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碘伏类消毒剂的研究现状 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
碘伏是医疗卫生中广泛使用的皮肤、粘膜消毒剂,为开发适用于农场环境卫生和生物安全计划的新产品,现对近几十年来有关碘伏的杀菌功能、杀菌机理、影响因素、发展历程等进展作一简要综述。目前的进展表明,以十二烷基氧化胺为载体的第三阶段碘伏,通过三碘氧化合物特殊方式杀菌,消毒杀菌能力受有机物等环境因素的影响较小,克服了聚维酮碘和季铵盐络合碘严重受机物影响的缺陷,完全适宜养殖场环境消毒,拓展了碘伏的应用领域。 相似文献
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综述了非甾体抗炎药托芬那酸的药理毒理研究资料,为托芬那酸的临床应用等提供参考。与其他的非甾体抗炎药类似,托芬那酸具有抗炎、镇痛及解热作用。通过抑制环氧化酶(COX)减少花生四烯酸(AA)向炎症介质前列腺素(PGs)转化而起到消炎镇痛作用。托芬那酸在动物体内吸收迅速,广泛分布于各种组织中,代谢速度相对较快。在安全药理、急慢性毒性、致突变及生殖毒性方面,没有严重的特异性的毒性反应。 相似文献
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利用蜂胶作为猪肉防腐剂对小鼠急性毒性试验和90天喂养试验,包括体重增长、食物利用率、血液学指标、血清生化指标、肝(肾)/体重比以及肝(肾)病理组织学显微检测。结果表明,蜂胶处理的猪肉对小白鼠体重增长和食物利用率没有产生显著性影响(P〉0.05);对血液学指标,如白细胞计数(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)均未产生影响(P〉0.05);对谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和球蛋白(GLO)的检测表明,其对照组和高剂量组雌雄相比无显著性差异(P〉0.05);各试验组和对照组的小白鼠肝体比(%)和肾体比(%)经方差分析,各组之间均无明显差别(P〉0.05);病理组织学检查结果显示,各试验组和对照组其肝、肾组织均未见病变。 相似文献
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刘九生 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》2013,(3):49
<正>对于猪口蹄溃烂习惯采用碘剂涂抹处理,常用的碘剂有2%~3%的碘酊和碘甘油。因碘酊对溃疡面有明显的刺激性,疗效不佳甚至加重病情,应严禁使用;碘甘油虽然在选取和使用上并无不妥,疗效也确实,但因逐渐退市,市场货源紧缺,购买不易。现在取而代之的是碘伏。碘伏是单质碘与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的不定型结合物。聚乙烯吡咯烷酮可溶解分散9%~12%的碘, 相似文献
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黄芪多糖注射液毒理试验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
经过6222mg/kg和200mg/kg的剂量对小白鼠进行急性毒性作亚慢性毒性的试验。各试验组全部健活,体征,。体重,外观,行为异常,剖检心,肝,肺,肾等无毒性损害,试验结果未发现该制剂任何毒副反应,表明长期使用无毒副作用,安全可靠。 相似文献
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制备复方聚维酮碘凝胶,研究一种对复方聚维酮碘凝胶中有效碘含量影响相对较小的配方。采用正交试验法筛选复方聚维酮碘凝胶的最佳配方;以各温度项下有效碘质量浓度的自然对数(lgC)对时间(t)做线性回归分析,得到直线方程,推算出贮存期。结果表明,制备的凝胶剂均匀细腻,筛选出复方聚维酮碘凝胶最佳配方为:100 g复方聚维酮碘凝胶中氢氧化钠0.075g,4%聚维酮碘3.75 g,碘酸钾0.50 g,丙二醇10 g。各温度条件下加热时间与有效碘质量浓度对数变化线性关系良好,25℃时贮存期为799 d。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2015,(9):95-98
糜蛋白酶是从牛或猪胰脏中提取的一种蛋白水解酶,具有较强的抗炎消肿作用,但其毒理学特性尚不清楚。本试验进行了小鼠急性毒性、大鼠30 d亚慢性毒性试验,以期对其毒性有初步了解,为临床应用提供参考。结果表明,糜蛋白酶对小鼠的经口半数致死量(LD50)5 000mg/kg,根据兽药急性毒性分级标准判定为基本无毒。大鼠的亚慢性毒性试验结果显示大鼠的血常规、血生化指标中虽有个别指标与阴性对照组大鼠有显著差异,但仍处于正常波动范围之内;脏器系数与阴性对照组相比无显著差异,且所有受试鼠均未见明显的病理组织学异常。试验结果说明,按兽医临床推荐剂量使用糜蛋白酶原料是安全可行的。 相似文献
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将345只健康无病、体格健壮的340日龄黄羽蛋鸡分成1个对照组(第4组)和3个试验组(第1、2、3组),在3个试验组的日粮中添加不同浓度的高碘复合物,对其所产鲜蛋进行品质分析.结果:通过鲜蛋的品质分析,试验1组与对照组比较,除蛋型指数差异显著外,其余指标差异均不显著,所以,试验1组鲜蛋在外观、色泽、风味、常规品质上均与普通鸡蛋无异,在鸡日粮中按0.1%的浓度添加高碘复合物生产高碘蛋是适宜的. 相似文献
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通过在猪鲜精和17℃保存精液中添加聚维酮碘(PVP-Ⅰ),探讨其杀灭精液有害细菌的效果和对精子质量的影响,从而达到阻断病原菌垂直传播的目的。保存后不同时间时取样精液接种和培养,用细菌菌落计数的方法检测精液中细菌菌落总数,并用MicroScanA/S4细菌鉴定仪鉴定细菌种类。采用计算机辅助精液分析仪(CASA)检测精子活率、活力,低渗肿胀法(HOST)检测质膜完整性线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒(JC-1)测线粒体活性和考马斯亮蓝染色检测精子顶体完整性。结果显示,用PVP-Ⅰ消毒猪精液时,在0~0.27g/L随着PVP-Ⅰ质量浓度的增加杀菌效果越好。精液中添加0.20g/L和0.27g/L PVP-Ⅰ能杀死棒状杆菌、大肠杆菌、不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、链球菌(作用1h),但不能杀死变形杆菌。在猪精液稀释液中添加质量浓度0~0.20g/L的PVP-Ⅰ对17℃保存猪精子质量无影响。结果表明,聚维酮碘在质量浓度0.20g/L能杀死猪精液中的棒状杆菌、大肠杆菌、不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、链球菌,并且对17℃保存猪精子质量常规指标(活率、活力、线粒体活性、质膜完整性和顶体完整性)无影响。 相似文献
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Pharmacological,Therapeutic and Toxicological Properties of Furazolidone: Some Recent Research 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Some of the recent publications on the pharmacological, therapeutic and toxicological properties of the antimicrobial agent furazolidone (FZ) are briefly reviewed. In animals, most of the recently published papers focus on (1) the methodology of measuring the residues of the drug and its metabolites in edible tissues; (2) the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity of FZ; (3) the cellular and molecular basis of FZ-induced cardiomyopthy, and the action of different cardioprotectant drugs thereon; and (4) hormonal effects. In humans, the use of FZ as an anti-ulcer drug and in controlling infectious diseases, especially opportunistic infections in AIDS patients, is described. 相似文献
