The modelling of porous properties regarding PES/CV-blended nonwoven wipes

This paper reports the results from the modelling of porous properties of raw polyester/viscose nonwoven wipes. This was carried out on the basis of nonwoven construction parameters (fibre fineness, web mass per unit area, web thickness), mercury intrusion porosimetry, and a non-deterministic modelling method, e.g. genetic algorithms. Despite the fact that the nonwoven fibre webs had different porous structures as a result of varying their construction parameters, it was possible to very precisely develop predictive models of the porous parameters (pore volume, volume porosity, pore surface area, pore diameter). The results show that the genetic algorithm is a successful modelling tool in those cases where the testing population is limited but still different. The proposed models provide guidelines for the engineering of nonwoven wipes in order to fit the desired porosity properties.     

Effects of electron-beam irradiation crosslinking on PA6 fibers

Irradiation crosslinking of PA6 fibers with and without the presence of triallyl cyanurate (TAC) was investigated. The dose for incipient gel formation was 500 kGy for pristine PA6 fibers and it decreased to 12 kGy when 5 % TAC was incorporated. Changes in structure and properties of irradiated PA6 fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. Irradiation crosslinking improved the anti-dripping properties of PA6 fibers effectively. Irradiated samples showed an increase of the breaking strength and then a decrease at further doses due to radiolysis effect, the elongation at break decreased during the irradiation process. Irradiation crosslinking had not changed the crystal form and crystallinity decreased first and then increased to some extent. DSC measurement reported that the melting temperature decreased with increasing the dose. The thermal stability decreased after irradiation whereas the amount of nonvolatile residue at 600 °C increased as the irradiation dosage increased. The infrared spectra of irradiated samples were identical with the unirradiated, no new bands were observed.XPS analysis showed that the number of C-C band increased after irradiation which proves that branching and crosslinking has occurred.     

Fabrication of novel multifunctional hybrid materials for PET/PA6 nonwoven fabrics finishing

A series of some novel hybrid materials prepared via a sol-gel process have been synthesized from methyltrimethoxysilane and titanium n-butoxide with heterocyclic thiazole azo dyes. Silica/titania/thiazole azo dyes hybrid materials were synthesized via a sol-gel process with a precursor system. Alternatively, the heterocyclic thiazole azo dyes were catalytically processed by means of hydrolysis-condensation reactions with appropriate amounts of a mixture of vinyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, and titanium n-butoxide at a fixed molar ratio. The structure of these hybrid silica/titania/thiazole dye materials was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The surface morphology of processed PET/PA6 nonwoven fabrics was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed uniform dyeing, thereby confirming the reaction of the hybrid materials with the PET/PA6 nonwoven fabrics. The water contact angle, washing fastness, color evenness, air permeability, and weatherability characteristics of the as-prepared dyed PET/PA6 nonwoven fabrics were subsequently evaluated. Results revealed improved weatherability and good water repellency. Further, it was also revealed that dyeing and finishing could be achieved in a single bath, which is advantageous to reduce processing costs.     

Development of amino acid-modified PET/PA6 segmented pie bicomponent spunbonded microfiber nonwoven for bilirubin affinity adsorption

A novel affinity membrane based on PET/PA6 segmented pie bicomponent spunbonded microfiber nonwoven (PET/PA6 SBSNW) was developed for bilirubin adsorption. PET/PA6 SBSNW was initially fabricated as microfiber nonwoven fabric, and was then ammoniated with ethylenediamine (ETDA). Finally, amino acids as affinity ligands were immobilized on the ammoniated PET/PA6 SBSNW. The amino acid-modified PET/PA6 SBSNW was applied to adsorb bilirubin, and the effects of pH, temperature, species of affinity ligands, and time were investigated. The results showed that amino acid-modified PET/PA6 SBSNW has decent adsorption performance, and adsorption capacity of PET/PA6 SBSNW-Lys peaked at 388.35 mg/g.     

