抗伊氏锥虫表膜单克隆抗体的研究Ⅰ.杂交瘤细胞株的建立与鉴定

利用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,建立了3株抗伊氏锥虫表膜抗原的McAb杂交癌细胞株1C_2、2A_3、5B_7,对其鉴定的结果;①杂交瘤细胞所诱生的腹水效价,1C_2为2×10~(-4)、2A_3 4×10~(-4)、5B_7 64×10~(-4);培养上清效价,1C_2为1/512、2A_3 1/512、5B_7 1/1024。②3株细胞所产生的McAb均为IgM。③杂交瘤细胞的染色体数,1C_2 82条、2A_3 96条、5B_7 106条。④用McAb作抗原定位,均结合于伊氏锥虫虫体表面。⑤McAb与伊氏锥虫表膜以外的其它抗原成分反应较弱,与锥虫属以外的病原体不发生反应,与泰氏锥虫、路氏锥虫有部分交叉反应。⑥3株McAb对虫体均无抑制作用。     

H4亚型禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

以H4亚型AIV分离株A/鸭/扬州/185/2003免疫BALB/c小鼠,取小鼠脾脏细胞与骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,经血凝抑制(HI)试验筛选并克隆后,获得能够稳定分泌抗体的单克隆细胞株:2C11、6E7、4C8和5C5。4株单抗腹水的HI效价在2~(12)～2~(15),单抗亚类均为IgG2a。4株单抗均能与感染了H4亚型AIV的MDCK细胞发生间接免疫荧光(IFA)反应。并且,均不与其他亚型AIV、NDV、IBV和EDS-76病毒发生HI反应。另外,4株单抗均能使病毒失去感染细胞的能力,显示出良好的中和特性。单抗HI反应谱表明,2C11、4C8、6E7和5C5分别可以抑制10株H4亚型AIV中9、8、7和7株病毒的血凝反应,且均不能抑制A/鸭/苏州/1/2002毒株的血凝作用。     

抗犬瘟热病毒重组核衣壳蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

以纯化的重组犬瘟热病毒(CDV)N蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,应用常规杂交瘤技术获得两株能稳定分泌特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系,分别命名为A_4C_6C_(12)和A_5B_8H_7。间接ELISA检测腹水效价分别为1:10~6、1:10~5;亚类鉴定结果分别为IgG2a、IgG2b,轻链均为κ型;Western blot和ELISA分析结果显示2株单克隆抗体均能与重组N蛋白和CDV发生反应,而与犬细小病毒及犬腺病毒等无交叉反应;ELISA叠加试验的增值结果表明两株单克隆抗体识别的抗原位点不同。特异性抗CDV-rN的单克隆抗体的获得,为进一步用于临床诊断研究奠定了基础。     

犬传染性肝炎病毒单克隆抗体的研究——Ⅰ.杂交瘤细胞株的建立

用从病犬分离的犬传染性肝炎病毒(ICHV)免疫BALB/C 小鼠,取其脾细胞与 SP_2/O 骨髓瘤细胞融合,通过 HI 试验筛选出4株分泌抗 ICHV 单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株(C_2B_5、C_4B_8、D_4E_4、G_(10)C_(10))。HI 试验和斑点酶联免疫吸附试验(Dot-ELISA)进行特异性鉴定表明:4株单抗与鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)、牛腺病毒(BAV)、禽腺病毒(Oet株)、犬瘟热病毒(CDV)、犬细小病毒(CPV)均无反应,仅与 ICHV 苗德株反应。杂交瘤细胞株在液氮中保存3个月复苏,仍可分泌特异性抗体。     

抗H3N2亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

采用纯化的H3N2亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)尿囊液作为免疫原免疫6～8周龄Balb/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合,用间接ELISA方法筛选分泌抗SIV-H3N2的阳性细胞株,经克隆获得7株亲和力较高的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1C9、2C5、2F10、3D3、4E8、5C7、5D12,用其制备的腹水ELISA效价可达1×106。通过抗体亚型测定,间接免疫荧光试验及免疫印迹试验分析鉴定,该7株单抗均为抗H3N2亚型SIV的特异性单克隆抗体,而且与其他亚型猪流感病毒、猪细小病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒和猪瘟病毒等均无交叉反应,为H3N2亚型SIV的鉴别诊断奠定了基础。     

