Dermatomycosis (Ringworm) in Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus)

Six mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) with dermatomycosis are described. Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated from four. All infections were mild and were not debilitating. The lesions involved the legs in five animals and the face in two. This is the second report of ringworm in a wild ungulate in North America.     

Variation in population density of horn flies (Haematobia irritans irritans) (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in Nellore cattle (Bos indicus)

The population density of horn flies was evaluated in the year 1998 in the municipality of Ara?atuba, S?o Paulo Brazil, in relation to temperature and rainfall conditions. Two lots of 30 Nellore steers (Bos indicus) were used which had no insecticidal treatment and were naturally infested with horn flies. The infestations were assessed by two counting methods, i.e., the traditional estimate method and the filming method. The highest fly frequencies were recorded in spring, summer, autumn and the lowest frequencies were recorded in winter. The increase in fly number was positively correlated (P<0.05) with rainfall.     

Hepatic capillariasis (Capillaria hepatica) in porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) in Pennsylvania.

Tissues of 53 adult porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) from Pennsylvania were obtained for histopathologic examination. Hepatic capillariasis was recorded in 9% of the porcupines. An additional 11% of the liver sections showed lesions that were compatible with migration by Capillaria hepatica. Because only 1 section of the liver per animal was examined microscopically, the documented prevalence of C. hepatica in Pennsylvania is considered conservatively low. However, this condition was subclinical, because none of the infected animals showed clinical signs, and none revealed severe pathologic changes in the affected livers. This seems to be the only report of C. hepatica in porcupines.     

Mercury residues in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) in 1966 and 1974 (author's transl)]

A comparative study of liver, muscle and kidney specimens from goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) shot in 1966 and 1974 respectively shows that a significant decrease in the mercury levels has taken place. The mean values in the liver specimens have changed from 2.27 mg/kg to 0.50 mg/kg, in the muscle specimens from 0.99 mg/kg to 0.20 mg/kg and in the kidney specimens from 3.06 mg/kg to 0.57 mg/kg. The main cause of this decrease is supposed to depend upon the recommendations since 1969 to avoid alkylmercurials as seed dressing.     

反刍动物生产中碳、氮、磷、钾的减排问题

近年来,随着我国奶牛养殖数量和规模的不断扩大,大量的粪尿作为肥料被广泛地施用在农田里,奶牛正常的生理活动产生的大量气体(CO2和CH4)也被排放到了空气中,但是反刍动物生产中排放的这些废物却对土壤、空气和水造成了日益严重的污染,其中粪、尿和气体中的碳、氮、磷、钾元素引起的环境污染问题更是不客忽视.笔者就以上存在的问题综述了奶牛生产中碳、氮、磷和钾对环境的污染,并从营养和饲养管理上提出相应的减排技术措施.     

反刍动物生产中碳、氮、磷、钾的减排问题

近年来,随着我国奶牛养殖数量和规模的不断扩大,大量的粪尿作为肥料被广泛地施用在农田里,奶牛正常的生理活动产生的大量气体(CO2和CH4)也被排放到了空气中,但是反刍动物生产中排放的这些废物却对土壤、空气和水造成了日益严重的污染,其中粪、尿和气体中的碳、氮、磷、钾元素引起的环境污染问题更是不容忽视。笔者就以上存在的问题综述了奶牛生产中碳、氮、磷和钾对环境的污染,并从营养和饲养管理上提出相应的减排技术措施。     

Dermatophytosis (Trichophyton mentagrophytes) in a Coquerel's sifaka (Propithecus coquereli)

A 19-yr-old intact male Coquerel's sifaka (Propithecus coquereli) was evaluated for a crusting facial dermatopathy. Fungal culture and histopathology of skin biopsies were consistent with dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and treatment with the antifungal medication terbinafine was initiated. After 1 mo of treatment, all clinical signs had resolved and a fungal culture of the skin was negative. The sifaka was treated with terbinafine for a total of 81 days. Two additional fungal cultures were taken and found to be negative for the presence of dermatophytes, the last culture being taken 1 mo after discontinuation of terbinafine. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of dermatophytosis in a prosimian species and the first reported treatment of a prosimian with the antifungal drug terbinafine.     

反刍动物生产中碳、氮、磷、钾的减排问题

近年来,随着我国奶牛养殖数量和规模的不断扩大,大量的粪尿作为肥料被广泛的施用在农田里,奶牛正常的生理活动产生的大量气体(CO2和CH4)也被排放到了空气中,但是反刍动物生产中排放的这些废物却对土壤、空气和水造成了日益严重的污染,其中粪、尿和气体中的碳、氮、磷、钾元素引起的环境污染问题更是不容忽视。本文就以上存在的问题综述了奶牛生产中碳、氮、磷和钾对环境的污染,并从营养和饲养管理上提出相应的减排技术措施。