尼龙轮在装卸索道中的应用

我国林区木材装卸索道中应用尼龙滑轮始于１９９１年。当时，为解决原铸铁或铸钢滑轮与钢丝绳摩擦系数大，致使二者早期破损现象严重、使用寿命偏低、导致生产成本偏高等问题，黑龙江省沾河林业局率先在木材装卸索道中进行了ＭＣ－３－３尼龙滑轮的应用试验。为节省原料，对起重用的大滑轮还采用了铸铁轮芯。经过２年的试验，该局在尼龙滑轮推广方面取得了宝贵的经验。黑龙江省森工总局对该项成果给予了高度评价，并组织专家进行了现场鉴定。鉴定认为：①尼龙滑轮制造容易、使用方便、重量轻、成本低、使用寿命大于铸铁轮，满足了林区木材作…     

尼龙滑轮在木材生产中的应用

尼龙滑轮在木材生产中的应用张娟冯国忠杨秀芹（黑龙江省绥棱林业局１９９１年以前，我国林区木材卸、归、装设备上的滑轮均为铸铁或铸钢轮。由于该滑轮与钢丝绳的摩擦系数较大，致使二者早期破损现象严重，使用寿命偏低，更换频繁，导致生产成本提高。为了提高企业经济效...     

木材吞吐大港——蓬莱港装卸服务转型升级

蓬莱港全称烟台港集团蓬莱港有限公司,是烟台港集团有限公司的全资子公司,烟台港四大港区之一。港口位于山东半岛最北端,黄渤海交界处,蓬莱经济技术开发区内,是山东半岛距离辽东半岛海上距离最近的港口。     

数字图像技术在木材科学中的应用

随着现代计算机技术的快速发展,计算机数字图像处理技术已成为当前追逐的热点,并广泛应用在木材科学领域中.数字图像技术所具备的现性好、精度高、灵活性强等优势,为木材科学的发展提供了新手段.文中基于数字图像处理技术从木材宏观与微观方面对木材缺陷、木材纹理、细胞特征等进行综述,同时分析了木材科学研究中主要用到的数字图像处理技术...     

计算机断层扫描技术在木材科学中应用研究进展

计算机断层扫描（CT）技术作为一种高质、高效的无损检测技术,具有重建图像分辨率高、速度快等优点。鉴于该技术在医学领域取得的重大成就,国内外学者基于CT技术对木材做了大量研究,并将其应用于木材科学研究领域,验证了CT技术在木材检测和木材加工领域的可行性,同时取得了良好的使用效果。文中综述了CT技术在木材缺陷检测、木材宏观构造检测和木材切割中应用的研究进展,分析了现有技术存在的问题,展望了CT技术在木材科学领域的应用前景。     

计算机断层扫描技术(CT)在木材工业中的应用

计算机断层扫描技术(Computerized Tomography),简称CT,是利用射线束从多方向沿某一部位的选定断层进行照射,测定透过的射线量,经数量化计算后得出该层层面组织各个单位容积的吸收系数,然后重新组建图象的检查技术。     

农用货车在木材生产中应用的评价

从经济改革，南方林区道路状况，结合农用货车性能特点。通过与EQ1090、CA1090等车型各方面比较，对农用货车在木材生产中应用作出了评价。     

分形理论在木材科学与工艺学中的应用

分莆是一种新兴的基础理论,将在成为木材科学研究的有效手段之一,本文阐述了分形理论的基本概念、原理和应用,着重介绍分形在木材解剖学、木材物理力学和加工过程中的应用前景。     

壳聚糖性能及其在木材工业中的应用

壳聚糖是一种来源广泛、安全无毒的天然高分子碱性多糖,独特的化学结构使其具有许多优异的特性,在生物医学、服装纺织、农业等领域都有不错的应用。目前,有关壳聚糖在木材保护上的利用也取得一定的研究成果。文中介绍了壳聚糖的性能及其在木材工业上的基本应用,重点阐述归纳了壳聚糖在木材防腐、木材阻燃、木材胶黏以及木材固色4个方面的研究现状,展望了壳聚糖在木材工业领域应用中的发展趋势,旨在进一步推动壳聚糖在木材工业中的应用研究。     

