樟科5个树种育苗技术

文章对樟树、阴香、厚壳桂、刨花润楠、闽楠5个樟科树种进行育苗技术的初步探讨。通过几年的试验表明，阴香发芽率最高，为91％，其次是樟树88％，再次是刨花润楠80％。小苗生长最快是樟树，年增高65．5cm，其次为阴香53．4cm，最慢是厚壳桂年增高30cm。5个树种的袋苗高30～50cm时，均可造林且成活率高。     

刨花楠、花梨木、乐东拟单性木兰嫩枝扦插繁殖试验

对刨花楠、花梨木、乐东拟单性木兰3树种当年生半木质化嫩枝采用不同生根促进剂及浓度的扦插试验表明:3树种的嫩枝扦插成活率、生根率、生根系数、生根数量及根长等生根性状均有显著差异,不同树种对各生根剂及浓度反应不一,3树种较佳的处理组合是:刨花楠:ABT3生根剂,浓度500 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达56.7%,生根率达56.7%,平均根数为6.7条, 平均最长根长9.2cm;花梨木:IBA生根剂,浓度为100 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达53.3%,生根率达53.3%,平均根数为4.6条,平均最长根长为14.2cm;乐东拟单性木兰:NAA生根剂,浓度为100 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达76.7%,生根率达53.6%,平均根数为3.2条,平均最长根长为6.4cm.     

不同激素处理对红火球紫薇组织培养的影响

以红火球紫薇（Lagerstroemia indica ‘Dynamite’）优树嫩枝为外植体,研究了不同浓度激素组合对红火球紫薇组培苗增殖及生根的影响。结果表明,最适腋芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+IBA 0.05 mg·L-1,诱导率达72 %。最佳增殖培养基为改良MS+6-BA 0.3 mg·L-1+IBA 0.02 mg·L-1,增殖系数可达4.6,芽高为3.8 cm;生根最适培养基为改良WPM+IBA 0.4 mg·L-1,生根率为98.5%,平均每株苗生根3～4条。炼苗后,移栽于泥炭土+珍珠岩（3:1,V/V）混合基质中,成活率为90%以上。     

金叶接骨木绿枝扦插试验

通过采用不同浓度的吲哚丁酸、萘乙酸溶液处理金叶接骨木绿枝插穗,配合其它措施进行扦插试验。结果表明:金叶接骨木插穗在75mg·L-1的吲哚丁酸(IBA)或萘乙酸(NAA)溶液中浸蘸24h进行扦插,其生根率为95%和93%,每个插穗平均生根9条,平均根长度15cm和14cm,二次枝梢高度为10cm和9cm,这些指标都明显高于其它处理,可在生产上应用并以萘乙酸为主。     

不同处理对软枣猕猴桃硬枝扦插生根的影响

通过设置不同激素及其浓度和不同插穗粗度处理对软枣猕猴桃进行硬枝扦插生根试验,结果表明,适宜浓度的IBA、APT对软枣猕猴桃硬枝扦插生根均有促进作用,用100 mg?L-1IBA激素处理12 h综合质量达到最佳,生根率达80.2%,平均根数12.23条,平均根长2.8 cm;插穗粗细对生根有影响,插穗直径为4.5~6.5 mm时生根效果最好。     

不同穗条处理对刨花润楠扦插生根的影响研究

以不同单株刨花润楠为研究对象,研究了不同浓度ABT1、不同穗条处理和黄化作用对扦插成活率和生根率的影响。结果表明：刨花润楠扦插生根的成活率和生根率在不同浓度ABT1、不同穗条处理和黄化处理间分别存在显著或极显著差异。经过200ppm 的ABT1处理后的扦插成活率和生根率分别高达53.0％、39.8%;留半叶的扦插效果明显较好,其成活率和生根率分别比1叶处理提高11.11%～33.77%、26.3%～42.5%;黄化插穗的成活率和生根率分别为45.6%～63.9%、31.5%～54.0%,均明显优于未黄化插穗。     

