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瓜菜类植物花粉超低温保存研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
超低温保存是指在-80℃~-196℃甚至更低温度下保存生物材料的一种方法。花粉包含物种的所有基因类型,作为植物种质的重要形式,是种质保存和交换以及杂交育种的重要材料。花粉超低温保存广泛应用于瓜菜、农作物、果树、药用植物及园林植物等各类植物。花粉超低温保存能大大延长花粉的保存时间,为种质交换提供便利,同时能解决育种中花期不遇或异地授粉等问题,提高育种效率。阐述了花粉超低温保存的技术流程,对花粉保存效果的评价方法进行了总结,探讨了超低温保存的遗传稳定性,同时介绍了超低温保存机理的研究进展,以期为进一步研究瓜菜类植物花粉超低温保存提供参考。 相似文献
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腐烂病是我国乃至东亚苹果产业的重大真菌病害,其病原菌为黑腐皮壳菌(Valsa mali, Vm)。因其危害的严重性,国内外已在病原-寄主互作机制和综合防控等方面开展了深入系统的研究:鉴定了Vm致病因子如降解酶类物质(果胶酶和根皮苷降解酶等)、毒性次生代谢物(聚酮合成酶,PKS;非核糖体多肽合成酶,NRPS;PKS-NRPS杂合体;异香豆素类物质等)、分泌蛋白、转录因子等;在抗病方面,筛选出'三叶海棠’(Malus. sieboldii)'、德钦海棠’(M. sikkimi-mensis)和'平邑甜茶’(M. hupehesis)等抗病砧木资源和'红玉'’优金’和'小町’等抗性较强的品种,发现了参与抗病的信号分子包括几丁质、激素(如茉莉酸,JA;水杨酸,SA;脱落酸,ABA等)和R基因等;在病害防控方面,提倡将早期诊断与检测、抗病育种、果园管理、病斑处理和生物防治相结合的综合防控措施。笔者围绕以上几个方面的最新进展作一综述,为开展更深入的研究和有效防控提供参考。 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the distribution and the antimicrobial resistance of the pathogenic bacteria from chronic bacterial prostatitis. METHODS: Prostatic fluid was collected under sterile condition and was inoculated for bacterial culture. Positive results of bacterial culture were identified by VITEK2 Compact. Drug sensitivity test was carried out with K-B method according to the recommendation of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI). WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyze the results of drug resistance. RESULTS: Bacteria were identified in 121 patients with chronic prostatitis, most of which were Staphylococcus aureus (29 strains, 23.9%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (23 strains, 19.0%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (18 strains, 14.9%). There were 93 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (76.8%), and Gram-negative bacteria were 28 strains (23.2%). The results of drug sensitivity test indicated that Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid, while they were resistant to gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, cefoxitin, oxacillin and ciprofloxacin with the resistant rates from 7.1% to 78.4%. Escherichia coli were susceptible to imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem, while they were resistant to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with different resistant rates (14.5%~69.7%). CONCLUSION: The major pathogenic profile of chronic bacterial prostatitis was Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli . Drugs should be appropriately used on chronic bacterial prostatitis patients base on the results of culture and drug sensitivity test. 相似文献