Competence of Swine Oocytes Matured by Three-dimensional Gonadotropin-free Co-culture

Veterinary Research Communications - Munari, E., Asti, A., Colombani, C., Benzoni, E., Faustini, M., Torre, M.L., Riccardi, A., Villani, S., Sesso, L., Conte, U. and Vigo, D., 2007. Competence of...     

Development of DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification Protocols for Detection of Mycoplasma bovis Directly from Milk Samples

Veterinary Research Communications - Cremonesi, P., Vimercati, C., Pisoni, G., Perez, G., Miranda Ribera, A., Castiglioni, B., Luzzana, M., Ruffo, G. and Moroni, P., 2007. Development of DNA...     

Intravenous Infusion of Nitric Oxide in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension: Biotransformation and Haemodynamics

Veterinary Research Communications - Pirrone, F., Albertini, M., Mazzola, S., Pastore, C., Clement, M.G., Benfatto, M.C., Aldini, G. and Carini, M., 2007. Intravenous infusion of nitric oxide in...     

Nuclear Remodelling in Growing Oocytes of Sheep

Veterinary Research Communications - Russo, V., Martelli, M., Mauro, A., Di Giacinto, O., Nardinocchi, D. and Berardinelli, P., 2007. Nuclear remodelling in growing oocytes of sheep. Veterinary...     

Diagnosis of Sarcoptic Mange in Slaughtered Swine

Veterinary Research Communications - Galuppi, R., Avenoso, A.M., Leotti, G., Ostanello, F., Poglayen, G. and Tampieri, M.P., 2007. Diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in slaughtered swine. Veterinary...     

西施舌的食谱分析

为了提高西施舌（Coelomactra antiquata）种苗和人工养殖的生长率与成活率,以人工培育的西施舌稚贝和自然海区采捕的成贝为材料,采用人工投饵试验观察与镜检胃含物方法,对西施舌的食谱进行分析,结果表明：西施舌的稚贝除幼体发育阶段摄食超微型单细胞藻类外,还摄食个体大小为20～60μm的直链藻（Melosira spp．）、条纹小环藻（Cyclotella striam）、库氏园筛藻（Coscinodiscus kiitzngii）、小形园筛藻（C．minor）、小形舟形藻（Navicula Parva）、柔软舟形藻（N．mollis）、盾形舟形藻（N．scutiformis）、颗粒菱形藻（Nitzschia granulata）、碎片菱形藻（N．frustulum）、琴式菱形藻（N．panduriformis）、盾形卵形藻（Cocconeis scutellum）、双标胸隔藻（Mastogloia binotata）、施氏双壁藻（Diploneis schmidtii）等微型浮游硅藻及底栖硅藻。成体西施舌的食物以硅藻为主,计有35属114种。其中,直链藻、小环藻、园筛藻、舟形藻、菱形藻、辐裥藻（Actinoptychus sp．）、三角藻（Trlceretium sp．）、脆杆藻（Fragilaria sp．）、斑条藻（Grammatophora sp．）、褶盘藻（Frybioptychus sp．）、马鞍藻（Campylodiscussp．）、盒形藻（Biddulphia sp．）和双眉藻（Amphora sp．）等13属占优势。此外,还摄食单细胞绿藻、甲藻以及原生动物,小型甲壳动物和蔓足类的六肢幼虫及有机碎屑。     

Local interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 therapy of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas

Interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 have been used independently to successfully treat the induced and the spontaneous tumours in animals. This trial was done to determine if a combination of IL-2 and IL-12 in the treatment of spontaneous bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas (BOSCC) would be more successful than IL-2 or IL-12 therapy by themselves. For this trial, we selected 25 BOSCC tumours seen on Holstein Fresian cows in Beatrice, Zimbabwe. The cows were randomly assigned to a treatment group of 5 days of IL-2 (200,000 U/day), 5 days of IL-12 (0.5 microg/day) or 5 days of IL-2 (200,000 U/day) and IL-12 (0.5 microg/day). At 20 months after treatment, the IL-2 therapy group had 63% complete regressions; the combination group had 38% complete regressions, which were significantly higher than the IL-12 group, which had 0% complete regressions at 20 months, despite having 29% complete regressions at 6 months. These results show that IL-2 therapy by itself and in combination with IL-12 is more successful than IL-12 by itself. However, combination therapy does not improve the outcome in comparison to IL-2 as a single therapy. It also proves that IL-2 is consistently successful in the therapy of BOSCC with over 60% complete regression, which corresponds to a number of other studies we have done on IL-2 therapy of BOSCC [Rutten, V.P.M.G., Klein, W.R., De Jong, W.A., Misdorp, W., Den Otter, W., Steerenberg, P.A., De Jong, W.H., Ruitenberg, E.J., 1989. Local interleukin-2 therapy in bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. A pilot study. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 30, 165--169; Stewart, R.J.E., Hill, F.W.G., Masztalerz, A., Jacobs, J.J.L., Koten, J.W., Den Otter, W., 2003. Local low dose interleukin-2 therapy of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas in cattle in Zimbabwe, submitted for publication; Den Otter, W., Hill, F.W.G., Klein, W.R., Koten, J.W., Steerenberg, P.A., De Mulder, P.H.M., Rutten, V.P.M.G., Ruitenberg, E.J., 1993. Low doses of interleukin-2 can cure large bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 13, 2453-2455; Den Otter, W., Hill, F.W.G., Klein, W.R., Koten, J.W., Steerenberg, P.A., De Mulder, P.H., Rhode, C., Stewart, R., Faber, J.A., Ruitenberg, E.J., 1995. Therapy of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma with local doses of interleukin-2: 67% complete regressions after 20 months of follow-up. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 41, 10-14].     

Seroprevalence of Bartonella henselae in Dogs and Cats in Sassari

Veterinary Research Communications - Pinna Parpaglia, M.L., Masu, G., Masala, G., Porcu, R., Zobba, R., Pintori, G. and Cocco, R., 2007. Veterinary Research Communications, 31(Suppl. 1), 317–320     

Biological Role of the HGF/MET Ligand/Receptor Couple in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Veterinary Research Communications - Accornero, P., Luvarà, S., Favole, A., Macchi, E., Motta, M., Baratta, M., 2007. Biological role of the HGF/MET ligand/receptor couple in bovine mammary...     

饲料中添加玉米蛋白粉或鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹生长性能的影响

本试验旨在饲料中添加玉米蛋白粉或鸡肉粉替代部分鱼粉对卵形鲳鲹生长性能的影响,以确定卵形鲳鲹饲料中鸡肉粉、玉米蛋白粉的适宜添加量。玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉试验:在饲料中添加不同水平[0(对照)、6.4%、11.8%、17.3%、22.7%、28.1%]的玉米蛋白粉,分别替代0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%的鱼粉,配制成6种等氮等能的试验饲料,饲喂初始平均体重为(101.70±0.22)g的卵形鲳鲹12周。每种试验饲料投喂4个网箱,每个网箱投放80尾卵形鲳鲹。鸡肉粉替代鱼粉试验:在饲料中添加不同水平[0(对照)、5.2%、10.4%、15.6%、20.8%、26.0%]的鸡肉粉,分别替代0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%的鱼粉,配制成6种等氮等能的试验饲料,饲喂初始平均体重为(101.03±0.59)g的卵形鲳鲹12周。每种试验饲料投喂4个网箱,每个网箱投放80尾卵形鲳鲹。结果显示:随着玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉比例的升高,卵形鲳鲹的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率和能量沉积率均呈先上升后下降的趋势,而饲料系数与摄食率则呈先下降后上升的趋势。与对照组相比,饲料中添加11.8%~17.3%的玉米蛋白粉显著提高了卵形鲳鲹的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率(P<0.05),但饲料中添加28.1%的玉米蛋白粉则显著降低了卵形鲳鲹的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率、能量沉积率(P<0.05),同时还显著提高了饲料系数和摄食率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲料中添加5.2%~20.8%的鸡肉粉对卵形鲳鲹的增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数、蛋白质效率等生长性能指标均未产生显著影响(P>0.05),而添加26.0%的鸡肉粉则显著降低了增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率、能量沉积率(P<0.05),并显著提高了饲料系数(P<0.05)。综上可知,玉米蛋白粉和鸡肉粉可以替代饲料中部分鱼粉而不会对卵形鲳鲹的生长产生负面影响。基于特定生长率和饲料系数,通过函数模型计算得出卵形鲳鲹饲料中玉米蛋白粉的适宜添加量为10.91%~10.96%,鸡肉粉的适宜添加量为20.80%~21.25%。     

Results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from horses, ruminants, pigs, dogs, cats, hedgehogs and rabbits between 1998 and 2002

