甜玉米无公害优质高产栽培技术

甜玉米既包括集鲜、甜、嫩、清香于一体的黑玉米,又有极早熟的普甜、超甜、加强甜黄白玉米,是集果、蔬、饲一体的经济作物。甜玉米籽粒的可溶性碳水化合物、蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、脂肪的含量大大高于普通玉米（其中赖氨酸和色氨酸是普通玉米的2倍）,且皮薄无渣,纤维少,清甜爽口,既可制成罐头,又可作鲜食用,市场前景广阔。由于甜玉米上市早,产量高,     

黄淮地区甜玉米优质高产栽培技术

甜玉米包括集鲜、甜、嫩、清香于一体,松软可口的黑玉米,又有极早熟普甜、超甜、加强甜黄白玉米,是集果、蔬、饲于一体的经济作物。由于其上市早,品质好、抗逆性强、用途广泛、效益高,近年来推广面积越来越大。1选择优良对路品种依据生产目的,选择对路品种类型,如以幼嫩果穗作水果、蔬菜上市为主,应用超甜玉米品种。以作罐头制品为主的则应选用普通甜玉米。此外,还应注意早、中晚熟品种搭配种植,陆续上市,从而提高经济效益。2隔离种植,防止串粉甜玉米属于胚乳性状的隐性基因变异,一旦接受了普通玉米或其它玉米的花粉,当代就变成普通玉米而丧…     

鲜食甜、糯玉米新品种比较试验初报

鲜食甜、糯玉米是深受国内外消费者喜爱的保健型特种玉米,产量高,效益佳。上杭县农业局2000年从广东引进鲜食超甜玉米种植并获得成功,社会效益、经济效益均较好,年种植面积达200公顷以上。为了更好地发展上杭县特种玉米生产优势,笔者于2008年春季引进多份特种玉米新品种进行比较试验,以期筛选出适宜我县种植的鲜食甜、糯玉米新品种,为进一步示范推广提供依据。现将试验结果汇总如下：     

杂交玉米品种毕单15号高产高效栽培技术

杂交玉米新品种毕单15号是贵州省毕节地区农业科学研究所针对黔西北地区复杂生态环境成功选育的集多个优良性状于一体的优良玉米杂交种。为进一步探讨该品种的增产潜力．近年来进行了一系列的试验研究及示范．总结提出了一套适于贵州高海拔山区推广种植的杂交玉米新品种毕单15号高产栽培技术．供大面积生产上参考应用．     

“加甜糯玉米”三亚培育试种成功

"加甜糯玉米"在三亚市田独镇新村田洋培育试种成功,并首次突破了甜玉米和糯玉米不能杂交育种的空白。据介绍,"加甜糯玉米"是由"甜玉米"和"糯玉米"交配培育的新品种。这个品种不但集香、甜、     

高油玉米种质资源的发明创新与产业发展

高油玉米是人工运用现代科学技术创造的一种高附加值优质专用玉米新类型，不仅含油量高，而且全面改善了玉米的籽粒和秸秆的品质，具有普通玉米难以比拟的优越性。它是集粮食、油料、饲料和工业原料等多功能为一体的作物。     

博士归国创业 甜糯玉米飘香

<正>一盘盘刚蒸煮出来的玉米果穗整齐地摆列桌面,有甜的,有糯的,还有甜加糯的;有白色、黄色、紫色、黑色,还有彩色和巧克力色的,散发着阵阵清香,引得与会者前往品尝,并博得"果穗修长美观、籽粒晶莹剔透、口感清香、皮薄无渣"一片赞扬声,当场就有经销商和种植户表示要订制某几个品种。这是蔬果玉米新品种推介会上的情景。河北保定博斯玉米科技开发公司是集蔬果玉米育种、生产、加工、出口为一体的产业化企业。2015年9月10日,博斯玉米公司新育成的蔬果玉米品种发布会在顺平县举行,公司总经理、育种家刘占文是发布会的主角。刘占文毕业于北京农业大学,在中国农业科学院长期从事农作物种质资源研究工作。     

浙江金华磐安县鲜食玉米新品种引种比较试验

为筛选适宜磐安县推广种植的优良鲜食玉米品种,以 7 个鲜食玉米品种为材料,对参试品种的生育期、农艺性状、产量、品质等指标进行对比与分析。试验结果表明,参试的 7 个鲜食玉米品种间性状表现差异较大,其中雪甜 7401、浙甜 20、黑甜糯 168 综合性状表现良好,符合农民对鲜食玉米新品种的需求,适宜在磐安县推广种植。珍甜 1718 产量低、易倒伏,田间综合表现较差,不适宜在磐安县进行推广种植。     

我国主要鲜食玉米产区高铁锌含量种质资源的筛选

通过分析我国主要鲜食玉米产区种质资源中铁锌微营养成分,筛选出浙糯玉4号、浙803糯、德宏紫玉米和梅玉米铁锌含量相对较高的糯玉米材料及正甜613、正甜38和粤甜13铁锌含量相对较高的甜玉米材料。持续稳定地选育高铁锌含量的玉米材料是改良和提升其微营养含量的有效办法,通过高铁锌含量鲜食玉米的重点推广可改善我国贫困山区人口的微营养缺乏状况。     

农大超甜1号高产栽培技术

农大超甜1号(甜单21号)是中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院于1999年培育成功的超甜玉米单交种,2003年通过国家审定(审定编号:国审玉2003027)。其特点是适应性广,抗病,抗倒,高产,适宜黄淮和西南玉米主产区推广种植。     

植物新品种保护与品种审定的意义和异同

随着知识产权愈来愈受到社会各界的关注，植物新品种保护工作也显得尤为重要。该文着重介绍了植物新品种保护的发展概况、意义及其与品种审定的异同，使读者对植物新品种保护工作有所了解。     

大白菜施肥技巧与主要病虫害防治

1施肥技巧 大白菜施肥原则是：整地重施有机肥，苗后分次巧追肥。追肥要掌握“少量多次、前少后多、分期供给”。肥后及时浇水，以达到肥水均匀，充分发挥肥效。     

我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望

1　我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1　播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm²,发展到1333.3万hm²,增长139.5%。1.2　总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg……     

Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and residues of oil and protein crops

Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha⁻¹ grain and 16 t ha⁻¹ residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha⁻¹, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha⁻¹; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha⁻¹. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO⁻₃-N ha⁻¹.     

果蔬采后存在问题及贮藏保鲜技术发展

随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。     

Approaches and Applications of Chemomics and Chemoinformatics

Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology.     

向日葵抗盐碱生理生化机制与生长发育特性分析

以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F₂群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脯氨酸（Pro）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛（MDA）等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F₂群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F₂群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关（正相关或负相关）,且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。     

On Fengshui and Rockery and Water Layout

Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design.     

果蔬食品的褐变与控制

结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。     

Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection.