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蔡永惠 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2001,31(2):47-47
我们于1995──1999年间共诊治犊牛下痢42例。其中出生后2~9 日龄发病16例,占总发病率的38.1%;10~30日龄发病18例,占 42.9%;1个月以上发病的8例,占19%。治愈38例,治愈率为90.5%;死亡4例,死亡率为9.5%。通过42例的临床观察,对其发病原因,临床症状及治疗经过,做一系统的归纳分析:1 发病原因1.1 初乳喂饲过迟,胎便排出时间推迟,是引起下痢的重要原因之一。新生犊牛体质弱,喂饲过晚,铁盐不足等引起胃肠蠕动弛缓,胎便迟迟不能排出,初乳在胃肠内不能很好消化,停留时间… 相似文献
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下痢是犊牛的常见疾病,是犊牛胃肠机能紊乱,食物不能很好消化所致。在春秋两季及气候多变时易发,以腹泻为主症,死亡率较高。1病因犊牛的饲养管理不当,如畜舍不卫生,阴冷,潮湿,不勤换垫草;雨淋,犊牛卧地腹部受凉;舔食牛栏和脏草,补饲草料不洁,变质;周围环境没有定期清扫、消毒,均可导致本病发生。母牛患乳房炎,乳质量差,营养不良,犊牛体质弱,抗病力差,也是致病原因。2症状病初精神不振,食欲下降,频频排出粘稠稀便,继而排水样便,有时粪中混有絮状粘液和血液,味腥臭。病犊腹部卷缩,喜卧。中期腹泻加剧,排出混有肠粘膜和血液的水样便。肠音高朗,… 相似文献
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犊牛出生后因感染大肠杆菌,沙门氏杆菌(在牛一般由于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌及都伯林沙门氏菌感染)等,可引起伴有败血症状的肠炎及下痢。由于真胃疾病,哺乳器不清洁,人工喂乳时牛奶温度低于室温,舐食污物,饲喂过饱,饲料中蛋白质含量过高等也可导致犊牛下痢的发生。1症状病初,犊牛发生腹泻,而后体温升高到40℃以上,通常24~72小时内由于虚脱而死亡。当胃肠道炎症时,由于肠壁丧失本身防御能力和吸收能力,肠壁在持续的炎症刺激下,犊牛呈现里急后重,小肠蠕动亢进,在粪中往往可以发现大量不消化的饲料或乳凝块,而初乳脂肪分解所形成的大量脂肪,由于胆汁缺… 相似文献
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腹泻是犊牛最常见的临床问题之一,严重影响犊牛健康和养殖业的发展。本文介绍了加强产房接产管理、初乳质量检测、初乳消毒与饲喂的标准化管理以及免疫球蛋白转移对预防犊牛腹泻的详细内容;重点介绍了犊牛三种营养缺乏引起腹泻的临床症状、病理变化与防控要点;全面介绍了轮状病毒性腹泻、大肠杆菌病腹泻、沙门菌病腹泻、小球隐孢子虫病腹泻和球虫病性腹泻的症状、诊断与防控要点;为规模化牧场兽医全面掌握犊牛腹泻的防控提供理论依据与技术支持。 相似文献
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本文分别从西医和中医的角度把犊牛腹泻病归纳为营养性腹泻和传染性腹泻;乳伤泄泻、湿热泄泻和脾虚泄泻等类型.并对该病的临床症状、发病原因、预防措施、治疗方法等进行了较为详细论述,以期对实际生产具有全面的指导作用. 相似文献
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为了探究山西某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻病的发病原因及相应的综合防治措施,本研究通过对该场犊牛腹泻病发病情况进行调查,同时对可疑病原轮状病毒、冠状病毒、大肠杆菌F5(K99)、小球隐孢子虫、沙门氏菌进行实验室检测,分离并培养了可疑病原菌,并对该病原菌进行形态学和血清学鉴定,选取18种常见抗生素,通过药敏试验筛选对该菌敏感的抗生素。结果显示,经临床诊断和实验室检测基本排除大肠杆菌F5(K99)、轮状病毒、冠状病毒、小球隐孢子虫和球虫感染的可能性,分离的可疑菌具有沙门氏菌的菌落特征和细菌形态,并与沙门氏菌O多价血清A-F呈现阳性反应,确诊该病原主要为沙门氏菌。药敏试验结果显示,所分离的沙门氏菌对头孢曲松、庆大霉素、头孢拉定、阿米卡星等药物高度敏感,可推荐用于临床治疗。结合以上结果,本研究提出该病的具体防治措施,并取得了较好的防治效果。本研究初步为犊牛腹泻病中沙门氏菌病的诊断和防治提供了参考,对犊牛腹泻病病原的早期诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义。 相似文献
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ZHANG Shu-dong LI Hao WAN Qiang XU Fa-rong JUMABIEKE Xialabayi PAN Bao-liang 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(8):2424-2430
This study was aimed to explore the pathogenesis of calf diarrhea in a large scale dairy farm in Shanxi province and the correspond comprehensive prevention and control measures. By investigating the incidence of calf diarrhea in the field, rotavirus, coronavirus,E. coli F5 (K99),Cryptosporidium parvum, coccidia and Salmonella were detected through experimental diagnosis, and the suspicious pathogenic bacteria was isolated and cultivated,which was identified with morphology and serology, simultaneously sensitive antibiotics were screened according to the antibiotic susceptibility tests, which contained 18 kinds of common antibiotics. The results showed that the clinical diagnosis and laboratory tests basically ruled out the