兽医要重视消毒工作

消毒在防疫灭病过程中是一项十分必要和重要的工作。传染病的发生和流行都要具备传染源、传播途径、易感动物(人)三个环节,缺一不可。而消毒工作则正是切断传播途径和消灭传染来源的重要手段。因此,消毒是预防和控制传染病发生和传播的有力措施。在一定意义上,消毒工作能反应出一个国家医学管理的水平。     

谈畜禽养殖场消毒应注意的问题

在畜禽养殖生产中,科学消毒是杀灭病原微生物防止疫病发生的重要手段,但是在农村从事畜禽养殖的农户由于缺乏科学消毒的相关知识导致对科学消毒不重视、消毒不科学,使消毒效果大打折扣,起不到杀灭病原微生物、切断疫病传播途径的效果,更谈不上防止畜禽疫病的发生.     

猪场科学消毒的主要方法和注意事项

消毒是指用物理、化学或生物学的方法杀死病原体等有害微生物,以切断疾病传播途径,防止疾病发生和蔓延的一种有效手段。本文就猪场主要消毒方法和注意事项展开论述,以供业内人士借鉴。     

养鸡户如何做好消毒工作的几点提示

消毒是指消除或杀灭由传染源排到外界环境中的病原体,它是切断传播途径、防止传染病的发生和蔓延的一项重要措施.消毒工作说来容易,做起来却很困难.对于养鸡户来说,掌握正确的消毒方法、消毒措施及注意事项,搞好消毒工作,可大大降低鸡群的发病率,减少经济损失.     

猪场消毒技术

<正>传染病的发生主要有3个关键环节,即传染源、传播途径和易感动物。消毒是预防传染病发生的一种重要手段,对预防传染病的发生具有重要作用。它可以消灭传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感动物。养猪场特别是规模化养猪场消毒技术的好坏直接关系着养殖效益。下面简要介绍一下养猪场消毒技术。1消毒剂的选择消毒剂种类包括:过氧化物类消毒剂(如过氧乙酸、高锰     

畜禽养殖消毒技术（上）

消毒是指用物理、化学或生物学的方法消除或杀灭畜禽体表、及其生活环境、以及相关物品中的病原微生物的过程。消毒的目的是切断传播途径,预防和控制传染病的发生和传播,因此,消毒是一项非常重要的基础工作。过去,由于种种原因,许多教材或培训讲座中,对消毒一事语焉不详,仅一笔带过。因此,养殖户对     

生猪疫病防治关键——消毒

<正>消毒工作是杀灭病原体,净化饲养环境的重要手段,是疫病防控的重要环节。做好消毒工作,能够切断疫病传播途径,减少生猪疫病的发生和流行,提高猪肉的质量和养猪生产的经济效益。1消毒工作存在误区1.1未发生疫情不消毒,消毒是处理疫情的措施尽管平时没有发生疫情,也应做好消毒工作。消毒不仅是处     

关于养殖场消毒的注意事项

正说起养殖场消毒,许多人会觉得是非常简单的事情,但如果问到一些消毒的细节问题,有的人就有点搞不清楚了。消毒可以切断传播途径,是控制传染病发生的重要的手段之一,在养殖过程中是非常关键的,怎么做能达到最佳的消毒效果呢?下面我们就来说说关于养殖场消毒需要注意的事项。消毒是利用化学品或其他方法消灭大部份微生物,使常见的致病病原数目减少到安全的水平,传染病消毒是用物理或化学方法消灭停留在不同的传播媒介物上的病原体,藉以切断传     

猪舍消毒的方法有哪些

消毒是为了消灭外界环境中的病原微生物,切断传播途径,防止传染病发生和蔓延.春夏季节是猪瘟、猪传染性胃肠炎、猪流行性腹泻、猪流感、猪传染性胸膜肺炎等疫病的流行季节,作好栏舍消毒工作尤为重要.     

近几年我省动物防疫消毒工作的回忆与思考

动物防疫消毒是消灭动物疫病传染源,切断传播途径,防止动物疫病发生蔓延的重要手段。防疫消毒简便易行,较小的投入可以带来巨大的社会效益和经济效益。近几年,我省动物防疫监督机构在各级政府领导下,不断提高对防疫消毒工作重要意义的认识、学习、推广外省和本地区消毒工作的先进经验,制定消毒工作的规范性文件,开展防     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.