我国樟树害虫研究文献计量分析

采用文献计量学方法,统计分析了1980—2021年在国内期刊上发表的165篇关于樟树害虫研究的中文文献,系统梳理了我国樟树害虫研究概况,明确了该领域的研究热点和发展趋势.研究结果表明目前我国樟树害虫研究处于逐渐发展阶段;应用VOSviewer软件分析文献关键词共现图谱,历年来相关领域研究主要集中在园林植物上的樟树害虫,研究方向主要关注樟树害虫的生物学特性、发生规律、虫情调查和综合防治技术等方面.通过中文文献研究热点知识图谱分析可知,相关研究热点主要在樟巢螟、樟颈曼盲蝽、黑翅土白蚁、樟叶蜂等樟树害虫的研究.文献计量分析结果为我国樟树害虫研究提供了思路和方法.     

国内柠条研究现状

详细介绍了国内柠条的研究现状,分别总结了柠条在分类学、植物区系分布、资源利用开发方面所取得的成果。重点介绍了柠条在分类学方面的研究情况,系统叙述了柠条在植物区系分布方面的成果,另外介绍了柠条的药用、饲用、能用等方面的价值以及这些方面的研究成果。     

Phylogenetic relationship of Picea mongolica with other Picea species in the same area based on chloroplast gene variations

Picea mongolica is a conifer with a limited distribution in China and its taxonomic status is controversial.In order to explore genetic differences between P.mongolica and other nearby Picea species and to investigate its taxonomic status,phylogenetic relationships were analyzed between P.mongolica and Picea koraiensis,Picea meyeri and Picea wilsonii by three chloroplast gene sequences matK,chIB and atpA.The length of joint chloroplast sequence is 2379 bp.The fifteen haplotypes were identified by haplotype network analysis,among which two were major haplotypes and nine were unique.In addition,the genetic diversity of the sample collection species was inferred.Based on the haplotype network and Neighbor Joining phylogenetic tree analysis,P.mongolica was located on the basal clade of the phylogenetic tree which had more primitive taxa,and the genetic diversity of P.mongolica was highest.The significant differences between P.mongolica and these other Picea species were identified by this research.     

中国林业有害植物文献计量分析

为了掌握近年来我国对林业有害植物研究的现状和动态,客观反映相关机构、科研院所和高等院校在该领域的研究内容和关注力度,通过中国知网平台对2003年1月至2015年1月期间的中国林业有害植物研究相关文献进行搜集,使用文献计量法对相关文献的发表刊物、发表年份、研究机构和涉及学科等情况进行统计分析,结果显示,林业有害植物研究文献发文量排前的23种期刊里,文献主要集中在8种(占60%以上)期刊中;发文数量整体上呈逐年递增趋势,伴有小幅波动,这可能与定期林业有害生物普查有关;发文最多的单位是国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站和国家林业局,共42篇(占38.53%),说明国家层面较为重视;对林业有害植物研究涉及最多的7个学科方向进行了分析,其中关于林业有害植物生物学和生态学与国外相比,研究相对较少。     

我国落叶松鞘蛾的研究概况及发展方向

本综述了近20年来有关我国落叶松鞘娥的分类学、发生规律、生态学、天敌、防治技术和种群综合管理的研究结果，指出了今后的研究重点和发展方向。     

Responding to the Kyoto Protocol through forestry: A comparison of opportunities for several countries in Europe

Climate change has become an important environmental policy issue. Numerous carbon sequestration policy initiatives, potential benefits of which in environmental, economic and social terms could be substantial, are directed toward both woodland expansion and using of wood as a substitute for fossil fuels. There is a great deal of uncertainty, however, on how to define sustainability of such policies in a broadly acceptable and efficient way; how to translate sustainability requirements into policy guidelines; how to overcome market limitations and where to place biomass production in the general context of land use where contemporary agricultural change will likely be influential. On the basis of several countries from Europe (the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Ukraine) this paper highlights social and economic problems of moderating carbon emissions through afforestation. It provides an indication of whether forestry can offer a socially acceptable and a low-cost opportunity for carbon uptake. The conclusion is that along with carbon sequestration potential, the level of land use integration and the stage of institutional development play important roles for effective implementation of climate policies. The necessity is then to link these policies with regional developments, and to back them up with adequate economic incentives, appropriate institutions and with public engagement in environmental decision-making.     

