书讯

随着科技进步和人民生活水平的不断提高,广大市民对无公害的绿色食品有了更高层次的认识,蔬菜产品的污染问题受到全社会的关注。为此,农业部成立了"中国绿色食品发展中心",制定了产地生态环境、产品生产操作规程、农药残留量、蔬菜中硝酸盐含量等一系列"绿色食品"标准,许多地区已开始大量生产无公害蔬菜。     

无公害蔬菜生产技术要点

无公害蔬菜,是绿色食品中的一类。绿色食品是指无污染、安全、优质、有营养的一类食品的总称。推广无公害蔬菜生产技术,大力发展无公害蔬菜生产,对促进我国绿色农业发展、保障人们身体健康具有十分重要的意义。下面介绍一下蔬菜生产过程控制污染的技术。     

山西省无公害蔬菜生产存在的问题及对策

1 现状 1.1 制定了一批地方法规及地方标准 近年来,山西省政府及各部门十分重视无公害农产品的生产和建设,依据国家有关的无公害农产品质量标准并结合本省环境条件和生产情况,制定并颁布了山西省地方标准DB14/86-2001<无公害农产品>和DB14/87-2001<无公害农产品生产技术规范>及<山西省无公害农产品申报程序>、<山西省无公害农产品管理办法>、<绿色食品无公害蔬菜市场准入管理办法>和10项<无公害农产品病虫害防治标准>.2004年山西省质量技术监督局会同涉农部门出台了<山西省农业标准2004～2006年发展计划>.各市在实施无公害生产过程中,为了规范菜农的生产行为,也制定了相应的主要蔬菜的技术操作规程.     

日光温室生产绿色食品蔬菜的几项措施

进入ＷＴＯ后，无公害蔬菜生产必须按照绿色食品蔬菜的标准要求进行，绿色食品蔬菜必须具备安全、优质、营养和无污染的特点。绿色食品蔬菜生产是一项系统工程，它突破传统蔬菜生产的简单模式，以市场为导向，以无污染的生产基地为基础，以环境监测、产品质量检验为保证，以教育、培训、宣传为手段，依靠先进的科学技术带动生产条件的优化和耕作技术的进步，强调生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的统一。由于环境与化学物质的污染，我国农产品的质量尤其是安全品质得不到保障，致使出口受到极大影响。出口贸易中的蔬菜和农产品因农药残留超标而…     

无公害蔬菜施肥技术

无公害蔬菜属于绿色食品,而绿色食品是安全和营养双重质量控制标准的食品。无公害蔬菜生产就是要遵循绿色食品生产标准,本着低投入、高产出的原则,从菜田生态系统的总体观念出发,     

绿色食品番茄栽培技术

目前我国绿色食品蔬菜生产技术发展较迅速,绿色食品蔬菜的生产既增加了社会效益又保护生态环境,改善人们生活质量,保障人们的身体健康。辽宁省新民市大民屯镇从2000年开始推广应用绿色食品蔬菜栽培技术生产出符合国家A级标准的绿色食品蔬菜,并取得绿色食品的认证证书,产品销往北京、河北、黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古,部分出口俄罗斯,     

果业文萃

何为绿色食品绿色食品是无污染、安全、优质、营养类食品的统称。绿色食品必须具备的条件是：１．产品或产品原料的产地必须符合农业部制定的绿色食品生态环境标准。２．农作物种植、畜禽、饲养、水产养殖及食品加工必须符合农业部制定的绿色食品生产操作规程。３．产品必须符合农业部制定的绿色食品质量和卫生标准。４．产品外包装必须符合国家食品标签通用标准。符合绿色食品特定的包装、装潢和标签规定。绿色食品标志是由中国绿色食品发展中心在国家工商行政管理局正式注册的质量证明商标。绿色食品标志由三部分构成，即上方的太阳、下方…     

绿色食品蔬菜生产技术

绿色食品蔬菜是无污染的安全、优质、营养类蔬菜的统称。按中国绿色食品中心制定的绿色食品蔬菜标准，将产品分为AA级绿色食品蔬菜和A级绿色食品蔬菜。AA级系指产地生态环境质量符合国家的环境标准，生产过程中不使用任何化学合成物，生产单位按特定的生产操作规程生产、加工，产品质量及包装经检测、检查符合特定标准，     

放心菜基地蔬菜挂牌卖

2001年3月14日，农业部和山东省人民政府在寿光市开展了对寿光蔬菜生产“无农药残毒放心菜”活动，在这次活动中，寿光市孙家集镇三元朱村、钓鱼台村、洛城镇绿色食品蔬菜生产基地、寿光市蔬菜高科技示范园、文家乡韭菜方等基地由于长期严格执行《无农药残毒放心菜生产技术操作规程》和《农药合理使用准则》国家标准，严格管理，所以顺利通过省蔬菜质量检测中心检测，全部达到无农药残毒放心菜生产标准的要求，被省农业厅命名为无农药残毒放心菜生产基地，对符合无公害条件的蔬菜发放“无农药残毒放心菜合格证”，合格证上注明产地、时间等，并在专营市场上挂牌出售，从而使无公害蔬菜实现了优质优价。     