The efficacy of coconut fibers on the sound-absorbing and thermal-insulating nonwoven composite board

The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of the coconut fiber on the sound absorption and thermal insulation performance towards the composite nonwoven fabrics. The 2D polyester fiber and 12D fire retardant three-dimensional hollow crimp polyester fiber are individually mixed with 4D low-melting point polyester fiber (4DLMf) to produce 2D polyester nonwoven fabric (2D-PETF) and 12D polyester nonwoven fabric (12D-PETF) respectively. Subsequently, the coconut fiber (CF) is then laminated with the 2D-PETF and 12D-PETF to fabricate two types of PET/CF composite boards through the multiple needle-punching techniques. Accordingly, the sound absorption, thermal insulation, Limiting Oxygen Index and relative mechanical properties of the PET/CF composite boards are evaluated properly. The experimental results reveal that both types of PET/CF composite boards possess excellent thermal insulation performance and fire resistance property. Also, for both types of PET/CF composite boards, the average sound absorption coefficient increases with the increased amount of CF.     

The preparation and characterization of conductive poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polyaniline composite fibers using benzoyl peroxide

Conductive polyaniline (PAn)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) composite fibers were prepared by chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of PET fibers using benzoyl peroxide (Bz₂O₂) in organic solvent/aqueous hydrochloric acid mixtures. The effects of polymerization conditions such as organic solvent/water ratio, oxidant, aniline and hydrochloric acid concentrations and temperature were investigated on the amount of PAn deposited on PET fiber and the electrical surface resistance of composite fibers. The maximum PAn content and the lowest electrical surface resistance of composite fibers were observed at HCl concentrations of 0.5 mol L⁻¹. The properties of PAn/PET composite fibers such as density, diameter, tensile strength and breaking elongation were also investigated in comparison with those of pure PET. Characterization of conductive composite fibers was carried out by FTIR, TGA, SEM techniques, surface resistance measurements, and cross section images taken by optical microscope.     

The reinforcement effect of carbon fiber on the friction and wear properties of carbon fiber reinforced PA6 composites

The tribological performance of PA6 and carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA6) under dry sliding condition was examined. Different contents of carbon fibers were employed as reinforcement. All filled and unfilled polyamide 6 composites were tested against CGr15 ball and representative testing was performed. The effects of carbon fiber content on tribological properties of the composites were investigated. The worn surface morphologies of neat PA6 and its composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the wear mechanisms were discussed. Moreover, all filled polyamide 6 have superior tribological characteristics to unfilled polyamides 6. The optimum wear reduction was obtained when the content of carbon fiber is 20 vol%.     

早熟、优质、高产、抗病油菜新品种中双六号的选育

中双六号具早熟、优质、高产、抗病性强、适应性广、含油量高等特点。在湖北省区试中平均产量2613．75kg／hm^2,比对照中油821增产6．75％;在全国区域试验中平均产量1894．95kg／hm^2,比对照中油821增产17．33％。熟期比对照中油821早3d;含油量42．5％。2000年通过湖北省品种审定委员会审定。     

The structure of wool fibers grafted with chitosan coated Ag-loading nano-SiO2 antibacterial composites

Wool fiber was grafted with chitosan coated Ag-loading nano-SiO₂ (CCTS-SLS) antibacterial composites under ultraviolet irradiation. The morphologies and structures of CCTS-SLS-wool were characterized by using scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. The results show that a uniform and smooth antibacterial layer of 200 nm in thickness was formed on the surface of wool fiber by covalent bonding. The mechanical properties of the antibacterial wool fiber were improved. The antibacterial performance was found to be excellent, with antibacterial effect up to 90 % even after repeated washing. CCTS-SLS-wool possessed soft hand-feeling and good color.     

Development and identification of two novel wheat-rye 6R derivative lines with adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew and high-yielding potential

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici(Bgt), is a devastating disease that seriously threatens wheat yield and quality. To control this disease, host resistance is the most effective measure.Compared with the resistance genes from common wheat, alien resistance genes can better withstand infection of this highly variable pathogen. Development of elite alien germplasm resources with powdery mildew resistance and other key breeding traits is an attractive strategy in wheat bree...     

