肌醇对肉兔血清生化指标的影响研究

试验旨在研究饲粮肌醇添加水平对肉兔血清生化指标的影响.选择30日龄体重相近的健康肉兔160只,随机分为4组,按照单因素设计开展饲养试验.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别添加25 mg/kg、50 mg/kg和75 mg/kg的肌醇,预饲期5 d,正饲期40 d.结果表明:饲喂添加肌醇的试验组肉兔血清...     

饲粮铁添加水平对60～90日龄新西兰肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能及血液指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮铁添加水平对60~90日龄新西兰肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能及血液指标的影响。试验选取104只53日龄体重相近新西兰肉兔,随机分成4个组,每组26个重复,每个重复1只兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加50、100、200 mg/kg铁,铁添加形式为七水硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O),纯度为98%。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)饲粮铁添加水平对60~90日龄新西兰肉兔平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)有影响显著(P0.05),对平均日采食量(ADFI)无显著影响(P0.05)。随着饲粮铁添加水平的增加,ADG先增加后降低,F/G先降低后增加;当饲粮铁添加水平为100 mg/kg时,ADG最高,F/G最低。2)饲粮铁添加水平对60~90日龄新西兰肉兔全净膛屠宰率和半净膛屠宰率有显著影响(P0.05),随着饲粮铁添加水平的增加,全净膛屠宰率和半净膛屠宰率先增加后降低,当饲粮铁添加水平为50 mg/kg时最高。3)饲粮铁添加水平对60~90日龄新西兰肉兔肝脏指数无显著影响(P0.05),对肾脏指数和脾脏指数有显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮铁添加水平为50、100、200 mg/kg时,肾脏指数显著高于对照组(P0.05);饲粮铁添加水平为100、200 mg/kg时,脾脏指数显著高于对照组(P0.05)。4)饲粮铁添加水平对60~90日龄新西兰肉兔血液中铁、铜、钙、锌、镁含量无显著影响(P0.05);饲粮铁添加水平对血小板分布宽度(PDW)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板大细胞比率(P-LCR)有显著影响(P0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,60~90日龄新西兰肉兔饲粮中适宜的铁添加水平为50~100 mg/kg。     

日粮碘添加水平对断奶至2月龄生长肉兔生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究日粮碘添加水平对断奶至2月龄生长肉兔生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.选用80只平均体重为(780±50)g的35日龄断奶新西兰肉兔,随机分成4组(每组20个重复,每个重复1只兔),分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加0(对照)、0.1、0.5和2.5 mg/kg碘的试验日粮,预试期7 d,正试期23 d.结果表明:日粮碘添加水平对平均日增重(ADG)有显著影响(P<0.05),0.1和0.5 mg/kg组的ADG显著高于对照组(P<0.05).日粮碘添加水平对料重比(F/G)有显著影响(P<0.05),0.5 mg/kg组的F/G显著低于对照组和0.1 mg/kg组(P<0.05).日粮碘添加水平对血清常规生化指标影响不显著(P>0.05).日粮碘添加水平对血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),0.5 mg/kg组的IgA含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05).日粮碘添加水平对血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量无显著影响(P>0.05).日粮碘添加水平对血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)含量有极显著影响(P<0.01),随着碘添加水平的增加,T3含量先升高后降低,当碘添加量为0.5 mg/kg时T3含量达到最大值.日粮碘添加水平对血清四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)含量的影响不显著(P>0.05).综上所述,断奶至2月龄生长肉兔日粮中碘适宜添加量为0.5 mg/kg(基础日粮碘含量为0.22 mg/kg).     