抗大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)K88抗原特异单克隆抗体的研究

用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术得到了株抗E.coli K88抗原的特异单克隆抗体(MCA):JLZK-7,-10和-178。小鼠腹水中MCA的免疫荧光滴度达10~(-5)～10~(-6),直接凝集滴度为 1:500～1:5000,比用常规方法生产的因子血清高100～1000倍。JLZK-7为IgG_1亚类,JLZK-10为IgG_(26)亚类,JLZK-178为IgG_3亚类。这3株MCA与K88阴性大肠杆菌和肠杆菌科中的其他细菌无交叉反应。对K88阳性菌株的反应性测定表明,JLZK-7是对K88ab、K88ac和K88ad菌株都起反应的群特异MCA,JLZK-10和-178是分别仅与部分K88ab菌株和部分K88ac菌株反应的型特异MCA。试验结果表明,这3株MCA可用于初生仔猪下痢病的诊断和大肠杆菌K88血清型鉴定。     

牛病沙门氏菌McAb的研究

用经甲醛灭活的牛病沙门氏菌免疫 BALB/C 小鼠脾细胞与 SP_2/O 小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合。经显微凝集法筛选和2次克隆化培养后,获得5株分泌抗牛病沙门氏菌单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞,其核内染色体数为93—99,经免疫双扩散和 ELISA 试验,4株分泌的 McAb 分别为 IgG_1、IgG_(2a)、IgG_(2b)和 IgM,1株未能测出亚类归属,其中 SB—2C_1和SB—1H_8McAb 在与19种常见肠道菌的交叉试验中,只与牛病沙门氏菌发生特异性反应,经过连续传代和冻存,5株细胞分泌特异性单克隆抗体的性能稳定,抗体于4℃和-20℃条件下保存1月后其滴度不变。     

猪伪狂犬病病毒变异毒株gE和gB蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为建立猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)疫苗免疫抗体与病毒感染抗体鉴别诊断方法,分别以PRV变异毒株的gE或gB重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,将免疫小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,经免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(IPMA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)筛选所需单克隆抗体,获得6株抗PRV gE蛋白的单抗(3E6、7E1、7C5、10C3、15C1、14C1)和6株抗PRV gB蛋白的单抗(1C1、5D2、2F11、5G8、10C7、8H5)。IPMA检测结果显示,gE蛋白单抗能识别PRV变异毒株,但不识别疫苗株;而gB蛋白单抗可同时识别PRV变异毒株和疫苗株。gE单抗10C3和gB单抗10C7的ELISA效价和IPMA效价均分别达1∶5×10~(5.0)和1∶8×10~(3.0)以上。所筛选出的单抗均不与猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、流行性乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)等其他常见病毒发生交叉反应。gE蛋白和gB蛋白的表达及单抗的制备为PRV感染抗体与疫苗免疫抗体鉴别诊断(DIVA)试纸的研发奠定基础。     

抗致病性大肠杆菌O78特异单克隆抗体的研制及其初步应用

应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术将提纯O_78:K_80：H_9标准菌株免疫BALB／C小鼠的脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合，获得5株能稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞命名为1G_7、2C_6、3C_1、3E_1、3D_12，这5株杂交瘤细胞经三次克隆化都能稳定分泌抗体。玻板凝集试验、酶联免疫吸附试验和间接免疫荧光试验结果表明：这5株单抗对所试37个菌株中O_78菌株都能发生反应。但3E_1、3D_12还可与另外6个菌株出现交叉反应。3C_1可与另外所试14个菌株发生反应，1G_7和2C_6则只与O_78菌株发生反应。用上述1G_7，单抗对临床分离123株细菌进行鉴定，与常规单因子血清鉴定结果完全符合。试验结果表明对，O_78特异单抗可以取代常规O_78单因子血清。     

抗猪传染性胃肠炎病毒重组S蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

以纯化的猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)重组S蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过细胞融合技术,间接ELISA方法进行筛选和有限稀释法3次克隆,获得2株稳定分泌抗TGEV重组S蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别为C7C882和B5G8G7,其染色体平均计数均为88±10对,制备腹水抗体效价分别为1:2×105和1:104,分泌抗体亚类均为IgM型.2株杂交瘤细胞上清与猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪轮状病毒(PRV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PrV)均无交叉反应,与TGEV感染细胞经间接免疫荧光检测均呈黄绿色荧光.     

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to avian leukosis viruses

Hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibody (MCA) to avian leukosis virus (ALV) structural proteins p27 and p19 have been established. In an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MCA 6AL20 (IgG1 isotype) reacted with RPL-40 (ALV subgroup A), avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) (a mixture of subgroups A and B), Rous-associated virus (RAV)-2 (subgroup B), and Carr-Zilber strain of Rous sarcoma virus (CZ-RSV) (subgroup D) but not with Prague strain of RSV (PrC-RSV) (subgroup C) or the endogenous virus RAV-0 (subgroup E). MCA 6AL22 reacted as above and also reacted marginally with PrC-RSV. Both MCAs immunoprecipitated p19 from 35S-methionine-labeled chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) infected with RPL-40 or RAV-1, but not from CEFs infected with RAV-0, thus identifying the viral structural protein p19 as a polypeptide with subgroup-specific epitopes. Both MCAs can be used to differentiate RPL-40 from RAV-0 infection either in an indirect antibody ELISA or by immunoprecipitation. A third MCA, 6AL42 (IgG2a isotype), reacted with the above viruses of subgroups A, B, C, and D at an antibody titer up to 1000-fold higher than with subgroup E RAV-0 virus in indirect ELISAs. MCA 6AL42 immunoprecipitated p27 from cells infected with RPL-40, RAV-1, or RAV-0. These MCAs are potentially useful in developing immunological tests for differentiation of ALV strains.     

