卵巢移植对雄性受体鼠精子及生殖能力的影响

将1日龄小鼠卵巢移植入成年受体雄鼠肾囊下,分别于移植后21d(A组)和28d(B组),回收卵巢移植体和卵母细胞,采集附睾尾精子,并对睾丸及精子进行形态学检测,计算畸形精子数.移植受体雄鼠的繁殖能力将依据与雌鼠合笼交配后的窝产活仔记录进行评价.结果表明,卵巢移植体生长并有卵泡发育,A、B组回收卵母细胞数组间无显著差异(P0.05);移植组不同时期卵巢移植体对雄鼠睾丸及精子形态无明显影响,其畸形率与对照组(正常雄鼠)相比差异不显著(P0.05);移植受体雄鼠与母鼠配种的窝产活仔数与对照组无显著差异(P0.05).初步证实在卵巢异性移植构建雌、雄性腺同体的生理环境中,卵巢移植体对受体雄鼠精子及生殖能力无明显影响.     

The nucleocapsid of hepatitis B virus is both a T-cell-independent and a T-cell-dependent antigen

One characteristic of the immune response during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans is the vigorous production and subsequent persistence of antibodies of immunoglobulin (Ig) classes M and G to the nucleocapsid antigen (HBcAg). In this study HBcAg was shown to be similarly immunogenic in mice. When injected into athymic (nude) B10.BR and athymic BALB/c mice, HBcAg induced IgM and IgG class antibodies to HBc in spite of the absence of T cells in nude mice. In euthymic mice, HBcAg efficiently stimulated T-cell proliferation in vitro and helper T-cell function in vivo. The dual functions of HBcAg as a T-cell-independent and a T-cell-dependent antigen may explain its enhanced immunogenicity. Denaturation of HBcAg yields a nonparticulate antigen designated HBeAg; when HBeAg was used as the immunogen, antibody production required helper T-cell function. Although HBcAg and HBeAg are serologically distinct, they are structurally related, and in these experiments were highly cross-reactive at the T-cell level. These results suggest that the elevated levels of IgM antibodies to HBc and the enhanced immunogenicity of HBcAg during HBV infection in humans reflect the ability of HBcAg to directly activate B cells to produce antibodies to HBc in the presence or absence of HBcAg- or HBeAg-sensitized T cells.     

Genetic background and expressivity of histocompatibility genes

A difference in the reactivity of F(1) hybrid female mice to skin grafts from male donors of each of their parental strains suggests that the genetic background can influence the efficacy of the Y antigen to elicit rejection of the graft.     

促性腺激素促进雄性小鼠体内卵巢移植体卵泡卵母细胞生长发育的研究

 【目的】探索外源促性腺激素对卵巢在雄性受体内生长、卵泡发育和卵母细胞成熟与发育能力的影响。【方法】将1日龄小鼠卵巢移植到7～12周龄雄性小鼠肾囊下,回收前用促性腺激素对受体进行处理或不处理,同龄雌性小鼠用促性腺激素进行处理后作为对照。移植21 d后回收移植卵巢,观测移植体的回收率及生长和卵泡发育;对卵母细胞进行体外成熟、体外受精,观察2-细胞胚和囊胚发育率。【结果】移植21 d后,未处理组移植体回收率为85.4%,与处理组（90.7%）差异不显著（P＞0.05）。未处理组移植体卵泡发育至成熟阶段,回收卵母细胞均处在GV期,平均每枚移植体回收卵母细胞数为（41.4±25.8）枚,2-细胞胚胎发育率为17.5%,未能发育至囊胚;处理组移植体有黄体形成,有的卵泡中有扩展的卵丘卵母细胞复合体,平均回收卵母细胞数为（33.4±20.1）枚,其中MⅡ期卵母细胞为（8.5±7.1）枚,GV期、MⅡ期卵母细胞受精后2-细胞胚胎的发育率分别为33.9％和44.3%,囊胚发育率分别为0.48%和6.3%;试验组间回收卵母细胞数差异不显著（P＞0.05）,2-细胞胚胎发育率、囊胚发育率差异极显著（P＜0.01）。试验组卵母细胞2-细胞胚胎发育率显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）,处理组MⅡ期卵母细胞囊胚发育率与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。【结论】外源促性腺激素对雄性小鼠卵巢移植体具有促进卵泡发育、卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育的作用,但不增加卵母细胞产量。     

Trophoblast antigenicity demonstrated by altered challenge graft survival

Adult C57BL/6J male mice received either a primary ectopic transplant or a primary and a challenge ectopic transplant of trophoblast tissue obtained from the ectoplacental cones of 7(1/2)-day-old C3H/HeJ x C3H/HeJ embryos. Gross and histologic examinations of these grafts at 5, 7, and 12 days of growth indicated that the challenge grafts were inhibited in growth; there were a smaller percentage of grossly successful grafts, smaller hemorrhagic reactions, fewer viable cells at all stages of growth, and better host containment of the colony. The evidence indicates that exposure to pure trophoblast alters an animal's subsequent reaction to grafts syngeneic with the original trophoblast and can best be explained as evidence of immunologic sensitization of the host.     