碘对1~4周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮碘添加水平对1~4周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响,以确定五龙鹅饲粮中碘的适宜添加水平。试验选用1日龄五龙鹅216只,随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ~Ⅵ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2 mg/kg碘的试验饲粮。试验期为4周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘能显著提高鹅的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P0.05),显著降低料重比(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘极显著提高了半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率(P0.01),显著提高了屠宰率、腿肌率(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘极显著提高了血清总抗氧化能力及总超氧化物歧化酶活性(P0.01),显著提高了血清过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了血清丙二醛含量(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加适宜水平的碘对1~4周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标有显著影响。五龙鹅饲粮中碘的适宜添加水平为0.4 mg/kg。     

生物蛋白API对肉兔生长性能和肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平生物蛋白API(含鲶鱼抗菌肽parasin I功能片段的基因工程蛋白)对肉兔生长性能和肠道健康的影响。选取30日龄健康且体重[(644.93±31.92) g]相近的断奶伊拉商品肉兔144只,随机分为4组,每组18个重复,每个重复2只兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1、0.5和1.0 mg/kg API。试验期8周。结果表明：1)饲粮中添加API对肉兔末重、平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1.0 mg/kg API可降低肉兔腹泻率、死亡率和健康风险指数。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1.0 mg/kg API可显著降低盲肠大肠杆菌数量(P <0.05),并显著提高盲肠丙酸比例(P <0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1.0 mg/kg API可显著提高空肠封闭蛋白-1(Claudin-1)的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加0.5和1.0 mg/kg API可显著提高空肠白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的mRNA相对...     

天蚕素抗菌肽对肉兔生产性能和免疫器官指数的影响

试验旨在研究天蚕素抗菌肽对新西兰兔生产性能和免疫器官指数的影响。选择160只35日龄断奶的新西兰肉兔,随机分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复8只兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮基础上添加30 mg/kg喹乙醇、150、200 mg/kg和250 mg/kg天蚕素抗菌肽,试验期为8周。结果表明,天蚕素抗菌肽可一定程度提高肉兔的日增重,显著降低料重比(P<0.05),对肉兔的采食量无显著影响(P>0.05);添加天蚕素抗菌肽有增加肉兔脾脏和胸腺重量的趋势,添加200 mg/kg和250 mg/kg天蚕素抗菌肽可显著提高肉兔脾脏指数和胸腺指数(P<0.05)。由此可见,在肉兔饲粮中添加天蚕素抗菌肽,可提高肉兔生产性能,促进免疫器官发育,提高免疫器官指数。     

饲粮中添加壳寡糖对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、屠宰性能、血清生化指标及机体免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同水平壳寡糖（COS）对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及机体免疫功能的影响。试验选取日龄[（35±2）日龄]相近、健康状况良好、体重相近的肉兔300只（公母各占1/2）,随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只兔。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,对照组包括空白对照组（基础饲粮）、抗生素对照组（基础饲粮+20 mg/kg多黏菌素E）和4个COS组（基础饲粮+50、100、150和200 mg/kg COS）。预试期7 d,正试期35 d。结果表明：1）与空白对照组相比,饲粮添加50、100、150 mg/kg COS能有效提高肉兔平均日增重（ADG）(P<0.05);150 mg/kg COS组料重比（F/G）效果最好;50 mg/kg COS组腹泻率最低。2）添加COS对屠宰性能有较好的改善作用,150 mg/kg COS组肉兔全净膛重显著高于空白对照组（P<0.05）;与空白对照组相比,各COS组肉兔全净膛率均显著提高（P <0.05）。3）与空白对照组相比,添加COS显著提高肉兔对干物质（DM）、总能（GE）、粗蛋白质（CP）表...     

饲粮碘添加水平对獭兔氮代谢、血液成分及内脏器官发育的影响

为研究饲粮碘添加水平对獭兔氮代谢、血液成分及内脏器官发育的影响,试验选用体重相近的3月龄獭兔200只,随机分为5组(每组40个重复,每个重复1只试验兔),分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6 mg/kg碘(碘的添加形式为碘化钾)的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期53 d。结果表明:饲粮不同碘水平对獭兔的沉积氮(RN)有显著影响(P < 0.05),并且添加水平为0.8 mg/kg时达到最大值。饲粮碘的添加水平对獭兔血液中促甲状腺激素(TSH)、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)、游离态的四碘甲腺原氨酸(FT4)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)有显著的影响(P < 0.05),并分别在添加水平为0.4、0.8、0.8 mg/kg和0.8 mg/kg时达到最大值。另外,饲粮不同碘水平对獭兔的内脏器官发育和脂肪沉积无显著影响(P> 0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,3~5月龄生长獭兔饲粮适宜的碘添加水平为0.8 mg/kg(饲粮中碘的实测值为0.92 mg/kg)。     