印度等国竹材造纸考察报告

收集和了解了印度竹材资源种类资料、竹材制浆造纸技术发展水平和设备情况,芬兰美桌造纸机械公司发展情况以及国际森林认证方面的信息。在此基础上,提出了与印度JK纸业、芬兰美桌公司及国际森林认证机构(PEFC)进行技术交流和开展经贸合作的建议。     

洛基山刺柏、白云杉引进及繁育技术研究

依据气候相似性原理从加拿大引进洛基山刺柏和白云杉种子,根据其生物学特性,分别进行了不同的催芽处理,运用温室容器育苗技术,进行合理的基质配置和不同播种方式,用我国已有树种祁连圆柏、青海云杉、紫果云杉、川西云杉、沙地云杉作对照进行育苗试验,通过试验观测,在苗期(2~3 a)洛基山刺柏生长量远远大于祁连圆柏;白云杉生长量较紫果云杉高,较川西云杉、沙地云杉低,与青海云杉很接近。从苗期适生性来预测,洛基山刺柏、白云杉有望成为适宜青海省或相似寒旱地区造林新树种。     

我国林木固氮的研究现状和前景展望

林木固氮已成为当前我国急需解决的重大课题之一。作者对生物固氮的研究现状和我国林木固氮研究的概况进行了综合分析,并针对当前我国林木固氮存在的问题,提出了今后的研究方向。     

沙地云杉(Piceamongolica)在中国的形成、分布和特性(英文)

沙地云杉是中国的珍稀濒危树种。沙地云杉林是陆地上非常特殊的森林生态系统类型。它存在于我国森林草原过渡带,也是我国的农牧交错区。在本文中,我们讨论了沙地云杉的形成和分布,研究了沙地云杉的性质和特性。沙地云杉属于白扦云杉系列,是白扦云杉长期适应当地气候而演化的地方宗,然后形成异域的半种,最后形成分类种。沙地云杉林是森林草原过渡带上的超地带性顶极群落。     

基于文献计量学分析的我国桫椤研究现状

为了促进桫椤的信息交流,为其深入研究提供理论依据,以《中国期刊全文数据库》1986—2016年文献数据和Soo PAT搜索的专利数据为检索对象,采用文献计量学方法,简要总结分析31 a来我国桫椤研究的现状,对其年度分布、研究内容、文献源和核心作者群、专利情况等指标进行统计分析。结果显示:我国桫椤研究经历了初期缓慢、中期迅速及后期平稳3个发展阶段;研究内容涉及种群分布和物种多样性、繁殖栽培技术、资源保护、成分分析等多个领域;论文主要发布在《生命世界》、《安徽农业科学》、《云南植物研究》等期刊上;形成了以宋萍、敖光辉、陈封政、尚进和赵心益等为主的43位核心作者群,论文合作率高达58.2%,说明桫椤相关研究倾向于由合作团队来完成。     

Response to climate changes in radial growth of Picea crassifolia in the Qilian mountains of northwestern China

In order to investigate the response to climate changes in radial growth of Picea crassifolia at the lower tree line in the middle Qilian mountains in northwestern China, relationships of standardized chronologies of annua ring, earlywood and latewood widths with mean monthly temperature and total monthly precipitation were analyzed by ways of correlation and pointer year analyses. The results show that annual ring, earlywood and latewood widths are significantly negatively correlated with mean monthly temperature in June and Juy. Annual ring and eadywooc widths are significantly and positively correlated with tOtal monthly precipitation in March, May and June and negatively correlated with total monthly precipitation in September. Latewood width is less sensitive to climate changes than the width of earlywood and insignificantly sensitive to precipitation. The results of pointer year analysis revealed that whet summer temperatures are higher than the mean summer temperature synchronization and the summer precipitatior lower than mean summer precipitation synchronization, narrow annual rings are formed. Wide annual rings are formec~ when summer temperatures are lower than the mean summer temperature synchronization and summer precipitation higher than mean summer precipitation synchronization. The results indicate that more precipitation in the spring and summer is helpful for radial growth while warmer summer restricts radial growth of P. crassifolia at the lower tree line in the middle Qilian mountains.     

从文献计量分析看我国黑荆树的研究现状

通过黑荆树的文献量、文献内容、文献作者分布几方面分析我国黑荆树资源的研究现状、存在问题及今后的研究方向。     

泉州湾重要湿地的现状评价与保护对策研究

泉州湾湿地生物极其丰富，是中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)、黄嘴白鹭(Egretta eulopholes)、绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)等一系列国家重点保护野生动物和中日、中澳候鸟保护协定鸟类的重要栖息地，已列入中国优先保护生态系统和亚洲重要湿地名录，是中国亚热带河口湿地的典型代表。章对泉州湾湿地现状进行评价，为泉州湾湿地申报国际重要湿地提供依据，并提出保护对策。     

The changing landscape of mangroves in Bangladesh compared to four other countries in tropical regions

