Seed germination of Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. in Bangladesh: a basis for seed source variation and pre-sowing treatment effect

An experiment in seed morphology and seed germination techniques of Albizia procera was carried out in the nursery of the Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline,Khulna University,Bangladesh in order to discover the source variation in seeds and pre-sowing treatment effects on seed germination.Mature seeds of A.procera were collected from healthy trees in home garden plantations from five different districts in Bangladesh and treated with four pre-sowing treatments,i.e.,control,immersion in cold water (4°C for 24 h)and immersion in hot water(80°C for 10 min and 100°C for 1 min).The average length,width and thickness of seeds were calculated as 0.502±0.485,0.420±0.060 and 0.191±0.118 cm,respectively.Germination was conducted in poly-bags with a mixture of topsoil and cow dung in a ratio of 3:1.The results revealed that pre-sowing treatments affected the rate of germination of seeds,which significantly increased the germination percentages of seeds in hot water treatments compared with those in control (60.60%)and the cold water treatment(4°C for 24 h,63.53%).The highest germination success was 82.07%in the treatment of immersion in hot water(80°C)for 10 min,followed by 79.00%in immersion in hot water(100°C)for 1 min.Germination started 4 to 6 days after seed sowing and completed in a period of 22 to 25 days in all treatments.ANOVAs showed statistically significant differences(p0.05)in seed germination starting dates,closing dates,germination percentages and rates of germination among treatments,but no significant differences in seed germination starting dates,closing dates,germination period,germination percentages and rates of germination among the seed sources.The study also revealed that the interaction between seed source variation and treatment effect significantly differed in seed germination starting dates,closing dates,germination percentages and rates of germination. The hot water(100°C for 1 min)treatment is recommended for seed germination of A.procera in rural Bangladesh.     

假叶树的组织培养

在假叶树组织培养过程中,各种激素的质量浓度;在愈伤组织阶段,细胞分裂素ＺＴ以１．０、生长素ＮＡＡ以０．３为宜;分化阶段,细胞分裂素ＢＡ以１．０或ＺＴ以０．５、生长素ＮＡＡ以０．１为宜;生根阶段以０．３％活性炭,不加任何激素重要有效果最好。     

优良白桦单株离体繁殖性状的筛选

用已建立的白桦离体再生培养体系，对10个优良白桦母树单株的腋芽进行离体培养，比较其腋芽再生和愈伤组织再生情况，分析单株间无性繁殖的变异情况。结果表明：10个无性系的腋芽启动率都较低，差异不是很大，均在50％～60％，其中m-8和m-1启动率较低，但在腋芽增殖和植株再生途径中，长势都较其它无性系好，所以选择m-8和m-1号无性系用于工厂化育苗、造林和生产需要。     

黑果枸杞组织培养研究

以黑果枸杞成熟种子为外植体,萌发无菌苗后诱导愈伤组织及不定芽分化获得再生植株,建立黑果枸杞组织培养体系。结果表明,MS培养基适合黑果枸杞种子萌发与生长,诱导种子萌发成无菌苗的培养基为MS+6-BA1. 0 mg/L+GA_3 0. 5 mg/L;无菌苗脱分化形成愈伤组织适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA 1. 0 mg/L+NAA 0. 1 mg/L,诱导率80%,平均丛生芽数25株;诱导愈伤组织分化和生长适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA 0. 4 mg/L+NAA 0. 1 mg/L;适宜的生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0. 3 mg/L+NAA 0. 2 mg/L.     

