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白皮松球果一般都是在9~10月成熟,这时候是白皮松苗木种子采集的最佳时间,一般球果出种率10%,种子千粒重150~160g ,种子粒数6000~7000粒/kg。那么比较良好的白皮松种子应该怎样采集呢?首先应选择一个优良的白皮松母树,采收完的白皮松的球果需要在通风良好的地方摊晒,这样也是为了等球果鳞开裂后用棍棒敲打,这样便于种子的采集。收集到种子后要及时去除杂物风干,保持种子的纯净。纯净的种子要放在通风良好、干燥、低温的地方进行储藏。一般采集到的种子尽量用于当年育苗,这样能提高种子的发芽率。一般陈种子育苗发芽率降低30%~60%,对于种子的育苗不是很有利。 相似文献
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据对浙江杉木一代种子园的土壤、植株针叶和球果抽样测定表明,土壤中水溶性硼含量只有0.13~0.24ppm,大大低于0.5ppm的临界浓度。针叶和球果中有效硼含量也分别只有8,9~22.7ppm和4.1~16.1ppm,也低于正常含量。经四年施硼试验研究结果表明,进入正常结实期的杉木种子园施入一定量的硼肥,其单株和单位面积的球果产量分别比对照平均增产35.08%和48.42%,出籽率提高9.40%,发芽率提高14.99%,千粒重增加6.54%。施肥时间以4月中旬和6月中旬以前为佳,每株施60g硼砂较为适宜。试验结果还表明,硼肥和复合肥配比混施增产效果更加明显,单株和单位面积球果产量分别比单施复合肥和硼肥增产22.55%和15.71%以上,种子品质也有显著提高。 相似文献
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对斑克松母树施肥能降低其种子的败育率,并以显著地提高其种子的千粒重、发芽势和发芽率。对斑克松母树进行人工辅助授粉试验表明,人工辅助粉能降低其种子败育率;不能提高种子千粒重,但能增加每个球果的种子粒数,能显著提高种子的发芽势和发芽率。 相似文献
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凤凰木种源与家系种子育苗试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《热带林业》2017,(2)
2013-2014年进行凤凰木不同种源与家系的种子育苗试验研究,结果表明:不同种源与家系间的千粒重、种子发芽能力与1年生苗木的地径及苗高生长存在较大差异,而冠幅生长差异不明显。经相关分析,凤凰木种源与家系间种子的发芽率与千粒重、平均发芽率分别呈极显著正相关和显著负相关;苗高生长与地径、平均发芽率分别呈较显著正相关和显著负相关。 相似文献
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在四川本部高山冷杉林区,冷杉腐朽病的危害性在于降低了林分出材率,改变了林木材料结构。通过2849株冷杉伐倒木测定表明,冷杉林木发生腐朽后,林种结构有明显的变化,优良林种下降,加工材增加。在冷杉林木出材率方面,腐朽木较健康木下降8.4-28.8%(平均14.9)。冷杉林区冷杉林分出材率,与林分年龄的腐朽率,林分径级的腐朽率均呈极显著的负相关。回归方程分别如下:Y=81.46-0.21x1,Y=82. 相似文献
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研究贮藏年限对枸杞种子发芽的影响及其不同品种和不同种间的发芽特性,结果表明:枸杞种子发芽率随贮藏时间的增加而降低,4年内种子发芽率能保持在85%以上,4~10年种子发芽率大幅度下降,贮藏超过16年种子基本失去活力。贮藏年限与枸杞种子发芽率呈极显著负相关,相关系数r=0.988 7**,回归方程为y=-20.9x 123.45。依据不同品种枸杞种子间发芽率是否极显著,将所选枸杞品种分为3类,且基本上与田间形态观察相符。不同种枸杞种子发芽指标显著差异明显高于品种间,但黑果枸杞与其它种在发芽指标上表现极显著差异。 相似文献
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通过对福建、江西和江苏等省17个县(市)的松树枯梢病的危害程度及发病特点调查,把松树枯梢病的发生区域归纳为:轻(无)度病害区、中度病害区和重度病害区三大类.感病程度与气象因子的相关分析表明,4、5月份的月平均湿度、月降水量和月降水天数,以及年平均湿度与病害发生关系较为密切.以上述气象因子为自变量,发病程度为因变量,建立了病害的回归预测模型:y = 98.60 13.54x1-9.33x2-3.62x3 0.07x4 0.07x5-11.97x6 3.26x7 (R=0.933 3).利用该模型对我国南方主要县(市)的病害进行了预测和划分,并提出了该病害的综合治理措施. 相似文献
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柏木种子活力探讨 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
通过对柏木种子活力生化指标的测定,用相关分析、逐步回归和主要成分分析方法,探讨了不同采种期、地形部位、球果大小和种子大小各批种子活力之间的关系。结果表明,种子活力指数可表达种子迅速、整齐萌发的发芽潜力和幼苗生长势,是柏木种子较常规发芽率和其它各生理指标更可靠有效的质量指标。柏木种子生理成熟期较其球果形态成熟期提前10—20天,其后活力显著下降。不同坡位对种子活力影响显著,从坡下部到坡顶,活力显著下降。种子活力与脱氢酶活性和过氧化物酶活性呈显著正相关,与电导率成显著负相关,后者同种子成熟度密切相关。种子4种内含物(蛋白质、还原糖、蔗糖和淀粉)对种子活力,千粒重和幼苗干重影响显著,其中还原糖含量与种子成熟度紧密相关。球果或种子越大,活力越高,二者极显著相关。 相似文献