possibility of E. coli F5 (K99), rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium parvumand coccidia infection, and the isolated suspected bacteria had Salmonella colony characteristics and bacterial morphology, which showed positive reaction to Salmonella O polyvalent A-F serum, so we had identified that it was Salmonella diarrhea.The antibiotic susceptibility tests results showed that Salmonella was highly sensitive to ceftriaxone, gentamicin, cephradine and amikacin, which could be recommended for clinical treatment. Above all, this study proposed the specific prevention and treatment of the disease, and better control effect was achieved. This study initially provided a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Salmonella of calf diarrhea, with great clinical significance in the early diagnosis and treatment of pathogens of calf diarrhea. 相似文献
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Alan D. Weldon DVM N. S. Moise DVM W. C. Rebhun DVM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(5):294-297
Hyperkalemia has been associated with cardiac abnormalities and muscular disorders. Hyperkalemia is a common problem associated with the acid-base and electrolyte disturbances that occur in neonatal calves having acute diarrhea. Occasional calves with acute neonatal diarrhea, metabolic acidosis, and hyperkalemia have cardiac rate or rhythm abnormalities. Bradycardia observed in three such calves was found to represent atrial standstill and was attributed to hyperkalemia. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1992; 6:294–297) 相似文献
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2022年3月,河南省某规模化奶牛养殖场发生一起新生犊牛腹泻病例,在流行病学调查、临床症状观察、病理剖检的基础上,采集6头腹泻犊牛的新鲜粪便进行了寄生虫卵检查、小球隐孢子虫、牛轮状病毒、冠状病毒、大肠杆菌K99抗体检测,血液样品进行了牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗原检测,组织样品进行了细菌分离。结果表明牛轮状病毒抗原6头阳性,阳性率100%;冠状病毒抗原4头阳性、2头阴性,阳性率66.7%;其他病原均为阴性。根据临床症状、病理变化和实验室检测结果,确诊该病例为牛冠状病毒和轮状病毒混合感染引起的犊牛腹泻。根据诊断结果,采取了改善饲养管理、补液、收敛、止泻等综合性防治措施,疫情得到了有效的控制,为临床防治犊牛腹泻提供了参考。 相似文献
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Calf diarrhea is a kind of digestive tract disease caused by a variety of pathogenies, which has a great impact on the survival, growth and development of calves. Escherichia coli, bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus and other pathogens often cause diarrhea in calves, in addition, the secondary infection and mixed infection also occurre in different pathogens, which lead to great difficulty for prevention of calf diarrhea. A variety of vaccines have been developed for the prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea at home and abroad. Now, except only minor commercial calf diarrhea vaccines have been found in abroad, there is no one multivalent commercial calf diarrhea vaccine in China. Based on previous study, the progress of pathogens and vaccines for calf diarrhea were elaborated in the study, which could provide exploitation references for the commercial calf diarrhea vaccine in China. 相似文献