冬季苎麻行间种植榨菜试验示范初报

利用冬季苎麻行间种榨菜，既有利于苎麻生长，而且又增收一季榨菜。试验表明：高海拔区域每公顷收获鲜榨菜头19125kg，第二年产原麻3259．5kg／hm^2，比对照平均增产8．7％，其中头麻增产11．6％。低海拔区域收获鲜榨菜头23250kg／hm^2，第二年产原麻3982．5kg／hm^2，比对照平均增产10．8％，其中头麻增产14．4％。“麻菜”收入可达到30000-37500元／hm^2以上。     

冬季苎麻行间种植榨菜试验示范初报

利用冬季苎麻行间种榨菜,既有利于苎麻生长,而且又增收一季榨菜.试验表明高海拔区域每公顷收获鲜榨菜头19125kg,第二年产原麻 3259.5kg/hm2,比对照平均增产8.7%,其中头麻增产11.6%.低海拔区域收获鲜榨菜头23250kg/hm2,第二年产原麻3982.5kg/hm2,比对照平均增产10.8%,其中头麻增产14.4%."麻菜"收入可达到 30000-37500元 /hm2以上.     

优质高产杂交苎麻新组合“川苎8号”选育报告

“川苎8号”(原代号D-156)是我所用自育的优良雄不育系C26和恢复系B8配制而成的两系杂交苎麻组合。在1995—1997年四川省苎麻区域试验中平均原麻产量1957．8kg／hm^2,较对照红皮小麻增产41．85％,在组合比较试验中平均原麻产量2546．1kg／hm^2,较对照红皮小麻增产69．04％;两组试验增产均达极显著水平。该组合纤维品质优良,在苎麻区域试验中平均单纤维细度为1913支;在生产示范中,经达州市纤检局检测平均单纤维细度为1978支。该组合采用种子繁殖,后代在品质和经济性状上分离变异极小;植株高大、粗壮、经济性状优良,蔸型、株型理想,抗逆性强,高抗苎麻花叶病,抗旱、抗风力强。     

“湘苎二号”引种涪陵后的生物学性状及生产性能研究

为探索“湘苎二号”苎麻良种在我区不同海拔高度的性状表现，为大面积生产提供科学依据，我们进行了多年跟踪观测试验。试验表明：该品种随海拔升高，头季麻出苗期推迟，末季麻生长终止期提早，季生育期延长，年生育期缩短，收麻次数减少。海拔300米区域可收四季麻，其年生育期平均达252天；海拔600-800米区域只能收三季麻，其年生育期平均为225和207天；作为丘陵山区高产苎麻产量均比一般投产麻大为提高，提高的幅度以头麻小，二、三麻大，而季产量则以头麻〉二麻〉三麻。并以黑杆1／2-2／3收获，其产量质量均达最佳指标。试验观测还表明，该品种在我区表现出适生性强，产量高（低海拔区平均达256．3kg／667m^2，高海拔区平均达191．0kg／667m^2，），品质优（平均纤维细度达1970Nm，最高达2304Nm）等特点。     

优质高产多抗苎麻新品种"川苎10号"选育报告

川苎10号（原代号川9505）是以地方品种为基础材料，与多个推广优良品种杂交，采用轮回选择而成的优质高产多抗新品种，在四川省苎麻区域试验中平均原麻产量2283．75kg／hm^2，较对照川苎4号增产23．68％，平均单纤维细度2015．67m／g。品比试验中平均原麻产量2505．0kg／hm^2，较对照川苎4号增产31．02％，平均单纤维细度2038m／g。生产试验中平均原麻产量2583．0kg／hm^2，较对照川苎4号增产22．06％。经农业部麻类产品质量监督检验测试中心检测平均纤维细度2056m／g，纤维强力45．82cN。该品种为深根散生型中偏晚熟品种，抗风力强，雌花极少，高抗苎麻花叶病和苎麻炭疽病。     

高产、高蛋白大豆新品种南豆8号的选育

南豆8号为高产、高蛋白春大豆新品种，蛋白质含量45．2％，脂肪含量18．2％。四川省大豆新品种早熟组区试，两年平均155．6kg／667m^2，比对照成豆9号增产14．9％；国家长江流域春大豆组区试，平均产量为180．5kg／667m^2，比对照品种湘春10号增产5．1％。适宜在四川及长江中下游各地区种植。     

苎麻专用配方微肥应用效果研究

苎麻施用专用配方微肥，能促进麻株快速生长，日均生长量比对照增０．５０－０．８６ｃｍ，生长速率快５２％－９１％；能促进苎麻茎粗、皮厚、出麻率的增长；能显著提高原麻产量，其中每次每亩喷施３００ｇ的比对照平均增产：头麻９．３ｋｇ／亩，二麻１０．５ｋｇ／亩、三麻１４．３ｋｇ／亩；比对照每亩增收３４１元，扣除投入成本，每亩净增产值３０１元，经济效益可观。     

苎麻专用配方微肥应用效果研究

苎麻施用专用配方微肥，能促进麻株快速生长，日均生长量比对照增０．５０－０．８６ｃｍ，生长速率快５２％－９１％；能促进苎麻茎粗、皮厚、出麻率的增长；能显著提高原麻产量，其中每次每亩喷施３００ｇ的比对照平均增产：头麻９．３ｋｇ／亩，二麻１０．５ｋｇ／亩、三麻１４．３ｋｇ／亩；比对照每亩增收３４１元，扣除投入成本，每亩净增产值３０１元，经济效益可观。     

特优202特征特性及主要栽培制种技术

特优202是漳州市农科所2002年用自主选育的不育系龙特甫A和恢复系漳恢202配制的优质、高产感温型杂交早籼新组合。2004年参加漳州市早稻区试,平均产量537．9kg／667m^2,比对照汕优63增产5．58％,达显著水平;2005年续试,平均产量494．45kg／667m^2,比对照汕优63增产6．59％,达极显著水平;2006年参加漳州市早稻生产试验,平均产量524．9kg／667m^2,比汕优63增产6．95％。2007年1月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审稻2007E02）。     

高纤维细度苎麻新品种“川苎12”选育报告

川苎12号（原代号CZ0601）是利用优质地方品种天然杂交、高产良种自交后代株系,杂交选育而成的高纤维细度、高产、多抗苎麻新品种。在国家苎麻区域试验中平均单纤维细度2308m／g,比对照圆叶青高458m／g,达特优质标准,平均原麻产量2584．65k9／hm2,与对照相当;在国家苎麻生产试验中平均单纤维细度2298m／g,平均原麻产量2581．65k9／hm^2,较对照增产1．98％。高抗苎麻花叶病、炭疽病、根腐线虫病。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。