金光菊种子萌发影响因素研究

为促进金光菊在成都地区的高效栽培和推广应用,以金光菊种子为试材,采用单因素随机区组试验设计,探讨了不同植物激素处理、温水浸种、温度和光照条件对金光菊种子萌发的影响。结果表明:在试验的3种激素处理中,200mg·L-1 GA3浸种处理的种子发芽率和发芽势达到了最大值,分别为62.4%和57.4%;50℃温水处理24h金光菊种子发芽效果最好,其发芽率和发芽势分别达到64.2%和59.6%,显著高于对照;金光菊发芽的最适温度为25℃;金光菊种子是一种需光种子,全光照条件下进行催芽处理,金光菊种子的发芽率和发芽势达到了最高值,且显著高于其它处理和对照。     

不同催芽方式对紫薇种子萌发的影响

以紫薇种子为材料,采用冷水浸泡2d、40℃恒温水浴24h、50℃恒温水浴12h、55℃恒温水浴30min 4种不同催芽方式对种子进行处理,利用人工气候箱进行发芽试验,研究了不同催芽方式对紫薇种子发芽的影响。试验结果证明,55℃恒温水浴30min的催芽方式种子发芽率最高,发芽势较高;40℃恒温水浴的催芽方式种子发芽势最高,但发芽率最低;50℃恒温水浴12h的催芽方式种子发芽率和发芽势都极低。总体而言,不同催芽方式对紫薇种子的萌发和早期幼苗生长具有显著影响。该试验为紫薇播种催芽提供了理论依据与实践指导。     

浓硫酸处理黑莓种子的发芽试验

采用浓硫酸浸种处理黑莓种子5、10、15、20、30、40、50、60 min,结果表明:种子的发芽率分别为26%、39%、45%、63%、75%、75%、74%、72%,而对照只有4%,表明浓硫酸处理的最佳时间为30～60 min,可获得较高的发芽率.此外,通过不同温度试验可知黑莓种子发芽最适温度为25～30℃.     

苦菜种子发芽特性研究

苦菜种子的适宜浸种时间为6h (小时),适宜催芽温度为20~25℃。GA3、PEG处理均可明显促进苦菜种子发芽,方法是用浓度分别为200 mg·L-1和 20%的溶液浸种 6h。     

不同催芽处理对'红灵,西瓜种子发芽的影响

以'红灵'西瓜种子为试材,研究了不同催芽温度、浸种时间、浸种溶液对种子发芽时间、发芽势、发芽率、活力指数、发芽指数及胚根长度的影响.结果表明,不同催芽温度、浸种时间及不同pH值溶液浸种处理对'红灵'西瓜种子的影响不同,催芽温度32℃、浸种时间20 h对'红灵'西瓜种子发芽较为适宜,其萌发生长的最佳pH值为7.0.     

野生藏药独一味种子萌发特性初步研究

通过对种子进行光照、温度、浸种时间和赤霉素处理,统计其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和胚根长度.结果表明:在光照条件下,15、20、25℃时种子的发芽率分别为83.33%、82.67%、80.67%,25℃时发芽势最高为68%,发芽指数最大为7.92,胚根最长为1.24 cm;在光照条件下15、20、25、30、35℃的发芽率均显著高于黑暗;浸种24 h发芽率最高;经50、200、350、500 mg/L的赤霉素处理的种子萌发各指标都低于对照(蒸馏水).初步探明,独一味种子无休眠现象;适宜萌发条件为光照下,温度20~25℃,属中温萌发型,高温40℃和低温10℃对种子萌发有抑制作用.     

冬春蔬菜育壮苗技巧

一、种子处理蔬菜种子播前进行处理,可以杀死种子上携带的多种病菌和病毒,能有效地预防蔬菜苗期病害和某些成株病害。1.温水浸种将干燥种子投入5倍于种子体蔬积的一定温度的水中,并不停地搅拌,等水温降至30℃时,停止搅拌,转入常规浸种催芽。番茄、辣椒、黄瓜、甘蓝、菜花种子,用55℃温水浸种10～15min,可防猝倒病、立枯病、黄瓜炭疽病和枯萎病。番茄种子用52℃温水浸种20min,可防黑腐病、黑斑病。2.药剂消毒番茄、辣椒种子用10%磷酸三钠或1%高锰酸钾溶液浸种20～30min,可以钝化种子上的病毒,使其丧失致病力。用1%硫酸铜溶液浸种15min,可防辣…     