近红外光谱技术在木材无损检测中应用研究综述

近红外光谱技术作为一种先进的检测技术,具有操作简便,预测快速、准确、成本低廉和对样品全面无损等优点,已在农业、石油化工、食品、生物技术与医药等领域得到了广泛的应用,本文主要介绍近红外光谱技术的基本原理和特点,在近红外光谱分析中的常用化学计量学方法及国内外近红外光谱在预测木材化学性质、物理力学性质和木材缺陷等方面的研究成果及应用。     

提高木材产品质量的途径

方正林业局根据本局的经营方针,结合多年的木材检验管理经验。对产品质量的检查进行了改革。针对山上造材检验。装车复尺,卸车复检等三关进行了认真细致管理。作者认为把好这三关是提高木材产品质量的有效途径。     

江苏木材加工产业技术创新的三维路径

近20 a来,江苏木材加工产业蓬勃发展,但总体上还没有完全走出传统发展的模式,其中杨木生产经营企业的整体技术创新能力偏低,已成为制约其可持续发展的重要因素之一。本文就江苏木材加工产业发展中技术层面存在的问题及其原因进行了深入分析,从企业、政府和行业组织3个维度探讨了江苏木材加工产业技术创新的具体途径。     

The chemistry of decayed aspen wood and perspectives on its utilization

Summary The objectives of this research were to investigate the proportion of decayed wood in mature aspen stems, its chemical composition and its potential utility as a fuel or as a substrate for conversion to fine chemicals as part of an integrated utilization scheme. Three sound and ten decayed aspen stems were sampled from a boreal forest site. Stem analysis indicate that on average, 20% of the merchantable stem volume was in advanced decay and that considerable sound wood recovery was possible. Wood specific gravity and chemical composition were determined. The holocellulose content (volumetric basis) in advanced decayed wood was reduced by 67%. Thermal analysis of the wood using a differential scanning calorimeter provided graphical evidence of a different sequence of events occurring during the combustion of decayed wood and a resulting heat content per unit weight that was 40% higher than that of sound aspen wood. A higher degree of enzymatic hydrolysis was attainable with white-rotted aspen wood. Approximately 62% of the theoretical glucose yield was obtained from decayed aspen wood after alkali-peroxide pretreatment followed by a 12 hour hydrolysis using technical grade enzymes. The above information is used to elucidate future opportunities for wood recovery and energy production from decayed wood resources.The authors would like to thank the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Kirkland Lake for their cooperation; and for the technical assistance by Sally Krigstin, John Leigh, Samir Konar, Ganesh Deka and Doug Charles. We would also like to thank Dr. Morris Wayman, University of Toronto, for his advice and inspiration. We are especially grateful to the following persons and companies for supplying us with enzymes and their associated technical literature: Mr. John Bayard of Van Waters & Rogers Ltee, Canada, representing NOVO Industri, Denmark; Mr. Ian Hodge representing the Miles Biotechnology Group, Canada; and Dr. Gunther Eckert, B.A.S.F., Germany for obtaining and forwarding the products and information of Rohm GmbH, Germany. This work has been partially funded by the Edward Johnson Fellowship, University of Toronto     