佳蜜牌绿色食品西瓜生产技术要点

生产绿色食品西瓜(A级)必须按照特定的操作规程进行,要从生态学、环保学、经济学以及卫生安全等角度出发,综合运用农业、物理、生物、生态等无公害的技术措施,尽量减少化学物质的投入量,禁止使用绿色食品蔬菜生产中禁用的投入品,提高西瓜的安全质量,使其农药残留、硝酸盐和重金属等有害物质含量符合国家标准。江苏省盐城市佳蜜牌西瓜,1997年获得农业部绿色食品标志使用证书,产品在市场上倍受欢迎,2002年种植面积达1.3万hm2。现将其生产技术要点介绍如下:一、选择无污染的产地,防止环境污染绿色食品西瓜产地环境质量必须符合绿色食品产地环…     

怎样给蔬菜进行根外追肥

根外追肥是与土壤施肥相辅相成的，是蔬菜生产上一种经济速效的提高产量和改善品质的施肥方法（即叶面施肥），它可以通过叶面直接吸收利用．尤其在蔬菜生长后期．根系老化，吸收运输能力衰弱时喷施．可以迅速补充植株体内养分的不足或营养失衡．促进蔬菜生长旺盛。防止早衰，延长供应朋。根外追肥在茄果类或瓜类生育期长，分批采收的蔬菜上效果尤为明显。     

海南“澄迈福橙”敲响大超市的门

口感好硒含量高采摘期长,这是海南省“澄迈福橙”的特点,澄迈县将福橙促销瞄准大超市。2009年2月20日,该县在省城海口市召开福橙品尝推介会,向超市促销这一地方名牌农产品。     

西洋梨栽培的品种选择

依引进西洋梨品种的表现，换成熟期初步选择介绍了6个较有发展前途的优良品种。     

Willingness to travel to avoid recreation conflicts in Danish forests

Conflicts among forest visitors have direct effects on the quality of a recreational experience. As the number of visitors to forests close to residential areas increases, as well as the number of different activities, so does the potential for perceived conflicts. According to the literature, expanding knowledge of conflict characteristics and their causes is important for recreation planners and managers who aim to reduce conflicts.In the present study, different forest user groups were identified and categorised according to their pursued activities, and for each group, causes of conflict were identified. Furthermore, a choice experiment was constructed to estimate the distance visitors are willing to travel to encounter few visitors as opposed to many visitors, and thereby potentially experience fewer conflicts. Comparing the marginal willingness to travel (WTT) of different user groups suggests that some groups have a WTT further than the average to reach a forest with ‘Few’ visitors. The average WTT to reach a forest area with ‘Few’ visitors. ‘Mountain bikers,’ ‘Peace and nature lovers’ and ‘Horse riders’ are willing to travel 4 km more than the average per visit to reach a less crowded forest. At the other end of the scale, we find that people who are doing physical exercise are willing to travel 2 km less than the average to reach a less crowded forest.     

A novel hierarchical framework to evaluate residential exposure to green spaces

Landscape Ecology - It has been widely acknowledged that exposure to green space (e-GS) has positive health benefits to urban residents. While most studies estimate e-GS from an availability or...     

桃砧木筑波4号和筑波5号抗根癌病鉴定评价

以当年实生筑波4号(Prunus persica‘tsukuba-4’)和筑波5号(Prunus persica‘tsuku-ba-5’)的新梢为材料,采用人工接种发根土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium rhizogenes)的方法研究了其对根癌病的抗性及其分离情况。结果表明,筑波4号实生群体中免疫、高度抗病、中度抗病、中度感病和高度感病类型分别占0.90%、1.80%、9.01%、18.92%和69.37%。筑波5号实生群体中免疫、高度抗病、中度抗病、中度感病和高度感病类型分别占1.01%、3.03%、8.08%、38.38%和49.49%。筑波4号和筑波5号对发根土壤杆菌的抗性存在显著分离现象,可从中筛选出抗性极强的植株。     

A Method to Efficiently Apply a Biogeochemical Model to a Landscape

Biogeochemical models offer an important means of understanding carbon dynamics, but the computational complexity of many models means that modeling all grid cells on a large landscape is computationally burdensome. Because most biogeochemical models ignore adjacency effects between cells, however, a more efficient approach is possible. Recognizing that spatial variation in model outputs is solely a function of spatial variation in input driver variables such as climate, we developed a method to sample the model outputs in input variable space rather than geographic space, and to then use simple interpolation in input variable space to estimate values for the remainder of the landscape. We tested the method in a 100 km×260 km area of western Oregon, U.S.A. , comparing interpolated maps of net primary production (NPP) and net ecosystem production (NEP) with maps from an exhaustive, wall-to-wall run of the model. The interpolation method can match spatial patterns of model behavior well (correlations>0.8) using samples of only 5 t o 15% of the landscape. Compression of temporal variation in input drivers is a key step in the process, with choice of input variables for compression largely determining the upper bounds on the degree of match between interpolated and original maps. The method is applicable to any model that does not consider adjacency effects, and could free up computational expense for a variety of other computational burdens, including spatial sensitivity analyses, alternative scenario testing, or finer grain-size mapping.     

Relations of Phenolic Inhibitors to Resistance of Immature Apple Fruits to Rot

Extracts of phenolic compounds from maturing Red Delicious apple tissues containing p-coumaryl-quinic acids and chlorogenic acid were shown to be inhibitory to germination of Botrytis cinerea spores and mycelial growth of B. cinerea, Penicillium expansum and Alternaria sp. Measurements of the content of both acids during the growing season showed that the content of phenolic compounds was highest early in the season and decreased as the fruit matured. The decrease coincided with the rise in susceptibility of the fruit to rot caused by B. cinerea. The concentration of p-coumaryl-quinic acid was highest near the skin and lowest near the core.