The results of coproscopical examinations in horses, ruminants, pigs, dogs, cats, hedgehogs and rabbits between 1998 and 2002 are presented. In 4399 samples from horses 37.4% stages of strongylids, 1.4% anoplocephalids, 1.3% Strongyloides westeri, 0.9% Parascaris equorum, 0.04% Oxyuris equi, 0.04% Eimeria sp. and 0.04% Fasciola hepatica were found. In 998 samples of cattle 22.1% stages of strongylids, 11.2% of Eimeria spp., 3.5% of cryptosporidium, 2.9% of Moniezia spp., 1.3% of Trichuris spp., 0.7% of Dictyocaulus sp., 0.6% of Fasciola hepatica, 0.6% of Strongyloides sp., 0.5% of Nematodirus spp. and 0.4% of Capillaria sp. could be detected. In 524 samples of sheep 60.7% eggs of strongylids, 43.1% oozysts of Eimeria spp., 11.1% stages of Nematodirus spp., 9.5% of Moniezia spp., 7.8% of Trichuris spp., 6.7% of Strongyloides sp., 1.7% of Fasciola hepatica, 1% of Capillaria spp., 0.4% of protostrongylidae, 0.2% of Skrjabinema sp. and 0.2% of Dictyocaulus sp. were found. 33.9% of the 118 samples of goats that were examined were positive for oocysts of Eimeria spp., 30.5% for eggs of strongylids, 6.8% for Nematodirus spp., 4.2% for Trichuris spp., 3.4% for Moniezia spp., 0.8 for protostrongylids and 0.8% for Strongyloides sp. 5.7% of 1427 samples of pigs contained stages of strongylids, 1.5% of Ascaris suum, 0.4% of Isospora, 0.3% of Eimeria spp., 0.3% of Trichuris sp., 0.1% of Giardia sp., 0.1% of cryptosproidium as well as 0.1% of metastrongylids. In 1281 of the samples of dogs 2.3% Giardia sp., 2.3% Isospora sp., 2.2% Toxocara canis, 1.4% ancylostomids, 0.8% taeniids, 0.6% larvae of Crenosoma sp., 0.2% Capillaria sp, 0.2% Trichuris vulpis and 0.2% Hammondia-like oocysts were found. In 441 samples of cats 10.7% stages of Isospora sp., 3.9% eggs of Toxocara cati, 1.6% of ancylostomids, 1.4% of taeniids, 1.1% of Giardia sp., 0.7% of Toxoplasma-like oocysts, 0.7% of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, 0.5% of Toxascaris leonina and 0.2% of Capillaria spp. were found. Furthermore 0.2% of the samples contained proglottids of Mesocestoides and 0.2% stages of Dipylidium sp. Eggs of Capillaria sp. were found in 33% of the 106 samples of hedgehogs, larvae of Crenosoma striatum in 27.4%, oocysts of Isospora sp. in 5.7% of the cases. In 232 samples of rabbits 56.9% oocysts of Eimeria sp., 4.8% stages of Passalurus ambiguus, 1.3% of strongylids, 0.9% of Strongyloides sp., 0.4% of trematodes were found.     

Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Betanodavirus from Wild Marine Fish from the Adriatic Sea

Veterinary Research Communications - Ciulli, S., Galletti, E., Grodzki, M., Alessi, A., Battilani, M. and Prosperi, S., 2007. Isolation and genetic characterization of Betanodavirus from wild...     

Investigation of postpartum dairy cows' uterine microbial diversity using metagenomic pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene

The objective of this study was the use of metagenomic pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for the investigation of postpartum dairy cows' uterine bacterial diversity. The effect of subcutaneous supplementation of a trace mineral supplement containing Zn, Mn, Se, and Cu (Multimin North America, Inc., Fort Collins, CO) at 230 days of gestation and 260 days of gestation on dairy cows' uterine microbiota was also evaluated. Uterine lavage samples were collected at 35 DIM and were visually scored for the presence of purulent or mucopurulent secretion. The same samples were also used for the acquisition of bacterial DNA. The 16S rRNA genes were individually amplified from each sample. Pyrosequencing of the samples was carried at the Cornell University Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center using Roche 454 GS-FLX System Titanium Chemistry. The Ribosomal Database Project online tools were used for the analysis of the obtained sequences library. Bacteroides spp., Ureaplasma spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Sneathia spp., Prevotella spp. and Arcanobacterium spp. prevalence was significantly (P<0.05) higher in samples derived from cows that had a higher uterine lavage sample score. Bacteroides spp., Ureaplasma spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Arcanobacterium spp. prevalence was significantly (P<0.05) higher in samples derived from cows that were not pregnant by 200 DIM. Anaerococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Parabacteroides spp., and Propionibacterium spp. prevalence was significantly (P<0.05) lower in samples derived from cows that were trace mineral supplemented.     