山苍子不同外植体的组织培养

以山苍子的不同外植体为材料,对其进行组织培养的试验结果表明：芽的萌动最早,且成活率高,生长时间短,诱导效率高达63.7％;茎的愈伤形成率为53．0％;叶的则为10．3％,且生长速度慢,极易褐变。可见,芽适合于作为快速繁殖材料,茎则需先形成愈伤组织再诱导植株再生,叶的诱导效果较差。     

芫花愈伤组织的分化与植株再生

以芫花半木质化枝条腋芽为材料,对芜花的组织培养进行了初步研究。结果表明,芜花外植体在MS＋BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L培养基中可脱分化产生大量愈伤组织;芫花愈伤组织分化成芽和不定芽增殖的适宜培养基分别为MS＋ZT2．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L和MS＋ZT1．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L;而芫花试管苗不定根诱导则以100mg／LNAA预处理10h后再在MS培养基中培养效果较优。     

植物组织培养快速繁殖类型综述

应用植物组织培养方法进行快速繁殖,具有繁殖速度快、能保持植株的优良性状等优点。其繁殖类型有无菌扦插、器官发生、器官直接转变型、胚状体发生和原球茎等类型。指出了组织培养快速繁殖技术目前存在的主要问题。     

濒危植物峨眉拟单性木兰茎段腋芽及愈伤组织诱导

以峨眉拟单性木兰带芽茎段为外植体,MS、WPM、B5为基本培养基,添加不同浓度的细胞分裂素(6-BA)和生长素(IBA、NAA、2,4-D),以不同浓度组合进行腋芽和愈伤组织的诱导.结果表明,基本培养基的类型是腋芽诱导的主要影响因素,以高盐浓度的培养基B5效果较好,MS次之,细胞分裂素的浓度与生长素的比值为15∶1时较适合腋芽的诱导,比值调整为5∶1时有利于茎的伸长生长;愈伤组织的诱导中6-BA起主导作用,其次是2,4-D,再者是基本培养基和NAA,其中2,4-D浓度过高不利于愈伤组织的诱导.     

蓝莓的组织培养及快速繁殖

对蓝莓的组培快繁技术进行了研究。结果表明:茎段在1/3MS+BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L+ZT1.5mg/L培养基上继代一次即可出苗,繁苗系数8倍以上;生根培养以1/4MS+IBA0.5mg/L培养基为最好,生根率达100%,并且每株可达5～10条根;移栽基质以腐苔藓为最好,成活率达80%以上。     

珙桐组织培养研究

分别以MS、N6和B5为基本培养基,添加NAA与6-BA不同浓度组合于培养基中,以珙桐的叶片、茎、芽为外植体,诱导愈伤组织。结果表明:N6培养基的诱导愈伤效果略好于MS培养基和B5培养基,但效果不显著。同时使用NAA和6-BA时,以NAA2.0 mg/L加6-BA1.0 mg/L时效果较好。叶片、茎、芽3种外植体以芽诱导愈伤组织效果最明显。     

Research advances in genetics and breeding of Populus davidiana Dode in China

IntroductionBreedingofChineseaspen(Populusd8vjdtanaDode)inChinastartedin195O'swhenthefirstcrossingsweremadebyProfessorYiPeizhongin1946attheagriculturecollegeofChinacenter(Yi1955)andXuWeiyingin1954attheChineseforestryresearchinstitute(XuandHuangetal.1956).CrossingwasmadebetweenPOoUPIushOPej8nsiSandPd8vha8na,Pd8VdenaandPsdrionIjDuringtheperiod196o-197o,greatattentionwaspaidtothehybridizationbetWeenPOPulUsgenusorraces(Han1995).Themosteffective,systematicresearchworkbegantodeveIopsin…     

粉枝莓的组织培养与植株再生

利用粉枝莓的茎段和幼嫩叶片作为外植体，研究了不同激素水平对诱导产生愈伤组织、芽和根及完成植株再生的影响。试验结果表明：MS 6-BA0.5 NAA0.2培养基对诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化效果最佳，1/2MS IBA0.3对促进生根效果较好，在两步移栽法中，移栽存活率分别为94％和98％。     

Research advances in genetics and breeding ofpopulus davidiana dode in China

In this paper a general introduction is given to research advances in genetics improvement and breeding of Chinese aspen (Populus davidiana Dode) in China. This introduction includes natural distribution and collection, conservation, gene diversity, provenance trial, crossing breeding, vegetative propagation and disease resistant etc. Based on the current situation of forest tree breeding in China, some strategic suggestions concerning the future development of Chinese aspen genetics improvement in China are presented, taking into consideration the existing domestic demands of forestry production and international trends in forest tree breeding. Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai     

