鹦鹉热衣原体疫苗研究进展

文章叙述了鹦鹉热衣原体的生物特性以及感染的宿主范围;鹦鹉热衣原体减毒活疫苗温度敏感株的培育及致病机理的研究;灭活疫苗灭活条件的研究,最佳免疫量,不同免疫途径的研究和我国对绵羊和猪鹦鹉热衣原体灭活疫苗的研究;以及鹦鹉热衣原体主要外膜蛋白基因工程亚单位疫苗和禽衣原体DNA疫苗的研究情况。     

动物衣原体病诊断方法及疫苗研究进展

文章叙述了鹦鹉热衣原体的特性以及感染的宿主范围;国外通过过氧化物酶-抗过氧化物酶法对鹦鹉热衣原体在鸟体内的分布进行定位;为提高诊断的准确性,建立了单克隆抗体技术以及PCR诊断技术.国内通过对羊衣原体和猪衣原体的分离,建立了间接血凝试验(IHA),并进行了大面积的推广应用.同时为提高诊断的准确性,ELISA诊断方法以及PCR诊断方法相应被建立.国外对于鹦鹉热衣原体弱毒疫苗、灭活疫苗以及基因工程亚单位疫苗进行了详细的研究.我国在20世纪已完成对鹦鹉热衣原体灭活疫苗的研究,但对于基因工程疫苗的研究尚处于早期阶段.     

猪鹦鹉热衣原体流产灭活疫苗试生产试验

按照猪鹦鹉热衣原体流产灭活疫苗制造和检验试行规程要求,在GMP生产车间进行鸡胚的孵化、衣原体的繁殖、衣原体灭活及疫苗乳化,共试生产三批猪鹦鹉热衣原体流产灭活疫苗,每批80万毫升。结果显示这三批疫苗生产中的中间品和成品的标准均符合猪鹦鹉热衣原体流产灭活疫苗制造和检验试行规程。     

动物鹦鹉热衣原体病流行情况及防治进展

鹦鹉热衣原体(Chlamydia psittaci)是衣原体属的一种专性细胞内寄生的重要人兽共患病原体,已知基因型多达17种。鹦鹉热衣原体可造成多种畜禽的生长减缓、呼吸道炎症、下痢和死亡等,给畜禽养殖造成经济损失和防控威胁,但临床上常为隐性感染,且诊断困难,研究对该病的有效防控十分重要。论文收集近年来鹦鹉热衣原体病相关研究数据发现,在流行情况方面,鹦鹉热衣原体遍布全球6大洲至少21个国家,阳性率可达0.34%～93.80%,在我国至少16个省份有相关报道;在防治方面,疫苗接种和早期诊断被认为是最佳防控方法,四环素类药物是临床治疗首选,以期为动物鹦鹉热衣原体病防控提供参考。     

肉鸡鹦鹉热衣原体的诊断与防制

自 2001年 5月以来,北京地区肉鸡发生了以腹泻、呼吸困难、采食量下降、眼睑肿大和死亡上升等特征性的疾病,最终确诊为鹦鹉热衣原体.     

动/物/的/鹦/鹉/热/衣/原/体/调/查

本文报道从１９８０年～１９８９年１０年中,在新疆阿勒泰、阿克苏、巴州等１５个地州市、８６个县、４２６个乡（镇）、１５个种畜场的１９种动物和１２７８９９头（只）动物鹦鹉热衣原体病调查,并通过衣原体、弓形体和布鲁氏菌病对比调查说明,新疆布病控制后,衣原体是引起山、绵羊流产的主要原因之一。并从阿克苏、塔城等四个地州的山、绵羊流产胎儿中成功在分离出１９株鹦鹉热衣原体,鉴定方法采用电镜、药敏试验、鸡胚毒力试     

Fatal Chlamydia psittaci infection in a domestic kitten

Chlamydia psittaci has not been reported to cause disease in domestic cats, to our knowledge. In contrast, C. felis infection is common in domestic cats and typically results in conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract infection, and less frequently pneumonia. Herein, we report the pathologic findings and diagnostic features of a fatal case of psittacosis in a 7-wk-old domestic kitten. The animal was 1 of a litter of 5 that, together with the queen, were yielded to a pet rescue center in Wyoming. Over a period of ~3 wk, the kittens and queen became sick, thin, and icteric prior to death, despite antimicrobial treatments. Postmortem evaluation of a kitten revealed necrosuppurative hepatitis with Gimenez stain–positive intracellular bacteria, nonsuppurative pneumonia, and mild leptomeningitis. The diagnosis of psittacosis was made by 16S rRNA PCR using multiple primer sets and sequencing from liver. Psittacosis should be considered a differential diagnosis in domestic cats with intracellular bacterial hepatitis and interstitial pneumonia.     

