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谷子光温敏不育系A2育性转换研究初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究谷子光温敏不育系A2在张家口市夏天育性转换的情况,于2012年5月3日~7月3日采取分期播种(每隔15 d播种1次,共播种5次)的方式,调查了不同播期下其套袋自交结实率和农艺性状(倒一叶面积、倒二叶面积、株高、茎粗、穗长和穗粗)的变化。结果表明:在张家口市沙岭子镇,不育系A2不同播期处理的套袋自交结实率为4.21%~7.34%,变化规律不明显,处于高度不育。张家口市沙岭子镇夏天适合进行谷子杂交制种,但适宜播期有利于促进植株生长和穗部发育,从而提高谷子杂交制种的产量。 相似文献
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文章综述了蔬菜作物光温敏型雄性不育系的光温敏特性以及在遗传学、细胞学和生理生化等方面的最新研究进展,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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谷子高度雄性不育系长10A的选育 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
谷子高度雄性不育系长10A是从品种长农10中发现的天然不育株与“长农24”测交,自交多代选育而成的育性稳定的不育系,不育率为10%,不育率为95%以上,绿苗,可选用紫苗品种为父本,以“两系法”生产杂交种。经大量测配,长10AF1育性均恢复正常,且多数组合具有明显的杂交优势。 相似文献
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从显性核不育的恢复性机制、不育基因定位、细胞学特征、败育过程的生理生化变化以及显性核不育在常规育种和杂种优势中的利用等方面对作物显性核不育的研究和利用进行了综述,并对萍乡显性核不育水稻的研究和应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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WANG Shou-hai DU Shi-yun WANG De-zheng LI Cheng-quan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2005,4(12):883-889
Acknowledgement It has been previously established that the BT type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is induced by high temperatures, while photosensitive genic male sterility (PGMS) seed sets by low temperatures induce. In the current study, we have bred photosensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) lines (2308SA and 2310SA) by crossing the CMS line with the PGMS japonica line with maintainer genes. The sterility of PCMS japonica was consequently controlled by two groups of male sterile genes resulting from the integration of PGMS and CMS genes. The results on plant fertility, at different sowing times, were as follows: (a) Under conditions of natural long-day photoperiod and at temperatures above 35~C, the PGMS gene regulated PCMS japonica sterility - the higher the temperature, the lower the pollen fertility. However, bagged seed sets of PCMS japonica, not exposed to high temperatures, induced the CMS seed set. (b) Exposure to long-day photoperiod and temperature conditions between 35℃ and the critical sterility inducing temperature of PGMS resulted in both PGMS and CMS gene controlled sterility of PCMS japonica, which exhibited stable characteristics. (c) When exposed to critical sterility inducing temperatures or short-day photoperiod and daily high temperatures below 32℃, the BT type of the CMS gene regulated PCMS sterility. Under these conditions, the PGMS gene rendered male sterility insusceptible to occasional cool summer days when this PCMS line, adopted for hybrid seed production, develops into panicle differentiation stage. The present study also investigated the fertility restoration, seed production and combining ability of PCMS japonica so as to optimize its use. 相似文献
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The male sterility fluctuation of photo-thermo-sensitive genic ma1e sterile〔P(T) GMS〕lines induced by low air temperature is a key problem troubling the application of two-line system hybrid rice. The paper suggests to solve this problem by the breeding approeches, i.e, developing low sterile critical temperature P(T)GMS lines, herbicie resistant restorer lines, herbicide sensitive P(T)GMS lines and tetracycline-conditioned P(T)GMS lines to ensure the hybrid purity; and by the hybrid seed production techniques, i.e, taking the correct procedure of foundation seed production, the suitable district and season for hybrid seed production and the deep irrigation method against cold weather in high summer. 相似文献
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核质互作不育和光敏核不育聚合的粳稻不育系选育 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
针对粳型核质互作不育系高温自交结实和粳型光敏核不育系低温自交结实的现状,选择BT型核质互作不育系与含有BT型保持基因的粳型光敏核不育系,通过杂交和回交,使雄性核不育基因与核质互作不育基因聚合,育成了粳型光敏核质互作不育系2308SA和2310SA。该不育系的不育性是由两套相互独立的基因系统控制的,分期播种育性观察结果表明,在长日高温下,雄性光敏核不育隐性纯合基因控制水稻不育性,避免了BT型不育基因因穗期受高温影响而导致不育系自交结实;在长日适温下,水稻不育性由核不育基因和核质互作不育基因共同控制而表现稳定;在低温(低于光敏不育系不育临界温度)或短日适温(日最高气温<32℃)下,BT型核质互作不育基因控制水稻不育性,消除了育性敏感期低温导致核不育系"打摆子"造成杂交种子不纯的风险。还对粳型光敏感核质互作不育系的可恢性、可繁性和配合力进行了研究。 相似文献
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小麦核不育的遗传研究和雄性不育遗传模式的建立 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
综述了多年对小麦雄性不育研究的进展。太谷核不育小麦是显性雄性不育材料,它的显性不育基因Ms2位于4D染色体短臂上,距离着丝点31.16cM。以矮变1号小麦为标记性状供体,经大群体筛选和细胞学研究,研制出具有矮秆基因标记的显性核不育材料—矮败小麦。在矮败小麦中,矮秆基因Rht10与雄性不育基因Ms2在4D染色体短臂上连锁十分紧密,交换率仅为0.18%。该两基因的连锁片段已转移到中国春小麦ph1b突变体和八倍体小黑麦中。发现一套基因控制的雌雄性都不育的小麦遗传种质和双隐性基因控制的小麦核不育材料。综合分析已发现的核不育材料,提出植物基因互作型显性核不育材料起源假说;经遗传分析和数学推导,建立植物隐性核不育材料姊妹交后代育性遗传模式。 相似文献