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D. G. Wilson F. Hartmann V. R. Carter A. Klohnen P. S. MacWilliams 《Equine Veterinary Education》2011,23(9):462-465
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 3 preoperative skin preparations (povidone‐iodine [PI] removed with 70% isopropanol, and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate [CG] removed with either 70% isopropanol [CA] or sterile saline solution [CS]) in ponies. Eighteen ponies were randomly assigned to one of the 3 preoperative skin preparation groups. The skin of ponies was aseptically prepared with PI removed with alcohol, or 4% CG removed with either alcohol or sterile saline solution. The antimicrobial efficacy of each skin preparation technique was assessed quantitatively by culturing for surface bacteria with replicating organism detection and counting plates. The percentage of negative cultures, the percentage of cultures with >5 colony forming units (CFU) and the percentage bacterial reduction after the cleansing scrub, the sterile scrub, and the surgical procedures were compared. There was a significant difference between CG and PI in percentage bacterial reduction after the cleansing scrub, but no significant difference at any other time (sterile scrub, post operative skin sampling). In a comparison of the number of negative microbial cultures at each sampling point, there were no significant differences among the 3 skin preparation techniques. There were no significant differences among the treatment groups comparing the number of cultures with a high colony count (>5 CFU) after the cleansing scrub. Skin preparation with CS and PI resulted in significantly fewer cultures with >5 CFU after the sterile scrub than CA. Post operatively, CA had a higher number of samples with >5 CFU than CS and PI. PI removed with alcohol and 4% CS are equally effective in the reduction of skin bacteria after a sterile skin scrub in the operating room; however, CG was more effective in reducing bacterial numbers after the cleansing scrub. The number of cultures with high bacterial counts was greater post operatively, when alcohol was used as a rinse with chlorhexidine. In cases where a sterile scrub is not performed following a cleansing scrub, CG may be a better choice than PI. CA should not be used as a presurgical skin preparation method in ponies. 相似文献
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ZHAO Xiao-le KONG Xiao-jun LI Shi-hong QIN Zhe LIU Xi-wang YANG Ya-jun LI Jian-yong 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(3):714-719
With the deepening of modern biological science,obstetrics,pharmacology and toxicology intersect penetration with each other,thus gradually make the development of reproductive toxicology.Reproductive toxicology include two parts:Reproductive toxicology and developmental toxicology,it is a method focused on exploring whether there are influences of environmental and drugs factors on parental reproductive functions and the development of offspring.In this paper,the injury effects of test drugs on the reproductive cytogenesis,fertilization of egg cell,embryogenesis,pregnancy,childbirth,breast-feeding and development of newborn pups were summarized. 相似文献