1株鹦鹉热衣原体的冻干、鉴定和分子分型研究

从国家兽医微生物菌(毒)种保藏中心领取1支鹦鹉热衣原体CVCC2410进行冻干和鉴定。将衣原体经卵黄囊接种SPF鸡胚进行复壮和传代,收获卵黄囊膜研磨后分装、冻干,并对冻干衣原体进行了无菌检验、真空度测定、染色特性和形态观察、特异性检验、16S rRNA鉴定、分子分型、衣原体含量测定。结果表明冻干衣原体CVCC2410 2203为C型鹦鹉热衣原体,含量为10^5.50ELD₅₀/0.2mL。本研究完善了该株衣原体的信息,为制定鹦鹉热衣原体的入库标准奠定基础。     

Chlamydia psittaci: a suspected cause of reproductive loss in three Victorian horses

Chlamydia psittaci was detected by PCR in the lung and equine foetal membranes of two aborted equine foetuses and one weak foal from two different studs in Victoria, Australia. The abortions occurred in September 2019 in two mares sharing a paddock northeast of Melbourne. The weak foal was born in October 2019 in a similar geographical region and died soon after birth despite receiving veterinary care. The detection of C. psittaci DNA in the lung and equine foetal membranes of the aborted or weak foals and the absence of any other factors that are commonly associated with abortion or neonatal death suggest that this pathogen may be the cause of the reproductive loss. The detection of C. psittaci in these cases is consistent with the recent detection of C. psittaci in association with equine abortion in New South Wales. These cases in Victoria show that C. psittaci, and the zoonotic risk it poses, should be considered in association with equine reproductive loss in other areas of Australia.     

北京市及周边省份家禽鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体流行状况的调查

对北京市周边6省份怀疑感染鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体的鸡鸭血清样品374份、病料81份，分别使用IHA诊断试剂盒、ELISA试剂盒以及抗酸染色试剂和荧光抗体诊断试剂进行了检查，以评价北京市及其周边地区家禽鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体的流行性。结果，上述4种试剂检测出的阳性率依次为24．9％、77．9%、18．5%和38．2％；北京市10份SPF鸡血清的抗体全部为阳性；患病肉鸡、肉鸭气囊样品，蛋鸡输卵管样品的检出率较高。表明，北京市及其周边地区家禽已经感染了鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体，酶联免疫吸附法和荧光抗体染色法能分别提高抗体和抗原的检出率。     

山东省部分地区家禽鹦鹉热衣原体感染情况调查

为了解山东地区家禽鹦鹉热衣原体(Cps)感染现状,本研究采用间接血凝法(IHA)对2013年~2014年采集自山东潍坊、淄博、济南、临沂、烟台等地区的1 020份鸡、鸭血清样品进行Cps抗体的检测,并对检测数据进行了统计分析;结果显示:IHA测得总阳性率为29.51%(301/1 020);鸡阳性率为25.26%(197/780);鸭阳性率为43.33%(104/240);各地区间阳性率存在一定差异。本调查结果表明,家禽Cps感染在山东地区具有较高的感染率。     

Infection of the Bovine Female Genital Tract with Chlamydia psittaci as a Possible Cause of Infertility

Contents: Chlamydia psittaci was isolated in embryonated chicken eggs via the yolk sac route from ten (16,7%) vaginal andlor endometrial mucosal scrapings of 60 slaughter cows. Simultaneous fecal shedding of chlamydiae was found in four animals. Chlamydial infections of the genital tract were frequent (p < 0,01) when there were endometrial inflammatory lesions together with the failure to detect other bacterial pathogens in the uterus.     

布鲁氏菌和鹦鹉热衣原体双重PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为建立同时检测布鲁氏菌和鹦鹉热衣原体的双重PCR方法,本研究据GenBank上已发表的具有属间特异性的布鲁氏菌bp26基因和鹦鹉热衣原体23S rRNA基因,利用 Primer Premier 5.0软件各设计1对特异性引物,扩增的目的片段长度分别为219和356 bp。通过优化反应条件,建立了能同时检测布鲁氏菌和鹦鹉热衣原体的双重PCR方法。该方法具有较好的特异性和可重复性,对2种基因单重PCR检测敏感性均达到3.1×10²拷贝/反应,双重检测的灵敏度为3.1×10³拷贝/反应。利用该双重PCR方法对流产牛抗凝全血、血清、流产胎儿及奶液共172份临床疑似布鲁氏菌感染的样品进行检测,检测到布鲁氏菌阳性样品53份,鹦鹉热衣原体阳性样品2份,以上这2种病原的阳性检出率分别为30.8%和1.2%,且检测到2种病原混合感染的阳性样品2份,阳性检出率为1.2%。临床应用结果表明,该方法可用来对布鲁氏菌和鹦鹉热衣原体进行同步、快速、灵敏的检测。     

Comparison of the omp I gene of Chlamydia psittaci between isolates in Victorian koalas and other animal species

Objective The objective of this study is to compare the strain of chlamydia causing genital infection in koalas from Victoria with isolates from other animal species.
Design Polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis has been used to compare various Chlamydia psittaci isolates from a range of animals and disease syndromes. The isolates used in this study include isolates from three birds, three from aborted sheep, one from polyarthritis, one from bovine abortion, one from feline pneumonitis, three porcine isolates from faeces, polyarthritis and abortion, and three urogenital isolates from Victorian koalas.
Procedure Two polymerase chain reactions were performed, each amplifying a different region of the omp I gene. The first polymerase chain reaction amplified a 144 bp segment of the gene which was then digested with the restriction enzyme Eco R I. The second polymerase chain reaction amplified a larger 1070 bp region of the omp I gene which was digested with two restriction enzymes Alu I and Nde II.
Results and conclusions The results obtained have confirmed that variation in DNA sequence of various animal chlamydia isolates does occur. They have also shown that it is possible to classify isolates, based on their restriction enzyme profiles, into distinct groups.