Pathogenicity of avian leukosis viruses

Three methods were used in attempts to obtain non-oncogenic avian leukosis virus for possible use as an immunoprophylactic agent for the control of lymphoid leukosis in chickens. These were: 1) isolate a nononcogenic virus from commercial breeder flocks experiencing very little or no lymphoid leukosis; 2) obtain a non-oncogenic recombinant from mixed infection of a strain with low oncogenicity, Rous-associated virus-60 (RAV-60), with RAV-1 or RAV-2 in cell culture; and 3) attempt to attenuate subgroup A avian leukosis virus by serial passage in avian cell culture. Of 43 isolates obtained from field sources, all were pathogenic except one, and its pathogenicity was questionable because of the low amount of virus tested. All 42 clones from mixed infection of highly oncogenic and poorly oncogenic virus and all clones passaged serially in cell culture were oncogenic.     

Pathogenicity of two recombinant avian leukosis viruses

We have recently described the isolation and molecular characteristics of two recombinant avian leukosis subgroup J viruses (ALV J) with an avian leukosis virus subgroup A envelope (r5701A and r6803A). In the present study, we examined the role of the subgroup A envelope in the pathogenesis of these recombinant viruses. Chickens of line 151(5) x 7(1) were inoculated at 1 day of age with r5701A, r6803A, Rous-associated virus type 1 (RAV-1), or strain ADOL-Hcl of ALV-J. At 2, 4, 10, 18, and 32 wk postinoculation (PI), chickens were tested for avian leukosis virus (ALV)-induced viremia, shedding, and neutralizing antibodies. All except one chicken inoculated with the recombinant viruses (98%) developed neutralizing antibodies by 10 wk PI compared with only 16% and 46% of the ADOL-Hcl and RAV-1-inoculated birds, respectively. ALV-induced tumors and mortality in the two groups inoculated with recombinant viruses were different. The incidence of tumors in groups inoculated with r5701A or RAV-1 was 100% compared with only 9% in the groups inoculated with r6803A or ADOL-Hcl. The data suggest that differences in pathogenicity between the two recombinant viruses might be due to differences in the sequence of the 3' untranslated region (presence or absence of the E element), and, therefore, not only the envelope but also other elements of the viral genome play an important role in the pathogenesis of ALV.     

H9亚型禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

本研究用纯化的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合。对杂交瘤细胞及时筛选,阳性孔经3次有限稀释法克隆,成功获得3株能稳定传代并分泌抗H9亚型禽流感病毒基质蛋白M1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞：3G8、2F6、5F2。间接ELISA方法检测,3株单克隆抗体的腹水间接ELISA效价达106以上。构建了真核表达载体pCAGGS-M1并转染于MDCK细胞,以用于腹水的Western blot和间接免疫荧光鉴定。间接免疫荧光结果表明,3株单克隆抗体皆与真核表达蛋白M1反应。这些单克隆抗体的制备为后期研究M1蛋白在流感病毒复制与出芽过程中的重要生物学功能奠定了基础。     

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to subgroup A avian leukosis virus

Avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV‐A) is a retrovirus which infects egg‐type chickens and is the main pathogen of lymphoid leukosis (LL) and myeloid leukosis (ML). In order to greatly enhance the diagnosis and treatment of clinical avian leukemia, two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to ALV‐A were developed by fusion between SP2/0 and spleen cells from mice immunized with expressed ALV‐A env‐gp85 protein. Using immunofluorescence assay (IFA), two MAbs reacted with ALV‐A, but not with subgroups B and J of ALV. Western blot tests showed that molecular weight of ALV‐A envelope glycoprotein recognized by MAbs was about 53 kD. Isotyping test revealed that two MAbs (A5C1 and A4C8) were IgG1 isotypes. These MAbs can be used for diagnosis and epidemiology of ALV‐A.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒特异性单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为获得鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Avian infectious bronchitis virus, IBV)N蛋白的单克隆抗体,通过原核表达IBV N蛋白,纯化后作为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠,并按常规方法制备杂交瘤细胞。经ELISA方法筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞,经过3次亚克隆获得3株杂交瘤细胞株,命名为1#、18#、19#,并进行了抗体亚类的鉴定、Western-blot和IFA检测。结果显示：制备的3株单克隆抗体亚型均为IgG1,Western-blot和IFA试验结果表明单克隆抗体均能与IBV发生特异性反应而与其他禽病常见病毒均无交叉反应。本研究成功制备了IBV单克隆抗体,为进一步建立IBV检测方法和深入研究IBV的生物学特性奠定了基础。     