杜仲叶提取物对肉兔生长性能及血清生化、免疫与抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加杜仲叶提取物对肉兔生长性能及血清生化、免疫与抗氧化指标的影响,探讨其在育肥期肉兔上的应用效果。选择出生日龄相近、健康状况良好且体重[(726.55±94.92) g]无显著差异(P0.05)的伊拉肉兔80只,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复2只(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加任何抗生素),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、200和300 mg/kg杜仲叶提取物的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果显示:1)饲粮中添加100～300 mg/kg杜仲叶提取物可提高肉兔的平均日增重、平均日采食量,但各试验组与对照组的差异均未达到显著水平(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加100～300 mg/kg的杜仲叶提取物可显著提高肉兔血清中总蛋白、白蛋白含量(P0.05);同时,饲粮中添加200 mg/kg的杜仲叶提取物还可显著提高肉兔血清中球蛋白含量(P0.05),不同程度提高血清中免疫球蛋白A含量(P0.05)、超氧化物歧化酶(P0.05)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05)。综合考虑所测指标,在本试验的3个杜仲叶提取物添加量中以200 mg/kg的效果最好。     

柠檬酸铜对肉兔生长性能、小肠黏膜发育和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加柠檬酸铜对肉兔生长性能、小肠黏膜发育和血清生化指标的影响。选择28日龄同期断奶新西兰肉兔420只,随机分为5组,每组14个重复,每个重复6只(公母各占1/2),分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、10、20 mg/kg(以铜计)柠檬酸铜以及20、150 mg/kg(以铜计)硫酸铜的试验饲粮,各组饲粮铜含量实测值依次为5.1、15.6、25.9、25.2和153.4 mg/kg。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜可以显著提高肉兔的平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低料重比、死亡率和腹泻率(P0.05),且20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜组与150 mg/kg硫酸铜组之间上述指标无显著差异(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜可以显著提高肉兔小肠各段绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05),且20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜组与150 mg/kg硫酸铜组之间上述指标无显著差异(P0.05);小肠各段隐窝深度各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜可以显著提高肉兔血清中铜锌超氧化物歧化酶、铜蓝蛋白活性和胰岛素、生长激素含量(P0.05),其中20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜组与150 mg/kg硫酸铜组在血清铜锌超氧化物歧化酶、铜蓝蛋白活性和生长激素含量上差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加20 mg/kg柠檬酸铜可以促进肉兔生长,降低腹泻率和死亡率,促进肠道发育,改善血清生化指标,其作用效果与150 mg/kg硫酸铜相当。     

Iodine deficiency, iodine requirement and iodine excess of farm animals--experiments on growing pigs

Since insufficient iodine intake is widespread among the German population, farm animals should if possible receive iodine above requirement, thus concentrating the trace element in milk, eggs and possibly meat. Experiments with a total of 29 fattening pigs with grain soy-bean meal diets without iodine supplementation or with increasing supplements up to 1000 micrograms iodine/kg diet did not show any effect on growth intensity (gain) and feed efficiency. At and above 125 micrograms supplementary iodine/kg diet the thyroid was not or only little hypertrophied and iodine incorporation into thyroglobulin sufficed to sustain serum T4 concentration. The glucosinolates of rape feeds increase iodine requirement. In an experiment with a total of 36 fattening pigs the thyroid iodine depot was decreased due to rapeseed meal feeding, this in agreement with antithyroid drugs which had been also tested. A thyroid with emptied iodine depot is hardly able to synthesize and release hormone, the serum thyroxine concentration showed a drastic decrease. More iodine may compensate for effects of glucosinolates, however, only with not too much of these compounds in the feed. Excessive iodine dosages (10 mg/kg diet) were compared with supplements in the range of recommendations (100 and 1000 micrograms/kg diet) with a total of 120 pigs in three groups of 40 animals each. The dosage of 10 mg iodine/kg diet decreased serum T3 concentration. The enlarged thyroid with double weight had a very high iodine concentration. In comparison with physiological application (100 or 1000 micrograms iodine/kg diet) the thyroid deposited only little iodine in the group with the excessive iodine intake related to consumed iodine quantity. In case of sufficient and excessive iodine supply--industry of compounds feed applies up to 2.5 mg supplementary iodine/kg diet--T4 and iodine of serum but also thyroid weight cannot serve as markers. This range of usual iodine supply is better characterized by the iodine depot of the thyroid. As a rule, thyroid weight increase indicates glucosinolate effects, generally those of dietary antithyroid compounds, more seldom it shows extreme and longterm iodine undersupply or iodine excess.     