钟花樱组织培养再生体系的建立

对钟花樱组织培养再生体系进行研究,结果表明,BA／NAA约为10时,即取BA 0．8-1．0mg／L,NAA0．08- 0．1mg/L(单位下同),对芽的诱导有较好的效果,培养基组合为MS BA 1．0 NAA0．1。在芽的增殖与伸长方面,筛选出较优的培养基组合为1／2MS 6-BA 1．0 NAA0．1 GA30．5 肌醇25,芽的增殖系数为4．7,芽均高1．314 cm。在此基础上通过5次连续继代培养,芽的增殖系数达到了7．31,丛生芽诱导率81．0％。钟花樱根的诱导试验表明, 通过暗培养3 d,以1／2MS NAA 0．2 IBA 0．8 6-BA 0．01的培养成份组合最适宜根的诱导,生根率达90％。试验中低浓度的细胞分裂素6-BA对提高生根率是必要的。     

大马士革蔷薇的组织培养与快速繁殖

以大马士革蔷薇的当年生枝条为外植体,研究了不同浓度6-BA和NAA外源激素配比组合对其离体培养的影响,结果表明：适宜的诱导腋芽培养基为MS＋BA0．4mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L;继代增殖培养基为MS＋BA0．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L;生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA0．3mg／L。     

驱蚊香草的组织培养和快速繁殖

以驱蚊香草幼嫩枝条为外植体,进行离体培养,获得再生植株,通过这个过程,得出有利于芽诱导、增殖、诱导生根的最佳配方,为驱蚊香草快速繁殖,规模化生产打下技术基础。     

苦丁茶的组培快繁研究

以苦丁茶茎段为外植体进行离体培养,诱导出愈伤组织且腋芽分化出芽的指数在3以上。结果表明：①初代培养以MS BA1.0mg／L(单位下同) KT1．0 IBA0.2较好;②增殖培养以MS BA0．5 IBA0．1 NAA0．2表现较好;③生根培养以1／2MS NAA0．2 IBA0．1 活性碳0．5％较好;④采取沙 培养土两层基质进行炼苗,幼苗成活率高且生长健壮。     

云南松成熟胚的离体培养

采用云南松(yunnanensis)成熟胚为外植体,培养室温度为25±4℃,培养基的蔗糖浓度为8％。以 1／2MS为基本培养基,在BA0．5-2．0mg／L+NAA0．5-1．5mg／L的激素配比范围内,可诱导离体胚产生愈伤组织及不定芽。外植体愈伤组织的诱导率达80％,由愈伤组织诱导不定芽,其分化率达17．8％。研究结果表明,激素的种类和浓度对外植体愈伤组织及不定芽的诱导起主要作用。     

板栗组培过程中褐变研究初探

通过研究板栗组织培养过程中愈伤组织过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性，结果表明，在板栗愈伤组织培养过程中多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性与培养材料的褐变程度有一定的相关性，酶活性高，愈伤组织褐变严重。但过氧化物酶(POD)与褐变的关系不明显。通过在培养基中添加不同浓度的活性炭、抗坏血酸，以及培养于不同光照条件和不同培养温度，能够有效抑制多酚氧化酶的活性，减轻褐变程度，提高愈伤组织的产量和质量。     

草珊瑚组培快繁技术研究

4—10月分别剪取草珊瑚当年生带腋芽的半木质化枝条作为外植体,开展组织培养试验研究。结果表明:草珊瑚最理想的外植体为4—5月半木质化枝条的基部茎段;外植体最佳诱导培养基为B5+0.8 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.3 mg·L^-1 NAA;最佳增殖培养基为B5+3.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA,平均增殖系数为6.82;最佳生根培养基为1/2B5+0.8 mg·L^-1 IBA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA,生根率为100%,根数可达6.51;以腐殖土∶椰糠∶珍珠岩∶泥土=5∶2∶1∶2为移栽基质,移栽成活率可达94%,组培苗长势好,叶色浓绿,植株健壮。