木薯细胞壁酸性转化酶MeCWINCV5基因启动子的克隆和序列分析

[目的]了解MeCWINCV5在植物生长发育、激素调节和逆境胁迫应答中的功能.[方法]采用PCR方法从木薯基因组中分离MeCWINCV5基因启动子序列,考察MeCWINCV5对植物生长发育、激素调节和逆境胁迫应答的影响.[结果]分析显示启动子的长度为1170bp,合有TATA box和CAAT box等多个典型的真核生物启动子基本元件元件,还存在大量逆境胁迫诱导相关的顺式调控元件,如HSE、MBS、SARE、GARE-motif和TATC-box等多个与植物逆境胁迫相关的元件.[结论]MeCWINCV5基因启动子与逆境胁迫有关,在木薯抵御逆境胁迫的生理过程中具有重要作用.     

Isolation and Characterization of E11 Gene Promoter from Tomato

A fragment of 2 000 bp upstream sequence of E11 clone was amplified from genomic DNA of the tomato cultivar Zhongshu5. Sequence analysis showed that the upstream contains the regulatory elements: TATA box (-29 - -22), CAAT box (-193- -189), wound, and drought response elements. Expression vectors of E11 promoter gus fusion were constructed with the promoters of 1 200 and 2 000 bp regions, respectively. Transgenic tomato plants were obtained through Agrobacteriummediated transformation. Histochemical analysis of GUS activity in various tissues showed that the two promoters were able to direct fruit-specific gene expression. The expression driven by promoter of 2 000 bp upstream fragment could increase GUS activity with the maturation of tomato fruits. The promoter of -1 200 bp fragment could direct gus gene expression in fruits with the inductions of drought and wounding. The regulatory region for fruit-specificity was probably located in the region of 1200 bp of 5'-flanking sequence and some positive regulatory elements or enhancers may exist in the region from -1200 to -2000 bp.     

高尔基体驻膜糖蛋白GP73启动子克隆

[目的]寻找并克隆有活性的高尔基体膜蛋白GP73的启动子。[方法]对GP73基因转录起始位点上游1 000 bp至下游400 bp序列进行软件分析预测,以肝癌细胞系Huh7基因组DNA为模板,扩增目标片段,构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)为报告基因的重组质粒,转染细胞后在荧光显微镜下观察EGFP的表达,并采用流式细胞仪定量检测转染细胞的荧光强度。[结果]发现GP73转录起始位点上游980到下游330 bp长1 310 bp的序列具有启动子功能。该区域可能具有两个核心启动子序列和多个保守序列,包括TATA box和NF-κB、AP1、GC-SP1等DNA结合序列。[结论]该研究为探讨GP73的转录机制提供了参考。     

Transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells transfected by Harvey ras oncogene

Transfection of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with a plasmid carrying the ras oncogene of Harvey murine sarcoma virus (v-Ha ras) changed the growth requirements, terminal differentiation, and tumorigenicity of the recipient cells. One of the cell lines isolated after transfection (TBE-1) was studied extensively and shown to contain v-Ha ras DNA. Total cellular RNA from TBE-1 cells hybridized to v-Ha ras structural gene fragment probes five to eight times more than RNA from parental NHBE cells. The TBE-1 cells expressed phosphorylated v-Ha ras polypeptide p21, showed a reduced requirement for growth-factor supplements, and became aneuploid as an early cellular response to v-Ha ras expression. As the transfectants acquire an indefinite life-span and anchorage independence they became transplantable tumor cells and showed many phenotypic changes suggesting a pleiotropic mechanism for the role of Ha ras in human carcinogenesis.     

毛竹IDD基因家族启动子分析

IDD基因家族编码一种混合型的转录因子,多数参与植物的生长发育.真核基因的表达受多种因素的调控,其中启动子在转录水平上的调节作用至关重要.本研究截取毛竹IDD家族8个基因(Ph IDD1-2,Ph IDD4-8和Ph ID1)起始密码子前2 000 bp序列,顺式作用元件分析显示,这些基因启动子中均存在TATA框和CAAT框,除此之外,上游调控区域还存在光响应元件、激素响应元件、逆境胁迫元件以及其他响应元件,其中有些元件是某个基因所特有的,表现出该基因家族各基因独特的表达模式,也表明该家族基因的功能分化,参与植物发育的各个阶段.     

CDC25: a component of the RAS-adenylate cyclase pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two functional homologues of the ras oncogene family, RAS1 and RAS2. These genes are required for growth, and all evidence indicates that this essential function is the activation of adenylate cyclase. In contrast, ras in mammalian cells does not appear to influence adenylate cyclase activity. To clarify the relation between ras function in yeast and in higher eukaryotes, and the role played by yeast RAS in growth control, it is necessary to identify functions acting upstream of RAS in the adenylate cyclase pathway. The evidence presented here indicates that CDC25, identified by conditional cell cycle arrest mutations, encodes such an upstream function.     