Expression of a microinjected porcine class I major histocompatibility complex gene in transgenic mice

A porcine class I major histocompatibility complex (SLA) gene has been introduced into the genome of a C57BL/10 mouse. This transgenic mouse expressed SLA antigen on its cell surfaces and transmitted the gene to offspring, in which the gene is also expressed. Skin grafts of such transgenic mice were rejected by normal C57BL/10 mice, suggesting that the foreign SLA antigen expressed in the transgenic mice is recognized as a functional transplantation antigen.     

蚯蚓提取液改善老龄小鼠胸腺脾组织结构的研究

[目的]研究蚯蚓提取液对老龄小鼠胸腺、脾脏组织结构的改善作用。[方法]健康雄性昆明小鼠随机分3组,分别为对照组A、衰老模型组B、用药组C,每组10只。B、C组腹腔注射D-半乳糖50 mg/（k.gd）,连续8周,建立衰老模型组;第5周始C组灌胃蚯蚓提取液50 mg/（kg.d）,连续4周。试验结束对小鼠进行颈椎脱臼处死,应用分析天平称量小鼠胸腺、脾脏重量,并对胸腺、脾脏进行常规石蜡切片。观察3组小鼠间胸腺、脾脏组织结构的差异。[结果]蚯蚓提取液提高了C组小鼠胸腺指数和脾指数,组织切片观察显示,C组小鼠胸腺皮质/髓质比例增高。[结论]蚯蚓提取液具延缓小鼠胸腺、脾脏组织结构衰老的作用。     

沼气发酵残留物对萝卜品质的影响

[目的]研究沼气发酵残留物对萝卜品质的影响。[方法]以萝卜为材料,研究了7个工程沼肥和户用沼气沼肥与化肥混合施用的处理对萝卜品质的影响。[结果]工程沼肥与化肥按1∶1处理的总糖含量最高;沼肥与化肥按1∶2混合施用总酸含量最高;全施化肥区的萝卜粗纤维和粗蛋白含量最高。户用沼气沼肥与化肥按4∶1混合施用萝卜维生素含量最高,比含量最低的全沼肥区高31.4%;沼肥与化肥按1∶4混合施用,萝卜总糖含量最高,全施化肥区最低;沼肥与化肥按1∶2混合施用,萝卜总酸含量最高;沼肥与化肥按4∶1混合施用,萝卜粗纤维和粗蛋白含量最高;沼肥与化肥配比为2∶1时,萝卜粗蛋白含量最低。[结论]沼气发酵残留物可以显著改善萝卜品质。     

Study on the production of IL-12, IL-10 in early stage after infection with Babesia microti and Babesia rodhaini in mice

The serum levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in mice after infected with Babesia microti(B. microti) and Babesia rodhaini (B. rodhaini) were examined. Collected the mice serum and examined the concentration of IL-12 and IL-10 by using ELISA after infection with B. microti and B. rodhaini at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72, 96 h in mice. The results showed that B. microti infection resulted in IL-12 increasing, which peaked at 3 and 24 h after the infection, while same infection did not induce a significant change in IL-10 compared to uninfected mice. When mice were infected with B. rodhaini, any significant changes were not decteted both in IL-12 and IL-10 in comparison with uninfected animals during the period of 3-72 h after infection. Instead, a significant decline in IL-12 and IL-10 was found compared to uninfected mice 96 h after infection with B. rodhaini. It indicates that the mutagenetic cytokine is IL-12 in the serum of mice after infection with B. microti, and no any significant changes were detected in both IL-12 and IL-10 from 0 to 72 h after infected with B. rodhaini.     

不同LED光质对秋葵幼苗生长、生理特性和气孔特征的影响

秋葵是一种重要的药食兼用作物,为筛选适合秋葵工厂化育苗的人工光源,以秋葵品种卡里巴为试材,采用单因素随机区组设计的盆栽试验,将穴盘育苗后长至子叶展平时的秋葵幼苗转入荧光灯（FL,对照）、蓝光（B）、蓝红组合1∶2（BR1∶2）、红光（R）和黄光（Y）下进行照射,考察不同光质对秋葵幼苗生长指标、根系活力、光合色素含量、光合产物和气孔特征等的影响。结果表明,（1）秋葵幼苗的鲜样质量、干样质量、根长和茎粗以BR1∶2处理最大,株高和叶面积以R处理最大;（2）BR1∶2处理幼苗根系活力最高,其次为B处理;（3）幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量在各光质处理下变化趋势基本一致,即BR1∶2处理最大,其次是B处理,R处理下最小;（4）BR1∶2处理幼苗叶片的可溶性糖和蔗糖的含量最高,R处理幼苗叶片的淀粉含量最高;（5）秋葵叶片上、下表皮的气孔面积均以BR1∶2处理最大,其次为B处理,Y处理最小;叶片上、下表皮的气孔频度在BR1∶2处理下最大,其次为R处理,FL处理较小。可见,BR1∶2能显著提高秋葵幼苗根系活力、叶片光合色素、光合产物的含量和气孔发育,有效促使幼苗快速、健壮生长,可采用BR1∶2作为秋葵育苗的人工光源。     

