信息之窗

专项整治肉食品市场 国家工商行政管理总局近日发出紧急通知，要开展一次肉食品市场专项整治。通知指出：要采取切实有效措施，尽快解决肉食品市场存在的突出问题。一是要对肉食品生产、加工和经销企业进行一次全面清理。凡未取得生猪定点屠宰资格和“卫生许可证”的一律不予办     

关于加强元旦春节期间畜产品水产品安全管理工作的通知

为确保两节期间的肉食品安全和广大人民群众身体健康 ,2002年12月18日农业部下发了《关于加强元旦春节期间畜产品水产品安全管理工作的通知》(农牧发[2002]31号 ) ,要求加强两节期间畜产品、水产品卫生安全管理事项。本刊予以刊登 ,供大家学习执行 !     

乐都县肉食品安全监管工作中存在的问题与建议

肉食品安全是世界各国共同关注的话题,肉食品质量的好坏直接关系到人民群众的身体健康和生命安全。所以,加强肉食品安全监管工作已日益显示出其重要性和紧迫性。     

利辛县生猪定点屠宰和肉食品检疫工作的调查与思考

肉类食品安全，特别是生猪肉类食品的安全问题，日益成为人民群众普遍关心的热点问题。加强生猪定点屠宰执法检查，确保生猪肉类市场安全，直接关系到人民群众的生活质量，身体健康乃至生命安全,关系到经济发展和社会稳定，为此。笔者针对利辛县的生猪肉类市场现状和肉食品检疫工作进行了调查和总结。     

澄江县生猪定点屠宰场管理具体做法的探讨

肉食品关系到人民群众身体健康、经济发展、社会稳定,加强生猪定点屠宰场管理和严把检疫关是让消费者吃上"放心肉"的关键,是全面实施食品安全工程的重要组成部分。对澄江县生猪定点屠宰场管理存在的问题进行分析,管理措施在原来管理基础上进行了改进,提出监管措施探讨,规范生猪定点屠宰场的管理行为,确保肉食品的安全。     

放心肉和私宰肉的辨别方法

猪肉产品关系到人民群众的身体健康安全,而且生猪产品历来是人民群众最为主要的肉食品来源之一,因此各地各级政府对肉食品安全问题都尤为重视,而私宰的生猪产品是没有经过动物卫生监督部门的检疫就流入市场的,对人民群众的身体健康安全造成严重的威胁.本文就日常工作中总结了一些放心肉和私宰肉的辨别方法,以其为各位同行和广大消费者提供参考和借鉴.     

肉食品必须加强检疫检验

肉食品检疫检验是关系到民生的大事,切不可疏忽和马虎,更不能懈怠。改革开放带来的肉品市场放开,加之我国地域辽阔,各地在落实肉品检疫检验工作情况还缺乏平衡发展态势,对落实肉食品检疫检验制度态度不一,致使对肉食品检疫检验工作存有很多问题。这些存在问题为改善肉食品必须加强检疫检验留下了理由。从国家管理角度看,必须加强对肉食品的检疫检验工作,否则,人民的肉食品安全将很难得到保障,国家对外贸易出口肉食品的国际信誉也将受到毁损,因此,强化对肉食品的检疫检验工作势在必行。     

关于加强春季动物防疫工作的通知

编者按为加强春季动物防疫工作,保证春节期间人民群众肉食品卫生安全,农业部近日向各地发出农牧发［2000］1号通知,部署全国春季动物防疫工作。通知要求各地要加强动物疫病防治,强化动物检疫工作,全面落实和加强各项动物防疫监督管理措施。通知特别强调对于运出县境、出口以及供应港澳的动物及其产品,必须查验是否具备动物防疫监督机构出具的动物检疫合格证明和消毒证明,违青严格按照《动物防疫法》及有关规定严肃处理,坚决堵塞防疫工作中的漏洞,提高肉类卫生质量,确保出日和供港澳动物及产品的卫生安全,这对当前各地开展动物防…     

慈溪市实施"放心肉"工程的几点做法

为满足全市人民群众肉食品消费的需求,保障市民身体健康,平抑市场肉价,真正使全市人民吃上"放心肉",市政府及各职能部门一手抓生猪生产的发展,一手抓生猪流通领域的管理,确保了我市"放心肉"工程的顺利开展.     

浅谈家禽屠宰加工的兽医卫生监督

正家禽屠宰加工行业一边连着养殖,一边连着肉食品消费,是禽产品进入市场流通、摆上百姓餐桌前的关键一环。加强对家禽屠宰加工兽医卫生监督,对保障人民群众禽产品消费安全意义重大。笔者从家禽屠宰加工的卫生要求、家禽的宰前管理与检疫、家禽的宰后检疫和家禽屠宰检疫对象的鉴定等方面详细阐述了家禽屠宰加工兽医卫生监督内容,旨在为实际工作者提供参考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。