西农萨能奶山羊脂肪酸合酶基因启动子的克隆及活性测定

【目的】克隆测定西农萨能奶山羊脂肪酸合酶基因（Fatty Acid Synthase,FAS）启动子的全长序列,进行活性区域分析,为奶山羊FAS基因功能和表达调控机理研究提供依据。【方法】根据牛和人脂肪酸合酶基因启动子的同源序列以及西农萨能奶山羊脂肪酸合酶基因5′UTR区域,分别设计上、下游引物,以西农萨能奶山羊全血DNA为模板克隆启动子序列。依据生物信息学分析结果重设引物,将FAS启动子基因分段克隆并连接到荧光素酶表达载体PGL-3,与Psv-β-半乳糖苷酶对照载体共转染293、MCF-7细胞,进行荧光素酶活性检测和β-半乳糖苷酶的活性检测。【结果】FAS基因启动子序列全长2 640 bp,与牛、人FAS启动子序列同源性90％以上,包括数个潜在SP1、Ets、LSF等转录因子结合位点和CCAAT框、GC框。-1 040—-340 bp处可能包含启动子活性中心,通过启动子缺失片段试验将活性中心范围缩小至-721—-540 bp之间。【结论】通过克隆FAS基因启动子区域,分析表明启动子前端存在负调控元件,找出了启动子最小活性中心。     

巴西橡胶树小橡胶粒子蛋白（SRPP）基因启动子的克隆及其功能分析

小橡胶粒子蛋白(SRPP)是巴西橡胶树中参与橡胶生物合成的重要蛋白因子之一。SRPP的氨基酸序列与橡胶延长因子(REF)和菜豆胁迫相关蛋白(PVSRP)的同源性分别为72%和68%。为了进一步研究SRPP基因表达及其调控的机制,作者采用接头连接介导的PCR散步法(ligation-mediated PCR),克隆了SRPP基因的启动子。序列分析表明,SRPP基因启动子中与光诱导相关的顺式元件占39%,可能属于光诱导型启动子,因此,SRPP基因的表达可能受光信号的调控。此外,SRPP基因启动子还具有热激响应元件(HSE)、干旱胁迫响应元件(MBS)、防卫和胁迫响应元件(TC-richrepeats)、脱落酸响应元件(ABRE)、赤霉素响应元件(GARE)和激发子响应元件(EIRE,Wbox)等,这表明橡胶树SRPP基因不仅参与调控橡胶生物合成,而且可能是橡胶树中响应逆境信号的抗性基因,在橡胶树抵御逆境胁迫的生理过程中发挥重要作用。     

水稻钙依赖型蛋白激酶OsCPK9基因启动子的克隆及在烟草中的瞬时表达分析

植物钙依赖型蛋白激酶(CDPK)调控钙信号途径下游组分,与植物的生长发育及各种逆境生理过程密切相关。通过对本课题组克隆的水稻OsCPK9基因的cDNA序列与NCBI中的水稻基因组数据库进行比对、定位,结合生物信息学的方法,预测到基因上游的一段启动子序列。进而利用PCR的方法从水稻‘日本晴’(Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare)基因组DNA中克隆到了水稻OsCPK9基因5’端上游约2 kb的DNA序列,命名为POsCPK9。PLANTCARE在线分析表明,POsCPK9序列除包含植物启动子所必备的基本元件如TATA box 和CAAT box外,还含有多个与逆境和信号物质相关的顺式表达元件。将克隆到的POsCPK9取代pBI121中的CaMV 35S 启动子,构建成POsCPK9与GUS的融合表达载体POsCPK9 GUS;通过农杆菌介导的方法在烟草的根、茎、叶中进行瞬时表达。结果显示,该启动子驱动的GUS基因在烟草的根、茎、叶中都有不同程度的表达。说明OsCPK9基因上游2 kb具有启动子活性。     

贵州矮马与伊犁马生长激素基因5’侧翼区的结构特征

为了摸索贵州矮马生长发育的调控机制,探明贵州矮马与伊犁马生长激素基因5’侧翼区的结构特征,以4～5龄的贵州矮马和7～8龄的新疆伊犁马为研究对象,采用直接测序法从两种马基因组中克隆了生长激素(GH)基因5’侧翼区的DNA序列,并进行生物信息学分析。结果表明:1)从基因组中克隆的711bp片段为GH基因5’侧翼区序列;2)两个马品种的GH基因5’侧翼区中都存在TATA box、CAATbox、GC box和Octamer位点等真核生物启动子结构;3)从伊犁马GH基因5’侧翼区中检测到1个位于30bp处的突变位点发生了G→C颠换,由此新增了1个转录因子upstream stimulatory factor(USF)结合位点;4)从贵州矮马和伊犁马GH基因的5’侧翼区序列中发现了MZF1、CdxA、Nkx-2、AML-1a和c-Myc等19种共58个转录因子的结合位点。结论:克隆的711bp基因序列中存在大量的转录调控元件。     