THYMUS: ITS LIMITED ROLE IN THE RECOVERY OF HOMOGRAFT RESPONSE IN IRRADIATED MICE

Adult mice subjected to thymectomy or sham thymectomy received lethal irradiation and subsequent protective infusion of syngeneic bone marrow. Thirty days later they received allogeneic and xenogeneic skin grafts. Donors of the xenogeneic grafts were rats. The thymectomized mice rejected the grafts of rat skin only slightly later than the controls did; in contrast, the time of retention of allogeneic grafts was significantly longer in the thymectomized mice.     

Aging increases susceptibility of mouse skin to DMBA carcinogenesis independent of general immune status

The dependence of chemical carcinogenesis on age of target tissue was studied by repeated DMBA-treatment of mouse skin grafted from old and young syngeneic donors to young recipients. Carcinomas developed on 39 percent (1.6/41) of grafts from old donors and on 12 percent (5/41) of grafts from young donors. The incidence of nonskin lymphoid tumors was highest in male recipients bearing grafts from old donors.     

甲硫基腺苷对小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10细胞系的抑制作用

应用细胞培养技术研究了甲硫基腺苷对小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10细胞系体外增殖和体内增长的抑制作用。结果表明:甲硫基腺苷抑制了小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10细胞系的体外增殖(IC50为10μmol/L,P<0.01)和体内增长(抑瘤率为30.8%,P<0.05)。     

钼对小鼠后代醛氧化酶和黄嘌呤氧化酶转录水平的影响

试验选用60只二月龄的清洁级ICR小鼠,随机分成4组,每组10只雌性和5只雄性小白鼠,雌雄分开饲养,饮水中加入不同剂量的钼,分别是空白对照组、低钼组(100 mg.L-1)、中钼组(200 mg.L-1)、高钼组(400mg.L-1),4周后雌雄合笼饲养。产仔后从每组仔鼠中随机雌性小白鼠30只和15只雄性小白鼠按原分组给予不同剂量的钼,8周后,再从每组中随机选取雌性小白鼠10只和5只雄性小白鼠合笼饲养,待其产仔。如此往复,使小鼠繁殖四代。以第三代(F2代)作为研究对象,应用实时荧光定量PCR的方法测定肝脏AOX和XO的转录水平。结果表明,与对照组相比F2代小鼠AOX和XO的转录水平随钼添加剂量的增加呈递增趋势,实验组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。可见长期钼暴露可提高小鼠后代AOX和XO的转录水平。     

Deficiency of a kidney metalloproteinase activity in inbred mouse strains

Kidneys from BALB/c mice contain a potent metalloendoproteinase, termed meprin, that is active against large proteins as well as small peptides. The enzyme is present in mouse strains C57BR/cdJ, C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, A/J, DBA/IJ, CD/l, Swiss, and ICR. Three related inbred strains, CBA/J, CBA/CaJ, and C3H/He, are markedly deficient in this enzymatic activity. This is the first report of a heritable deficiency of an intracellular proteinase in mammalian tissues. Meprin deficiency appears to have arisen as an early event in the development of the C stock. Furthermore, meprin is present in the progeny of a cross between a meprin-sufficient female (C57BL/6) and a meprin-deficient male (C3H/HeN), an indication that the trait for the deficiency is recessive.     

油菜素内酯对土壤石油污染下刺槐幼苗生长的影响

为探讨土壤石油污染下油菜素内酯对刺槐的生长影响,采用室内盆栽的方法,应用不同浓度的油菜素内酯（0、0.1、0.3、0.5 mg·L^-1）通过栽前浸根加展叶期叶面喷施处理,对生长在不同土壤石油污染浓度（10、15、20 g·kg^-1）下的1年生刺槐苗进行了生长测定。结果表明:不同土壤石油污染浓度下,不同浓度的油菜素内酯相比清水对照,均能促进刺槐苗株高、地径生长和根系发育,提高干物质积累,有效地缓解石油污染胁迫对刺槐苗生长的影响。综合10～20 g·kg^-1土壤石油污染浓度下,油菜素内酯对刺槐苗生长的促进效应,最佳的施用浓度为0.3 mg·L^-1。     

BR对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

试验以小麦品种豫麦10号为材料,研究了0.1ug ml~(-1)BR浸种对小麦种子萌发和土培条件下小麦苗体生长状况的影响。结果表明,无论在蒸馏水中或是在0.2M甘露醇溶液中BR处理发芽率分别比对照提高7.2％和9.0％,胚根条数分别比对照增加0.8条和O.9条。土培条件下,BR处理明显地促进根系发育,根干重比对照增加18.2％(40d)和11.5％(60d),根苗比比对照提高33.0％(40d)和21.8％(60d)。显而易见,BR改变了植株体内干物质的分配,为小麦苗体安全越冬和正常生长准备了物质基础。