Loss of mangroves and consequent habitat fragmentation is a major concern throughout the world's tropical countries. Conversion of mangrove habitat due to aquaculture, agriculture, urbanization and industrialization, ecotourism, overlapping bureaucracy and conflicting policies is occurring at a striking rate. This paper reviews the trends of mangrove area changes in Bangladesh and compares them with four other countries in tropical regions that have significant mangrove areas. The rate of mangrove loss from the 1980 to 2005 was calculated using the compound interest rate formula for its explicit biological implication. In Bangladesh, the area of mangroves was found to have increased due to its higher accretion rate. In India the rate of mangrove loss had fallen. The rate of mangrove loss in Malaysia in the 1990s(-0.008 ha·a-1) was higher than the 1980s(-0.004 ha·a-1). In Indonesia, the rate decreased, from the 1980s(-0.018 ha·a-1) to the 1990s(-0.010 ha·a-1). Finally in Myanmar the rate of mangrove loss gradually accelerated. Aquaculture was found to be the common cause of mangrove conversion in the regions. Loss of mangroves is now a prominent global issue, associated with the loss of biodiversity, deterioration of habitat integrity, climatic changes, the amount of carbon sequestration, and resulting sea-level rise. Therefore, a systematic evaluation of these environmental impacts is prerequisite to realize sustainable mangrove management.     

Development of a molecular test to determine the vitality status of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings during frozen storage

In boreal forest regions, a great portion of forest tree seedlings are stored indoors in late autumn to prevent seedlings from outdoor winter damage. For seedlings to be able to survive in storage it is crucial that they store well and can cope with the dark and cold storage environment. The aim of this study was to search for genes that can determine the vitality status of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings during frozen storage. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the ColdNSure? test, a gene activity test that predicts storability was assessed. The storability of seedlings was tested biweekly by evaluating damage with the gene activity test and the electrolyte leakage test after freezing seedlings to ?25?°C (the SEL_diff-25 method). In parallel, seedlings were frozen stored at ?3?°C. According to both methods, seedlings were considered storable from week 41. This also corresponded to the post storage results determined at the end of the storage period. In order to identify vitality indicators, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was performed on bud samples collected during storage. Comparing physiological post storage data to gene analysis data revealed numerous vitality related genes. To validate the results, a second trial was performed. In this trial, gene activity was better in predicting seedling storability than the conventional freezing test; this indicates a high sensitivity level of this molecular assay. For multiple indicators a clear switch between damaged and vital seedlings was observed. A collection of indicators will be used in the future development of a commercial vitality test.     

红皮云杉幼树移栽死亡原因及对策

红皮云杉(Piceakoraiensis)不仅是珍贵的用材树种,更是城镇绿化和庭院观赏树种。红皮云杉干形通直,冠如尖塔,树姿雄伟,挺拔苍翠,四季常绿。根据我们研究,红皮云杉冠幅与树高之比近于0 618,因此,美化效果非常好。根据我们调查,我省各城镇都把红皮云杉作为绿化的主体树种,是东北各城镇不可多得的优良绿化树种。但实际工作中发现,红皮云杉移栽成活率和保存率低,枯死过多,影响了绿化效果,造成较大的经济损失。1死亡原因1 1环境因素红皮云杉是耐荫树种,最适生于空气湿度大、气候凉爽、土层深厚肥沃、排水良好的环境条件。城镇栽植红皮云杉主要…     

Dynamic response to climate change in the radial growth of Picea schrenkiana in western Tien Shan,ChinaOA

Forests are important ecosystems for economic and social development. However, the response of tree radial growth to climate has produced ‘divergent problems’ at high latitudes under global warming. In this study, the response stability and trend of Picea schrenkiana radial growth to variability in climate factors were analyzed in the mid-latitudes of the western Tien Shan Mountains. Radial growth of P.schrenkiana was mainly limited by minimum and mean temperatures. The divergent responses of ra...     

Transfer of the P-type of Heterobasidion annosum from old-growth stumps of Picea abies to Picea abies and Larix×eurolepis

The infection of Picea abies and Larix x eurolepis by Heterobasidion annosum was studied in felled trees in Sweden. Thinnings were carried out in two stands of L. x eurolepis, 15 and 20 years old, and in a 25-year-old stand of P. abies, established on a site heavily infected by H. annosum. The 15- and 20-year-old L. x eurolepis stands exhibited the greatest incidence of butt rot with infections amounting to 38 and 57%, respectively, of removed trees. The incidence of butt rot in the P. abies stand was only 5%. Heterobasidion annosum was the main butt rot causing fungus. All isolates of H. annosum were of the P-intersterility group. Transfer of H. annosum from old-growth P. abies stumps to trees felled in the thinning of the next generation was demonstrated by somatic incompatibility tests. However, the majority of infections could not be connected with decay already established in the previous generation. In L. c eurolepis, rot columns were frequent, including also several genotypes in the same stem, and typically positioned in the inner sapwood. The few infections of P. abies were situated in the heartwood.