浸种时间对迷你小冬瓜种子发芽的影响

为探索浸种时间对迷你小冬瓜发芽情况的影响,对迷你小冬瓜种子(破壳和不破壳)进行6个不同浸种时间的处理。结果表明:浸种时间对不破壳和破壳的冬瓜种子发芽率的影响趋势都是先升高后降低,并且都在浸种时间16 h时发芽率和发芽势最高,但是从总体来看,破壳种子的平均发芽率比不破壳的平均发芽率高出18.5个百分点,破壳种子的发芽势比不破壳的发芽势高出11.2个百分点,并且破壳种子易发芽,且发芽快而整齐,50%以上的种子能集中在第3天和第4天全部发芽,在生产中可以采用此方法浸种催芽。     

不同萌发条件对线椒种子发芽特性的影响

为了解决生产中线椒种子发芽率不高的难题,对线椒种子分别进行不同浸种时间、不同催芽温度、不同质量浓度PEG-6000(聚乙二醇)和KNO3溶液浸种的单因子试验。结果表明:线椒种子在30℃下催芽、12h25℃清水浸种、10%PEG和0.15%KNO3溶液浸种的条件下,其发芽势和发芽率最高。     

合肥地区苦瓜栽培技术

合肥地区栽培苦瓜的历史较短，70年代始从湖南引进，栽培面积小，技术粗放，随着市场经济的不断发展，栽培面积迅速扩大，逐渐发展到保护地反季节栽培。但就其规模来说还小，出现的问题也在不断增加，因此，我院通过多年的引种栽培试验，为本地区的苦瓜栽培技术，提供了很好的示范作用。1 茬口安排2育苗①浸种、催芽苦瓜种皮坚硬，于浸种前一天，将苦瓜种子挑选一下，晒一天。用52~62℃的温水浸种1min(分钟)，不断搅拌至33℃左右时，保持水温3~4h(小时)，陈种子浸种时间短，新种子浸种时间也不宜超过4h。将种子清洗一遍后，沥干，用湿热棉…     

Effect of seed coat on peach seed germination

Various treatments to remove the seed coat surgically revealed its role in preventing germination of non-stratified peach seed. The peach embryo from a non-chilled seed is not dormant, as it germinates readily when the seed coat is completely removed. The peach seed coat provides a physical impediment — commonly referred to as mechanical resistance to germination. Incision through the seed coat around the seed at the cotyledonary gap allowed germination even though the seed coat remained in contact with the embryo. No role for inhibitors extracted from the seed coat could be elucidated.     

裸仁南瓜种皮发育研究进展

裸仁南瓜是南瓜中的一种自然突变类型,其种皮在发育过程中因缺乏木质素和纤维素逐渐退化成一层薄膜。裸仁南瓜营养丰富,方便食用和加工,是优异的种质资源,国内外市场需求旺盛,其种皮形成机制复杂,对其深入研究有助于解决生产难题和促进裸仁南瓜籽产业发展。笔者综述了近年来国内外裸仁南瓜种皮发育相关基础研究取得的最新进展与成果,包含南瓜籽主要营养成分研究、南瓜种皮分类、种皮形态学研究、相关酶分析、育种研究、种皮颜色研究、基因定位研究等。分析了目前裸仁南瓜种皮发育相关基础研究中存在的问题以及今后研究的重点和难点,以期为裸仁南瓜育种及种皮发育的深入研究提供理论和实践依据。     

Quality vegetable seed

正辣优12号中熟,果实长牛角形,果直且硬,果面光滑,耐热,青果绿色,果肉厚,耐运输,单果重55g左右。辣优4号早中熟、高抗病、丰产、适应性强辣椒杂种一代。该品种植株矮壮,生势强,商品果长牛角形,果皮光滑,果色深绿,果长15~20cm,果肩宽3.5cm,果肉厚0.3cm,单果重35~50g,味辣。耐贮运,高抗疫病。辣优15号中熟,果长牛角形,果色深绿,单果重60g左右,味辣、质优,丰产,耐贮运,株型较矮,抗性强,适应性广。绿剑中早熟,抗病,丰产,商品果粗长,牛角形,单果重70g左右,辣味中等,果面极光滑,果色深绿,     

Effects of seed maturity,seed storage and pre-germination treatments on seed germination of cleome (Cleome gynandra L.)

The influence of seed maturity, seed storage and germination pre-treatments on seed germination of cleome (Cleome gynandra L.) were investigated. Seed maturation studies showed that capsules harvested at 18 days after anthesis possessed the highest dry weight with 19.2% moisture and 1% germination. Development of fresh-ungerminated seed was observed with increasing maturity of fruit, suggesting that cleome exhibited forms of seed dormancy. Storing mature seed at 15 °C and at room temperature for 5 months showed that seed dormancy was broken after 3 months under both storage regimes. When mature seeds were subjected to different treatments including various levels of GA₃, KNO₃, leaching, pre-chilling, soaking and pre-heating at different temperatures, it was found that pre-heating at 40 °C for period of 1–5 days was the most effective method in breaking dormancy in cleome.     