高产、抗病、适应性广的红麻新品种"中红麻11号"的选育

中红麻11号(原名"KB11")系利用国外优良红麻种质"EV41"与国内抗病材料"72-3"有性杂交选育而成的不早花裂叶型红麻新品种.在1993-1994年湖南省区域试验中平均纤维产量4332.75kg/hm2,比对照湘红麻1号(7804)3723.00kg/hm2增产16.4%(春播);在1997-1998年全国红麻区试中平均纤维产量3732.75kg/hm2,比新对照粤74-3增产15.9%,居首位;干茎产量比对照青皮三号平均增产23.6%,其增产幅度均达极显著水平.KB11的韧皮含量和硫酸盐纸浆得率比对照青皮三号提高3.3和0.22个百分点,也高于74-3;束纤维品质、单纤维长度和抗炭疽病性亦优于对照品种,抗倒性明显强于对照,表明"KB11"是一个集高产、抗病、抗倒、优质、适应性广于一体的纺织、造纸兼用的红麻优良新品种,经在全国示范试种,深受麻农欢迎.     

高抗胞囊线虫病大豆新品种邯豆10的选育体会

邯豆10是以鲁豆11为母本、邯豆三号为父本有性杂交,经多年选育而成。该品种具有高抗胞囊线虫病(1号生理小种)、抗花叶病毒病、高产和高油等特点。2011年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

高产、抗病、适应性广的红麻新品种“中红麻11号”的选育

中红麻11号(原名“KB11”)系利用国外优良红麻种质“EV4l”与国内抗病材料“72-3”有性杂交选育而成的不早花裂叶型红麻新品种。在1993-1994年湖南省区域试验中平均纤维产量4332．75kg／hm^2，比对照湘红麻1号(7804)3723．00kg／hm^2增产16．4％(春播)；在1997-1998年全国红麻区试中平均纤维产量3732．75kg／hm^2，比新对照粤-74-3增产15．9％，居首位；干茎产量比对照青皮三号平均增产23．6％，其增产幅度均达极显著水平。KB11的韧皮含量和硫酸盐纸浆得率比对照青皮三号提高3．3和0．22个百分点，也高于74-3；束纤维品质、单纤维长度和抗炭疽病性亦优于对照品种，抗倒性明显强于对照，表明“KB11”是-个集高产、抗病、抗倒、优质、适应性广于一体的纺织、造纸兼用的红麻优良新品种，经在全国示范试种．深受麻农欢迎。     

The germplasm release of NYL 235–4, a clone with resistance to the Colorado potato beetle

Clones selected from the wild diploid species,Solanum berthaultii, have been shown to possess valuable levels of resistance to the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), as well as to insects such as aphids, flea beetles, leafhoppers and the potato tuber moth. Resistance is associated with the presence of glandular trichomes on the foliage ofS. berthaultii (2). Six generations after producing a hybrid between the diploid species and a tetraploid variety, a clone with good beetle and leafhopper resistance, as well as reasonable agronomic characteristics has been produced.     

高产多抗高蛋白豫豆17号的选育与应用

豫豆１７号是河南省驻马店地区农科所采用有性杂交育成的大豆新品种。经河南省和国家８０个点次试验，较对照（豫豆２号、豫豆１０号）平均增产１３％以上。一般产量可达２５５０～３０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，高者可达４２８４ｋｇ／ｈｍ２。在多年多点试验、示范中，均表现抗病、耐旱、抗倒伏、高产、稳产。蛋白质含量４６．１３％。生育期中熟偏早，是黄淮区域较理想的夏大豆品种。     

The production of dihaploids and tetraploids with combined quantitative resistance to potato cyst nematode (Globodera pallida) and foliage blight (Phytophthora infestans)

Summary Dihaploids were produced from tetraploids which had resistance to foliage late blight (P. infestans) and had a range of levels of resistance to white potato cyst nematode (PCN) (G. pallida). Twelve of 33 dihaploids tested had useful levels of both resistances, 11 were resistant to blight alone and seven to PCN alone. There were no significant correlations between the resistances of the parents and the mean resistance of their dihaploids, for either character. There was also no correlation between levels of resistance to blight and to PCN. There were significant differences in mean levels of resistance to blight and to PCN between the tetraploid progenies of two dihaploids which possessed combined resistance.