蛋鸡血管瘤型J亚群禽白血病病毒的分离与鉴定

通过临床观察、剖检、接种DF-1细胞、间接免疫荧光试验和PCR等方法,从安徽父母代种鸡场、青岛平度和沙子口某商品蛋鸡场分离到3株血管瘤型J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J),分别命名为AH-101、PD-101、SZK-101.采集病鸡的血液、肝脏和脾脏组织,接种DF-1细胞分离病毒,提取DNA,用P11/PJ2 ALV-J引物进行PCR扩增结果为阳性,IFA检测为阳性.用J3/J4引物扩增gp85并测序,序列分析发现,3株毒株与国内外各ALV-J的相应核苷酸相似性为91.6%～96.9%,氨基酸序列的同源性为83.4%～96.9%.系统进化分析表明,AH-101和PD-101与原型株HPRS-103的亲缘关系最近,SZK-101与美国株AF247391的亲缘关系最近.     

Chronic myocarditis and circulatory syndrome in a White Leghorn strain induced by an avian leukosis virus: light and electron microscopic study

Specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens were inoculated at 1 day of age with avian leukosis virus (ALV, RAV-1). All chickens in Expt. 1, killed 33 or 64 days postinoculation, had focal chronic lymphocytic or lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis. Among those held beyond 33 days, eight of 22 developed lesions in the myocardium that resulted in a chronic circulatory syndrome (CCS) typical of right-sided heart failure. Chickens in Expt. 2 were held for 210 days, and 21% of 125 developed CCS. In Expt. 2, ALV particles were found by electron microscopy in myocardium of 100%, 72%, and 89% of inoculated chickens that developed CCS, lymphoid leukosis, or that had no gross lesions, respectively. These findings were in accord with the immunoperoxidase staining of tissue sections for group-specific antigen of ALV. In areas of extensive virus replication, there were often abnormal virus particles and also round bodies, which may have been remnants of host-cell membranes formed in the budding process. In contrast to findings in hearts, the spleens were usually negative for virus and viral antigen.     

禽流感病毒NP蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为获得禽流感病毒(Avian influenza virus, AIV)NP蛋白的单克隆抗体,将构建的重组表达质粒pET-30a-NP转化BL21细胞,经IPTG诱导表达、纯化后作为免疫原,免疫8周龄Balb/c雌性小鼠,并按常规方法制备杂交瘤细胞。通过ELISA方法、Western-blot方法进行筛选,获得3株杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3A6、2H12、5F7,并进行了培养特性、分泌抗体活性、分泌抗体亚类的鉴定。结果显示：3株细胞株连续传10代均稳定分泌单克隆抗体,分泌的单克隆抗体亚型均为IgG2b,轻链类型均为Kappa。制备并纯化了以上3株单克隆抗体,浓度分别为2.9、2.5、2.8 mg/mL,纯度不低于90%。West-blot检测,单抗与H7血凝抑制试验抗原、H5血凝抑制试验抗原、H9N2病毒能发生特异性反应,说明单抗具有广谱性,且与IBDV、REV、IBV、MDV、ALV、AE、ILT、NDV、EDSV等均无特异性条带出现,说明特异性良好。本研究制备的3株针对禽流感NP蛋白的单抗,具有较好的特异性、保守性和广谱性,为下一步开展AIV诊断试剂如IFA检测试剂盒、ELISA检测试...     

Immune response to avian leukosis virus infection in chickens: Sequential expression of serum immunoglobulins and viral antibodies

Chickens of a 15I₅ × 7₂ cross that produces endogenous Rous associated virus (RAV-0) were infected with subgroup A lymphoid leukosis virus (RAV-1). Within 3 weeks, before RAV-1 neutralizing antibodies were detected, significantly higher levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) were found in infected birds than in uninoculated hatchmates. Immunoglobulin M was significantly elevated only during the late leukotic state. Although most of the inoculated birds tested had RAV-1 neutralizing antibodies, no correlation was found between IgG levels and antibody titers. Tolerance to endogenous virus (RAV-0) and viral group-specific antigen was apparently abrogated by RAV-1 inoculation because significantly higher percentages of iodinated envelope glycoprotein (gpE) of RAV-0 and a viral structural antigen of mol. wt 19,000 daltons (p 19) were precipitated by sera from inoculated birds than from control birds.