Testing of extracted particles from winter rapeseed with different glucosinolate levels in swine with special reference to the iodine supply. 2. Thyroid hormone status, histomorphometric findings and iodine content of the thyroid gland

In the experiment, 2 x 12 growing pigs received 19 or 6.7 mmol glucosinolates + aglucones/kg feed via conventional rapeseed meal (RSM) or RSM of a newly bred variety. These pigs and 24 littermates pair fed with a soya bean meal (SBM) diet were subdivided in groups of 4 animals each. Their diet contained either no supplementary iodine or an iodine supplementation of up to 1 mg/kg feed. In the RSM and SBM groups the lack of additional iodine lowered the serum T4 and T3 content below the detection limit and caused goitre with about 1 mg iodine in the total thyroid. The SBM diet with 0.0625 mg supplementary iodine/kg increased the serum T4 level and reversed the thyroid enlargement but not that of epithelial cells. The hypothyroidism (goitre and serum T4 level approximately 10 nmol/l) still existed in the case of this iodine dosage together with the RSM of the newly bred variety. A serum T4 level comparable to that of the animals fed SBM was only reached by supplementing the low glucosinolate diet with 0.25 mg iodine/kg feed. The iodine content of the thyroid, however, was reduced by 50 per cent. Though thyroid and epithelial cells were enlarged, this enlargement was not so obvious as in animals exposed to higher glucosinolate level. In spite of 1 mg supplementary iodine/kg feed, the feeding of the conventional RSM resulted in a lower serum T4 level a reduced thyroid iodine content and the enlargement of thyroid and that of epithelial cells. Compared to the high glucosinolate RSM, a significantly lower antithyroid effect of the low glucosinolate RSM was found in pigs with iodine supply. The degree of thyroid enlargement and the serum T4 level were the criteria.     

Effects of supplementary iodine on the performance and egg traits of laying hens

1. This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of dietary iodine supplementation on the performance and egg traits of laying hens. A total of 600 SHSY type brown layers aged 21 weeks of age were chosen at random from a large flock. They were randomly distributed into 30 pens at 20 hens per pen. Each treatment comprised 6 replicates of 20 layers in groups of 5 birds. The diets were supplemented with 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 mg/kg iodine as calcium iodate. The experimental period lasted 30 weeks. 2. There were no significant differences among the groups in body weight, food consumption, egg production, food consumption per kg eggs, eggshell index, eggshell breaking strength, shell thickness or egg yolk index. 3. Supplementation of the diet with 12 mg/kg iodine increased food consumption per dozen eggs compared to the groups fed on diets supplemented with 0 and 6 mg/kg iodine. 4. Egg weight was less in groups fed on diets supplemented with 12 and 24 mg/kg iodine than in the group receiving no iodine supplementation. 5. Iodine supplementation to provide 12 and 24 mg/kg reduced egg albumen index and egg Haugh units. 6. There were no significant differences among the groups in egg cholesterol and egg yolk cholesterol contents. 7. The iodine concentrations in egg yolk, egg albumen and whole egg increased with increased iodine supplementation. 8. As a result, the 3 and 6 mg/kg iodine supplementation of diet could be used to enrich the eggs with iodine without any adverse effect on performance and egg traits.     

