东北仔虎脐感染的病原鉴定和防治

<正> 某动物园一只东北母虎产仔三只并相继病死。我们对此病的发生进行了调查分析,对二例进行了病理剖检和病原分离鉴定,并提出相应的防治意见。在此作一简介,以供猛兽类观赏动物的繁育和疾病防治参考。一、调查分析虎房产房潮湿,通风     

江城动物园之争

武汉江城大型动物园在最近四年激增至7家,包括一家公益性质的城市动物园和6家经营性质的野生动物园。其中,狮虎等猛兽就达500多头,每天饲料费就高达5万多元。与其他大城市相比,动物园数量和动物数量实属罕见。现在,江城动物园正陷入饲养管理费不断增长与客源分流、门票收入不断下降的生存危机之中,激烈的竞争在所难免。 城市动物园曾经与几代人为伴,在野生动物科学研究、青少年科普教育、野生动物多样性迁地保护等社会     

大熊猫肠梗阻的治疗及病因探讨

大熊猫肠梗阻是人工饲养条件下的常见病、多发病。在国内外动物园、保护区曾有多起病例报道,在卧龙自然保护区大熊猫研究中心饲养场曾发生了3只大熊猫     

非洲狮微量元素缺乏症的诊治

苏州市动物园饲养的 1只非洲幼狮发生以四肢无力、行走时步态不稳、易摔倒为主要特征的疾病。经综合分析 ,诊断为微量元素缺乏症。现将诊治情况报告如下。1　饲养管理概况苏州市动物园从兄弟动物园引进一对 5月龄非洲狮 ,引入后关在猛兽区同一笼舍中饲养。引入时正值 3月份 ,气温仍较低 ,暗笼中铺垫稻草保暖。这间笼舍座北朝南 ,较地平面高出约 80cm ,运动场采光和通风良好 ,笼舍面积约 3 0m2 ,暗笼和运动场均有木头垫板。饲料延续原样未作变化 ,每天每只喂2kg饲料 (带骨小牛肉 2 / 3、羊肉 1/ 3 ) ,上下午各一餐 ,2幼狮对新环境适应情况良…     

浅谈游客投食对圈养灵长类动物健康的影响及对策分析

本文通过对南宁市动物园小猛兽饲养展示区的动物(包括平顶猴、熊猴、藏酋猴、红面猴等4种猴类)在2010年—2016年期间的的发病情况进行了统计汇总,试图阐述游客向动物乱投食对动物健康的影响,并对减少不利影响的措施进行归纳总结,为防制"动物园游客向动物乱投食屡禁不止"的不良行为提供参考。     

老虎捕捉笼的改进及效果

1概述南宁市动物园计划于2016年2月至2017年1月对新猛兽馆的9只成年东北虎、4只成年白虎进行科学实验,需每月对每只实验虎进行抽血、化验一次,所以对老虎的成功捕捉是非常关键的,它影响到实验能否顺利开展。2原有老虎捕捉笼的使用及不足2.1原有老虎捕捉笼的使用原有老虎捕捉笼图(见图1),是一个脚带四个轮子的铁笼,铁笼的长、宽、高为1.70米×0.55米×1.10米,每根钢筋间隔10厘米,笼门为横向开关的拉闸门。     

甲状腺功能减退引起金钱豹皮肤病的诊疗

甲状腺功能减退引起金钱豹皮肤病的诊疗王金美刘鸿道（无锡市锡惠公园动物园，江苏２１４０３５）１９９５年初某动物园１只雄性金钱豹发生甲状腺功能减退时出现皮肤病变为主，临诊表现为皮肤脱毛、增厚，同时伴有色素沉着，后经药物治疗，病情得以康复。介绍如下。１发病...     

刺豚鼠的饲养与繁殖

以南京市红山森林动物园2016年引进的6只刺豚鼠为例,总结了其在国内的饲养管理、日常管理及繁殖等经验。     

黄腹角雉大肠杆菌病诊疗报告

黄腹角雉大肠杆菌病诊疗报告蔡勤辉，林喜双（广州动物园）广州动物园饲养场饲养的黄腹角雉发生的体温升高、精神沉郁打瞌睡、排水样粪便为特征的疾病，经病理剖检、实验室检查诊断为大肠杆菌病。１临床证状１９９２年８月２日，本园群养的黄腹角雉，有４只表现精神萎顿，...     

动物园非洲狮饲养管理及繁育技术要点

非洲狮是国家一级保护动物,野外数量急剧减少,为挽救濒危物种,有的动物园已经开展非洲狮饲养和繁育工作。本文通过对鄂尔多斯野生动物园非洲狮成功繁育进行总结,分析、探讨动物园非洲狮在饲养管理、疾病预防诊疗和繁育等方面技术要点,为提高非洲狮在动物园饲养管理和繁育水平,提供实践经验和依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.