Parasites and parasite stages of free-ranging wild lions (Panthera leo) of northern Tanzania.

Fecal samples from 33 lions (Panthera leo) in Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater Conservation Area in northern Tanzania contained 19 different parasites, 12 of which, including Aelurostrongylus sp., a species of Acanthocephala, a species of Anoplocephalidae, Capillaria sp., Demodex sp., Eimeria sp., Habronema sp., Isospora felis, Isospora rivolta, one species of Isospora that was previously undescribed from lions, one species of Trematoda that was previously undescribed from lions, and Trichuris sp., were new reports for lions. Seven other species had been previously reported from lions.     

禾本科牧草与草坪草转基因研究进展

禾本科牧草和草坪草在饲料作物、城市绿化、生态环境保护方面发挥着积极作用.笔者总结了近10年来国内外对此类植物资源的转基因技术研究工作,从转化方法、受体系统、筛选体系等方面探讨了包括黑麦草、高羊茅、鸭茅、早熟禾、剪股颖、结缕草、狗牙根、雀稗等属的一些常用牧草和草坪草的遗传转化体系的建立和完善,所取得的研究成果包括改善营养品质,增加禾本科草对各种逆境的适应能力,提高对各种虫害、病害和除草剂的抗性等.     

Prevention of TSE (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies) with Synthetic Peptides: Influence on Progression of Disease

Veterinary Research Communications - Formentin, E.A.M., Servida, F., Lucchini, B., Lauzi, S. and Ponti, W., 2007. Prevention of TSE (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies) with Synthetic...     

野生动物园动物肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

为了解四川某野生动物园动物肠道寄生虫感染情况,本试验采用离心沉淀法、卢戈氏碘液染色法、饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对40种野生动物及混居水禽共计180份粪便样本进行调查。寄生虫总感染率为74.4%,共发现8种寄生虫,其中球虫、阿米巴原虫、蛔虫、鞭虫、毛细线虫、圆线虫、绦虫和吸虫感染率分别为31.1%、19.4%、15.6%、10.6%、17.2%、20.6%、4.4%和1.7%。结果表明,某野生动物肠寄生虫感染较为普遍,应采取有效的综合防治措施,以保证野生动物的健康。     

品牌兴牧战略研究——以肉鸡产业为例

实施肉鸡产业品牌发展战略是振兴肉鸡产业的重要着力点。文章梳理并总结了肉鸡产业品牌发展的总体情况和发展趋势,分析了我国肉鸡产业品牌发展存在六方面问题:肉鸡市场行情周期性明显,产品品质难鉴别,权威、统一的行业标准缺乏,品牌战略和品牌经营理念不足,消费者认知存在偏差,行业宣传不到位。基于以上分析,文章从保护地方优良品种品牌、建立以行业协会为基础的统一宣传策略、积极扶持中小型企业开展地方特色品牌经营、建立由政府或行业协会主导的品牌或质量认证体系四个方面,提出我国肉鸡产业品牌发展的对策建议。     

Effect of flunixin meglumine on cytokine levels in experimental endotoxemia in mice

In this study, effect of flunixin meglumine on serum tumour necrosis factor alpha, (TNFalpha) interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-10 levels was investigated in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic mice. Healthy 273 Balb/C mice were used and divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was injected lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli 0111:B4, 250 microg/mouse, intraperitoneally), Group 2 was injected flunixin meglumine (2.5 mg/kg, subcutaneously), and Group 3 was injected lipopolysaccharide + flunixin meglumine. After the treatments, at 0., 1., 2., 3., 6., 12., 24th hours and 3., 5., 7., 14., 21., 28th days blood samples were taken from seven mice in each group. Serum TNFalpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-10 levels were measured using commercially available kits by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Flunixin meglumine did not affect the cytokine levels in healthy animals. While lipopolysaccharide increased serum TNFalpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-10 levels, flunixin meglumine inhibited increases at levels of all cytokines. As result, flunixin meglumine showed depressor effect on cytokine levels in endotoxemia and the effect may be a reason for the first chosen member of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug in endotoxemia.     

Effect of CB1 Receptors on Boar Sperm Plasma Membrane

Veterinary Research Communications - Pistilli, M.G., Bernabò, N., Gloria, A., Mattioli, M. and Barboni, B., 2007. Effect of CB1 receptors on boar sperm plasma membrane. Veterinary Research...