Effects of dietary supplementation of selenium and iodine on growth performance,carcass characteristics and histology of thyroid gland in goats

This study assessed the effects of dietary selenium (Se), iodine (I) and a combination of both on growth performance, thyroid gland activity, carcass characteristics and the concentration of iodine and selenium in Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle in goats. Twenty‐four bucks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: control (CON), basal diet without supplementation, basal diet + 0.6 mg Se/kg dry matter (DM) (SS), 0.6 mg I/kg DM (IP), or combination of 0.6 mg/kg DM Se and 0.6 mg/kg DM I (SSIP) and fed for 100 days. Animals fed diet SSIP exhibited higher (P < 0.05) body weight and better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed other diets. Dressing percentage of goats fed the supplemented diets was higher (P < 0.05) than that of the control. Carcasses from the IP group had higher (P < 0.05) total fat proportion than the SSIP group. The levels of both elements were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in LL muscle in supplemented goats. Thyroid follicular epithelial cells of IP and SSIP animals were significantly higher than those of CON and SS groups. The study demonstrated that the combined Se and I dietary supplementation improves growth performance, carcass dressing percentage and increases the retention of Se and I in goat meat.     

Effect of dietary administration of oil extracts from rosemary and sage on lipid oxidation in broiler meat

1. Oxidation of meat and membrane from broilers fed on a diet containing 500 mg/kg rosemary and sage extracts was compared to meat and membrane oxidation from broilers receiving a control diet (not enriched with antioxidants) and a diet enriched in alpha-tocopheryl acetate (200 mg/kg). 2. After 9 d of refrigerated storage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances of white meat from broilers fed on the control and the alpha-tocopheryl acetate-enriched diets were 0.51 and 0.25 mg malonaldehyde/kg meat, respectively. Values for meat from broilers fed on the diets containing the rosemary and sage extracts were in the range 0.30 to 0.35 mg malonaldehyde/kg meat, significantly lower than those from birds fed on the control diet. A similar trend was observed in the dark meat but differences were not significant at 9 d of storage. Similar trends were observed in raw samples stored at- 20C for up to 4 months and in samples cooked at 70C and kept stored under refrigeration for up to 4 d. 3. The meat from broilers fed on the diet containing spice extracts had smaller concentrations of total cholesterol oxidation products (COPS) than meat from the control group (P<0.05). Supplemental alpha-tocopheryl acetate reduced the COPS concentrations to a greater extent than did spice extracts (P<0.05). 4. A similar trend was observed in microsomal fraction isolates, in which the rate of metmyoglobin/hydrogen peroxide-catalysed lipid peroxidation was lower in animals receiving spice extracts than in those fed on the basal diet.     

姜黄素替代育肥猪饲粮中喹烯酮对抗体合成和猪肉品质的影响

试验研究了姜黄素替代猪饲粮中抗菌药物喹烯酮对抗体的合成和猪肉品质的影响。选取64头体重约70 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪,将其分为4组,每组16头猪。在基础饲粮中添加50 mg/kg喹烯酮后,饲喂第1组(对照组)猪;在基础饲粮中分别添加200、3004、00 mg/kg姜黄素后,相应地饲喂第23、4、组猪,饲养试验期40 d。试验结果表明:姜黄素替代育肥猪饲粮中喹烯酮,对猪体健康无不良影响;能改善猪的肉品质量;不同程度地提高猪的病原抗体效价。育肥猪饲粮中姜黄素的适宜添加量为400 mg/kg。     

Effect of dietary oat administration on lipid stability in broiler meat

1. The susceptibility to oxidation of meat from broilers receiving 200 g/kg oats in the diet was compared to the stability of meat from broilers receiving a control diet (10 mg/kg of alpha-tocopheryl acetate) and a diet enriched in alpha-tocopheryl acetate (200 mg/kg). 2. After 9 d of refrigerated storage thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values in raw dark meat (thigh) were 0.51 and 0.19, respectively, for broilers fed on the control and the alpha-tocopheryl acetateenriched diets. Meat from broilers fed on the diet containing oats had a lower TBARS value than the control group (P 0.05), but higher than the group receiving the supplemented diet. The same trend was observed in white meat (breast). Similar effects were observed after the frozen storage of meats, although the antioxidant effect of oats was more evident (P 0.05) than in the raw meat. 3. Cholesterol oxidation products (COPS) in broiler meat were also influenced by the dietary regimen. COPS concentration in white and dark meat, respectively, from broilers fed on the oat diet were 43% and 32% lower than those in the control samples. 4. Supplemental alpha-tocopheryl acetate reduced COPS concentration by approximately 60%. The availability of natural antioxidants and their possible synergistic effects suggest an interesting way of improving meat stability.     

