培育7～10个月，可育成2～4篷叶、茎干直径0．4Cm以上的成苗；苗木定植成活率高，雨季定植可达99．85％；植后恢复生长快，植后6月龄7篷植株可达19．73％，降低了生产成本和芽接劳动强度，提高了苗圃单位面积生产率。     

Rutin from different parts of Capparis spinosa growing wild in Khuzestan/Iran

A qualitative and quantitative analysis of rutin from leaves, fruits and flowers of Capparis spinosa growing wild in Khuzestan was achieved. After soxhelet extraction of fats in diethyl ether, rutin was extracted by maceration using 50% EtOH. The ethanol extracts of these parts were separated by preparative TLC on silica gel precoated plate with a mixture of butanol: acetic acid (4:1, by volume) as the developing solvent. The spots were visualized under ultraviolet light (254 nm). Rutin was qualified by comparison of its R(f) value with that of standard. UV/Vis spectrum of separated rutin was also compared with those of standards and showed characteristic wavelengths at 260 and 360 nm. Purified rutin was quantified by UV/Vis spectrophotometric determination at 360 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.156-2.5 microg mL(-1) with detection limit of 0.0731 microg mL(-1). The purity of extracted rutin from leave, flower and fruit determined by high performance liquid chromatography were 90.41, 87.25 and 64.56%, respectively. The amounts of rutin in leaves, fruits and flowers were 61.09, 6.03 and 43.72 mg per 100 g of dried powder, respectively. By analyzing the spiked samples of leave, flower and fruit the recovery of the UV/Vis method was in the range of 102-107.6%.     

玉米不同部位秸秆腐解特征及其影响因素研究

采用尼龙网袋法,研究不同还田方式(覆盖、深埋)、不同还田环境(室内高温环境、生产田自然环境)条件下,不同秸秆长度(10 cm、20 cm、30 cm、40 cm)、不同植株部位(茎、叶、穗轴)秸秆的腐解规律及其相互影响作用,探索适宜当地生产和生态条件的玉米秸秆还田方式。结果表明,玉米茎秆腐解过程总体呈"快-慢-快-慢"趋势,两年腐解率达62.10%～73.23%;玉米叶还田的腐解规律表现为前期快后期慢,第一个月腐解率达22.80%～40.78%。秸秆腐解速率显著受秸秆部位、还田环境、还田深度及秸秆长度影响,且各影响因素间交互作用对秸秆腐解速率影响显著(P0.01)。不同部位秸秆腐解速率常数k差异较大。在本试验条件下,小秸秆深埋还田最有利于秸秆腐解。     

Effect of planting date on growth, development, aerial biomass partitioning and essential oil productivity of wild marigold (Tagetes minuta) in mid hills of Indian western Himalaya

A field investigation was conducted at the Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur during the year 2005 to study the effect of planting dates on duration of growth and development in wild marigold (Tagetes minuta). Duration of growth phases (vegetative phase to budding phase and budding phase to 50% flowering phase), aerial biomass partitioning and essential oil production were analysed. Plantings were done in seven consequent meteorological standard weeks (MSWs) starting from the 30th MSW (30 July–5 August). Planting time coincided with distinct changes in weather parameters and consequently significant variation in the performance of the crop. The results indicated that the crop planted in the 30th and 31st MSW had the longest duration of growth and highest aerial biomass. But it partitioned more biomass towards the stem, whereas the crop planted in the 35th MSW produced significantly less biomass than the former and partitioned more towards leaf and flower and had maximum essential oil content and production. The crop planted at the 36th MSW had the minimum field duration of growth of 50 days, but the partitioning towards leaf and flower were higher than the longest field duration of growth (30th MSW). The study clearly indicated that planting dates had profound influence on growth and development of T. minuta as reflected from the significant variation on growth phase duration, aerial biomass partitioning, herb and essential oil yield.     

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium growing wild in Iran

Studies were conducted to investigate the composition of essential oil of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) growing wild in Iran. The wormwood aerial parts were harvested in full blooming time from an area between Deylaman and Asiabar villages, at Alborz altitudes in Guilan province in September 2005. Aerial parts were dried at shade (room temperature) for several days and their essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. Results showed that essential oil yield was 1.3%. Twenty eight components representing 93.3% of the oil were identified, which were mostly monoterpenes. beta-pinene and beta-thujone were the main components, which their contents were 23.8 and 18.6% respectively. The largest part of the essential oil was formed by hydrocarbon monoterpenes (47.8%). The results proved that chemotype of the studied wormwood essential oil was specific and different from other wormwood essential oil chemotypes, which have been reported so far.     

Anti-Proliferative Properties,Biocompatibility, and Chemical Composition of Different Extracts of Plantago major Medicinal Plant

Background:To study the anticancer activity of Plantago major, we assessed the effect of ethanolic, methanolic and acetonic extracts of this plant on HCT-116, SW-480, and HEK-293 cell lines as control. Methods:The cytotoxic activity, biocompatibility, and toxicity were evaluated by MTT assay, hemolysis, and Artemia salina-LD₅₀ (on mice) tests, respectively. The analysis of the extracts was performed by GC-MS analysis. Results:The results showed that all the extracts had the most antiproliferative properties on the HCT-116 cell line. The P. major root extract was more effective than the aerial parts, and IC₅₀ values for ethanolic, methanolic and acetonic root extracts were 405.59, 470.16, and 82.26 µg/mL, respectively on HCT-116 cell line at 72 h. Hemolysis degree of the ethanolic extract of aerial and root parts were approximately 1% at 400 μg/mL.. Using the ethanolic extracts, the Artemia survived every concentration, and no toxicity was observed. One week after the oral administration of different parts of P. major extracts, none of the mice died, even those were administered 2000 mg/kg. The results of GC/MS analysis showed that P. major extracts contain potential anticancer compounds, such as stearic acid (8.61%) in aerial parts of methanolic extract and 1,2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester (88.07% and 40.63%) in aerial and root parts of acetonic extract of P. major. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the P. major is a source of potential compounds with antiproliferative properties. Key Words: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HCT-116 cells, Hemolysis, Lethal dose 50