改善运材汽车经济技术指标的有效途径

本从汽车结构和使用性能、新型燃料和轮胎的保修等5个方面简要论述了改善运材汽车经济技术指标的有效措施。     

浅谈人造薄木的开发与应用

我国对人造薄木的研制与开发起步较晚，落后于日本２０年，目前尚处于初级阶段。本文介绍了国内外人造薄木的发展状况，以及该产品应用的基本形式和重要意义。     

Influence of loading point on the static bending test of wood

We conducted three-point bending tests by changing the condition at the loading point and then examined the influence of the loading point on the test data. Yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipfera L.) was used for the tests. First, using loading noses with various radii, static bending tests were conducted by varying the depth/span ratios. Deflections were measured from the displacement of the cross head and at the point against the loading nose: Young's and shear moduli were obtained from the modified Timoshenko's bending equation proposed in a previous paper. Then a similar testing procedure was undertaken by inserting cushion sheets of Teflon between the specimen and the nose. After the measuring these moduli, bending strengths were measured using the loading noses and cushion sheets. The following results were obtained: (1) When the deflection was measured from the displacement of the cross head, the radius of the loading nose had an influence on the additional deflection when the depth/span ratio was high, causing the dependence of the shear modulus on the radius. In contrast, the radius had little influence on the measurement of Young's modulus. By placing cushion sheets between the nose and the specimen, the effect of the radius was moderated. When the deflection was measured at the point against the loading nose, the radius of the nose had little influence on the additional deflection; hence the loading nose had little influence when obtaining Young's and shear moduli. This tendency was commonly observed regardless of whether the cushion sheets were in place. (2) When the specimen had a high depth/span ratio, the bending strength increased with the increase in the radius of the loading nose. However, the influence of the radius was small when the specimen had a low depth/span ratio. There was no significant effect of the cushion sheets used here on the measurement of bending strength.Part of this paper was presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April 1998     

The regional economic impacts on the development of wood chip utilization in Maniwa city

This paper reports on an empirical investigation about regional economic impacts by the promotion of wood chip utilization in Maniwa city, Japan. We clarify the estimated potential of regional economy development by using input–output analysis for Maniwa city. The result indicates that 315 million JPY of woody chip products can be estimated to generate roughly 448 million JPY of direct, indirect, and induced economic effects. The value of 448 million JPY was equivalent to about 0.2 % of total production value in Maniwa. It is also expected to create approximately 21 jobs by promotion of wood chip utilization. We examined the regional economic impacts on the woody biomass utilization, and evaluated to estimate direct, indirect and induced economic effects, and job creation to clarify the economic impact on Maniwa. We will leave the negative economic effects and the environmental impacts in the process of woody biomass utilization as a future task.     

On the effect of the loading time on the strength properties of wood

Summary One of the most important tasks of wood engineering concerning the determination of permissible stresses in the design of wooden structural parts is to take into consideration the influence of the duration of loading on the strength properties of structural timber.On this subject a number of investigations were carried out and published in Japan. Most of the publications, however, were written in Japanese and were published in Japan only. In consequence, practically no access was gained to the international literature in this field.The present paper intends to give a summary report of the above results. They were deseribed more in detail by the author in a book written in Japanese.

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Zusammenfassung Die Einbeziehung des Einflusses der Belastungsdauer auf die Festigkeitseigenschaften von Bauholz gehört zu den wichtigsten Aufgaben des Holzbau-Ingenieurs, wenn er sich mit der Frage der zulässigen Spannungen beim Entwurf von Holzbaukonstruktionen beschäftigen muß.Zu dieser Frage wurden in Japan eine Reihe von Untersuchungen durchgeführt und veröffentlicht. Die überwiegende Zahl dieser Arbeiten wurde jedoch in japanischer Sprache verfaßt und deshalb ausschließlich in Japan publiziert. Sie fanden deshalb so gut wie keinen Eingang in das internationale Schrifttum dieses Fachgebietes.Die vorliegende Arbeit soll zusammenfassend hierüber berichten. In ausführlicher Form wurden die dargestellten Ergebnisse vom Verfasser in Buchform, in japanischer Sprache veröffentlicht.

     

浅谈银杏木材的利用与发展

分析泰兴市目前银杏生产现状 ,通过对果材兼用、材用、雄株银杏木材生长规律的调查 ,可看出 :3种类型银杏的胸径生长高速期均在 4 0～ 6 0年间 ,材用和雄银杏又持续到 80年生前 ;胸径生长高峰期年均达 1.0cm/年左右 ,高的达 1.4 1cm/年 ;材用、雄银杏年均胸径生长量高于果材兼用银杏 ;立木材积年生长量高峰期为 4 0～ 80年生。因此 ,采伐更新的最佳期应选在直径、材积生长高峰期或盛果期之后。全市现有银杏活立木蓄积量 2 5 2 6万m3 ,蕴藏着巨大的潜力 ,营造银杏用材林发展前景看好     

伐区木材生产新的经营管理方法

本文介绍了伐区经营管理方法——伐区木材生产模拟利润法.具体介绍了概念、意义、计算方法、具体做法、效果等.