牛至草粉对肉鸭生长性能、抗氧化、肉品质及经济效益的影响

文章旨在评估日粮添加牛至草粉对1～42?d肉鸭生长性能、抗氧化和肉品质的影响。试验选择1日龄、平均体重为（48.63±0.06）g的商品肉鸭560只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复26只。对照组肉鸭饲喂基础日粮,处理1组肉鸭饲喂基础日粮+50?mg/kg抗菌肽,处理2组和处理3组分别饲喂基础日粮+20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉。结果：与对照组相比,20?mg/kg牛至草粉组42?d肉鸭的体重显著提高7.23%（P＜0.05）,同时该组1～42?d肉鸭的饲料报酬显著提高14.81%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉组肉鸭肌肉谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别显著提高23.08%和23.93%（P＜0.05）。抗菌肽组和20?mg/kg牛至草粉组肌肉丙二醛含量较对照组分别显著降低47.49%和52.36%（P＜0.05）。对照组血清丙二醛含量最高,20?mg/kg牛至草粉组丙二醛含量最低,对照组血清丙二醛含量较处理组分别显著提高87.53%、156.96%和78.07%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,处理组肌肉蒸煮损失分别显著降低35.86%、41.73%和39.95%（P＜0.05）,20和40?mg/kg牛至草粉组肌肉硫代巴比妥酸值分别显著降低11.76%和14.71%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本试验条件下,日粮添加牛至草粉对肉鸭的影响可以达到与抗菌肽一致的效果,其中粮添加20?mg/kg牛至草粉可以显著改善1～42?d肉鸭的饲料报酬,提高肌肉和血清的抗氧化性能,降低肌肉蒸煮损失。 [关键词]牛至草|肉鸭|生长性能|抗氧化|肉品质     

Effects of dietary oleuropein supplementation on growth performance,serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quails

An in vivo experiment was conducted to compare the effects of dietary supplementation with oleuropein and/or α‐tocopheryl acetate on growth performance, serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quail meat during refrigerated storage. Performance and slaughtering parameters were not affected by dietary treatments. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg were more effective in delaying lipid oxidation in breast and thigh meats compared with the control diet. The dietary inclusion of neither vitamin E nor oleuropein at different levels did not significantly affect the fatty acid compositions of the breast meat compared with the control diet. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg had significantly the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid and omega‐3 fatty acid contents in thigh meat compared with the vitamin E diet. The ratio of omega‐6 fatty acids to omega‐3 FAs in thigh meat of quails fed diet supplemented with vitamin E at the level of 200 mg/kg was equivalent to those of quails fed the diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 100 and 150 mg/kg . The results showed that the dietary oleuropein supplementation at 150 mg/kg level may be used in quail diets enriched with the polyunsaturated fatty acids of vitamin E as a natural antioxidant.     

多糖复合物--糖萜素对淡水白鲳生长和肉质指标作用的初级报告

试验以淡水白鲳为试验对象,报道不同浓度糖萜素对鱼类生长性能和肉质的影响。本试验分为5个试验组,每组设3个重复,每个重复10尾鱼。空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余4组为基础日粮添加不同浓度糖萜素,分别为125mg/kg;250mg/kg;500mg/kg;1000mg/kg糖萜素试验组。试验鱼体初重为(63.5±2.5)g,试验时间为30d。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,250mg/kg糖萜素增重率提高了57.14%(P<0.05);肌肉中胆固醇含量降低了46.05%(P>0.05);125mg/kg糖萜素和250mg/kg糖萜素血清中胆固醇含量分别比对照组降低21.00%(P>0.05)、11.00%(P>0.05),因此125mg/kg、250mg/kg糖萜素可以提高鱼类生长性能,降低血清和肌肉中胆固醇含量,从而糖萜素可以改善鱼肉品质。