猪内源性反转录病毒5′非编码区启动子活性的分析

 【目的】构建以缺失不同功能区的猪内源性反转录病毒（PERV）5′非编码区（5′UTR）为启动子的萤光素酶表达载体，分析5′UTR的转录调控规律。【方法】将含有不同功能域的PERV的UTR克隆至萤光素酶表达载体上，转染瞬时表达细胞Cos-7，检测萤光素酶的表达。【结果】缺失R区的5′UTR显示出很强的启动子活性，U3重复区序列缺失的5′UTR启动子活性显著下降。UTR显示出较之LTR强的启动子活性。缺失整个U3区的UTR比仅缺失U3重复区的UTR启动子活性强。【结论】在R区有转录因子的结合位点可引起转录活性下降；U3重复区序列表现出增强子的活性。在5′UTR的下游序列中，包括引物结合区(PBS)和前导序列(Leader)可能有某些转录因子的结合位点引起转录增强，同时在U3重复区的上游和下游序列可能存在某些转录因子的结合位点可减少5′UTR的转录活性。     

Cloning of Soybean 24 kDa Oleosin Gene and Its Transient Expression as a Carrier for Foreign Protein

The genomic DNA sequence encoding soybean 24 kDa oleosin and its promoter were cloned and analyzed for investigation of the potentials of the oleosin acted as a carrier for production of recombinant proteins in plant. The -300 box, GA-rich, G-box, SEF-3, SEF-4, RY box, ABA box, CAn and TATA box were found in the upstream region of the soybean oleosin gene, which shows the functional oleosin promoter available. Homology comparison reveals that the soybean 24 kDa oleosin shares the highest identity with the soybean oleosin isoform A (U09118, GenBank), reaching to 98.4% in nucleotide. A soybean oleosinhirudin fusion gene driven by the oleosin promoter was constructed and inserted into plant binary expression vector. The intact tobacco plantlets were transformed by means of vacuum infiltration approach, with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the above vector. The transient correct expression of oleosin-hirudin fusion gene was identified by SDS/PAGE, western blotting and enterokinase treatment.     

乳腺特异表达载体缺失片段的鉴定与修复

通过对pBC1中的乳腺特异表达启动子成分进行分析,鉴定了位于β酪蛋白启动子上游两个EcoRⅠ位点(-89~-94和-120~-125)之间的缺失片段,31bp的缺失使得该载体中的一个乳控盒元件(-112~-141)和一个乳腺因子识别序列(-92~-102)遭到破坏,并使得位于TATA框上游的所有启动子成分发生了位置改变。通过与山羊β酪蛋白启动子序列进行比较,设计并合成了缺失片段,经一系列的酶切和连接处理,使得该缺失得到了修复,修复后的载体具有所有乳蛋白表达需要的启动子调控原件。本试验结果为利用修复后的乳腺特异高效表达载体进行乳腺生物反应器的研究奠定了分子生物学基础。     

The product of the c-fms proto-oncogene: a glycoprotein with associated tyrosine kinase activity

The c-fms proto-oncogene is a member of a gene family that has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Glycoproteins encoded by c-fms were identified in cat spleen cells by means of an immune-complex kinase assay performed with monoclonal antibodies to v-fms-coded epitopes. The major form of the normal cellular glycoprotein has an apparent molecular weight of 170,000 and, like the product of the viral oncogene, serves as a substrate for an associated tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity in vitro. The results suggest that the transforming glycoprotein specified by v-fms is a truncated form of a c-fms-coded growth factor receptor.     

鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区启动子活性鉴定与分析

文章采用基因定点突变和报告基因技术作A/T富集区启动子鉴定和转录调控分析,研究鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区是否具有启动子活性。PromPredict预测分析提示miR-17-92基因簇上游-388～-444 bp处可能是启动子区域。转录因子结合位点分析发现,A/T富集区存在3个E2F1潜在结合位点,分别位于miR-17-92基因簇上游-1 273 bp(结合位点1)、-1 186 bp(结合位点2)和-753 bp(结合位点3)处。报告基因活性分析发现,鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区具有启动子活性,其中miR-17-92基因簇上游-440/-1区域启动子活性最强。共转染分析显示,转录因子E2F1极显著抑制该A/T富集区启动子活性(P<0.01);进一步定点突变分析表明E2F1通过E2F1结合位点1和2抑制A/T富集区启动子活性。报告基因分析发现,与对A/T富集区启动子作用不同,E2F1促进miR-17-92基因簇宿主基因(MIR17HG)启动子活性。文章首次发现鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游存在一个新的转录调控区,对揭示鸡miR-17-92基因簇转录调控具有重要意义。