Effects of pre-sowing seed treatments and temperatures on tomato seed germination and seedling emergence

Sowing pre-germinated seeds with radicles 2–3 mm long reduced the time from sowing to seedling emergence to 17 days compared with 41 days in untreated seeds at soil temperatures of 10°C, and to 5 days compared with 11 days at 18°C. Sowing pre-germinated seeds also improved percentage seedling emergence and reduced the variability of times of emergence of individual seedlings. Seeds imbibed for 56 h before sowing (radicles just emerging) emerged about 3 days earlier at both 10°C and 18°C than untreated seeds. Seeds soaked in a solution containing 1.5% each of KNO₃ and K₃PO₄ for 5 days at 24°C, or in “Carbowax 20 M” for 20 days at 15°C, and then dried before sowing, gave results similar to imbibed seeds. Soaking seeds in 70% of their weight of water followed by drying for different lengths of time and for different numbers of cycles of wetting and drying did not improve germination or seedling emergence.     

Physical dormancy in myrtle seed

The nature of dormancy in seeds of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) was investigated. Scarification with cold acid or sand paper and soaking in water increased seed germination, whilst stratification, inserting the seeds in boiling water or hot acid treatment decreased the number of germinating seeds. The highest germination was obtained by treating the seeds with 100 % cold acid for 60 min or 80 % cold acid for 120 min. Hard seed coat was found to be the principal cause of poor seed germination.Scarified and non-scarified seeds were germinated for 2 weeks at 6 temperatures between 5 and 30° C, and 20° C was optimum.     

西瓜播种前种子处理概述

西瓜是栽培面积较大的作物之一。西瓜种子处理对其幼苗的活力、发芽率以及西瓜生产均有很大的影响。文章概述了西瓜种子播种前的处理方法及其作用,对今后西瓜播种前种子处理的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Effect of stratification temperature,stratification period and seed coat on seed germination of peach cultivar ‘Sharbati’

Freshly harvested seeds of peach cultivar ‘Sharbati’ were found to be dormant and did not germinate at all. A specific low-temperature stratification treatment was required to overcome seed dormancy. 10° C stratification was found to be the best for breaking seed dormancy. Increased seed germination was recorded when the seeds were after-ripened without seed coats as compared to the seeds after-ripened with seed coats. There was no further increase in germination when seeds without seed coats were stratified beyond 60 days at 10° C, while a significant increase was recorded up to 75 days of stratification in the case of seeds with seed coats. Unstratified seed coats, soaked in water for 72 h, leached out a water-soluble inhibitor, which could suppress the germination of stratified peach seeds without seed coats. When this leachate was bioassayed by a cress-seed germination test, it showed the presence of an inhibitor at Rf 0.7-0.9. Hence, delayed germination of seeds with seed coats may be due to the presence of an inhibitor in seed coats.     

Pollinizer influence on almond seed dormancy

Breaking seed dormancy is necessary for the completion of germination. Maternal tissues (integument and endocarp) appear to control seed germination, although the effect of the pollinizer has also been described. In this work, the influence of the pollinizer flowering time was studied on the stratification requirements of almond seed germination. Stratification requirements were determined in seeds (with and without endocarp) from crosses between a female progenitor and pollinizers of different flowering dates. The results showed an influence of the pollinizer in the stratification requirements of seeds with endocarp. However, no correlations were found between pollinizer flowering date and stratification requirements, which seem to be determined mainly by the female progenitor. In the case of seed stratification without endocarp, the results did not show any influence of pollinizer on stratification requirements. The observed variability within females (within or between crosses) could be due to differences in the shell characteristics, the different accumulation of inhibitors in the integument, or the genetic nature of the embryos.     

牛鼻栓种子萌发特性研究

通过对牛鼻栓的种子进行不同浓度GA_3及不同贮藏方式的处理,进行发芽试验,总结牛鼻栓种子的一些萌发规律,得出最佳处理方式和最高萌芽率的结论。阻碍种子萌发的因素主要是坚硬的种皮,而用自然沙藏或GA_3浸泡等方式可以打破休眠。自然沙藏4个月萌芽率最高,为98%;其次为以浓度400μg/ml的GA_3浸泡48h后恒温冷藏处理3个月,萌芽率为97%。