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Mature Norway spruce (Picea abies) cones of different ages and colonized by Thekopsora areolata were collected in northern Finland 2009–2010. The germination capacity of aeciospores collected from intact aecia was measured on water agar and compared across cone age. Seed formation was investigated in healthy cones and those infected by T. areolata, Chrysomyxa pirolata, Chrysomyxa ledi, and seed germination was also measured for healthy cones and those infected by T. areolata. Unsporulated aecia of T. areolata occurred in 0- to 4-year-old cones. Aeciospores from current-year cones did not germinate and the germination capacity was significantly higher in one- to three-year-old cones than in older or current-year cones. However, a small number of aeciospores remained viable in four-year-old cones. Seed number and apparent health were significantly lower in cones infected by T. areolata and C. pirolata than in healthy cones or cones infected by C. ledi. Seed germination was significantly lower in cones infected with T. areolata compared to seeds from healthy cones. Our results suggest that infected cones more than one-year old continue to spread T. areolata for several years after the initial infection and fruiting, and thus promote the likelihood of epidemics and virulence of local outbreaks. Although cones infected by T. areolata and C. pirolata form significantly fewer seeds and of diminished viability, C. ledi does not appear to affect seed formation and health in Norway spruce. We recommend all rust-infected cones to be removed from orchards to improve stand health, reduce the risk of local outbreaks, and thereby increase the production and quality of Norway spruce seed. 相似文献
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Tropical rainforest seed ecology is diverse reflecting great variation in patterns of germination. These patterns reflect reproductive strategies designed to optimise the distribution and successful germination of species. The percentage germination varied widely across the 27 rainforest species. An additional seven species failed to germinate under the conditions provided and are not discussed further. When grouped according to successional status, in the absence of seed pre-germination treatments, germination on average reached 53% in late secondary species, 61% in early secondary species, 71% in climax species compared to only 17% in the pioneer species. The time to onset of germination was significantly lower in pioneer species (5 ± 9.9 days) compared to early secondary (14 ± 7.6 days) and climax (35 ± 7.5 days) successional species. We imposed eight pre-germination treatments, of which each was effective in increasing germination percentage for at least some of the trialed species. The most effective pre-germination treatments were nicking and boiling water, which gave on average five to sixfold increases, respectively, as compared to darkness and the presence of fleshy fruit or combinations thereof of those treatments. The knowledge of germination ecology may enable nursery operations to accurately plan seedling production. 相似文献
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茶须野螟(Nosophora sem itritalis)主要危害木荷(Schima superbaGardn.et Champ.)当年生的嫩芽、嫩叶与嫩梢,亦危害老叶。该虫在福建尤溪1 a发生3代,以1~2龄幼虫在缀叶中越冬。第1、2、3代幼虫危害盛期分别为5月下旬、8月上旬和翌年4月上、中旬,成虫羽化盛期分别为7月中旬初、9月中旬初和翌年5月上旬。在幼虫期用25%灭幼脲Ⅲ号2 000倍液或2.5%敌杀死1 500倍液喷雾防治;在成虫羽化期燃放“敌马”烟剂,防治效果均达90%以上。成虫羽化盛期还可用黑光灯诱杀。 相似文献