基于正交试验的梅片树扦插育苗研究

利用正交试验法开展梅片树（Cinnamomum burmanni）嫩枝扦插繁育试验,旨在研究插穗类 型、生长调节剂种类及其质量浓度、基质类型等因素对梅片树扦插生根的影响。试验结果表明：插穗类 型、生根激素、激素质量浓度、扦插基质均会影响梅片树嫩枝扦插的生根性状,但影响程度存在差异; 生根率受插穗种类、生根激素、激素质量浓度、扦插基质 4 个因素影响,侧根数主要受到激素质量浓度 影响,不定根长主要受到激素种类、激素质量浓度及插穗类型影响。经比较分析,插穗类型采用带顶芽 茎段、生根激素使用 NAA : IBA=1 : 1 或 GGR、激素处理质量浓度为 100~150 mg/L、扦插基质使用黄心 土的生根效果较好,平均生根率达 88.15%,平均侧根数为 2.5 根,平均根长为 11.05 cm,根系发育较好。 因此在生产上梅片树扦插宜采用带顶芽茎段的插穗经 100~150 mg/L 的 NAA : IBA=1 : 1 组合或 GGR 浸泡 处理 3 h,选用黄心土基质进行扦插。     

珍稀濒危植物山东栒子扦插技术研究

采用不同浓度IBA及不同枝龄的插穗对山东栒子进行扦插繁殖对比试验。结果表明:IBA处理的插穗,扦插后28天开始生根,根据不定根发生的部位可以判断山东栒子扦插属于混合生根型;1500mg L-1IBA处理的插穗生根特性最佳,生根率可达71.11%、平均每插穗生根数3.74条、总根长为18.70cm;枝龄对扦插生根影响显著,1年插穗生根率最高。     

连翘嫩枝全光照喷雾扦插技术研究

全光照喷雾条件下连翘嫩枝扦插试验结果表明:影响连翘嫩枝扦插生根率、生根长度的主要因素为基质类型、生长调节剂的浓度以及插穗类型。在珍珠岩、蛭石混合基质中,插穗留半叶,用浓度为200 mg·L-1 IBA溶液速蘸处理,其扦插效果最好,生根率达75.6%。     

马大杂种相思扦插育苗技术

研究不同扦插基质,不同植物生长调节剂种类、浓度、处理时间,不同插穗长度、穗条部位等对马大杂种相思插穗生根和早期生长的影响,并利用隶属函数法对各处理的生根效果进行了综合评价。结果表明:马大杂种相思扦插育苗以黄心土为基质,当年生萌条上部为插穗,穗长10~15 cm,采用IBA 400 mg·L-1处理2 h,扦插生根效果最佳。     

小叶芳樟扦插育苗技术及其不定根形成机理

采用石蜡切片法,对小叶芳樟(Cinnamomum camphora var.linaloolifera)插穗的生根特性及其解剖构造进行研究。结果表明,小叶芳樟根原始体属于诱导原始体,产生于木质部和韧皮部之间的维管形成层,其生根过程中未发现愈伤组织形成,属单一皮部生根型,不定根产生于插穗的下切口边缘向上至0.1~1 cm处。针对小叶芳樟扦插生根特性,优化外源激素浓度、留叶方式、插穗直径和扦插基质配方,筛选出最佳扦插组合为直径4 mm的半木质化插穗,保留2片完整叶子,经100 mg/L生长调节剂GGR6处理后,在混合基质(黄心土∶泥炭∶珍珠岩=3∶2∶1)中培育7~8周,扦插成活率达97.53%。     

Vegetative propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litsea monopetala</Emphasis>, a wild tropical medicinal plant: Effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on stem cuttings

In this study we investigated the rooting ability and the growth performance of juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings of Litsea monopetala (Roxb) Pers. collected from two mature mother trees preserved in the hill forest of Chittagong district, Bangladesh. The rooting ability of cuttings was studied under 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments. Significantly better rooting response (p ≤ 0.05) was observed with 0.1% IBA compared to control (0% IBA). The mean number of roots and the length of the longest root of cuttings in different treatments showed no significant difference (p≤0.05). After transfer into polythene bags from non-mist propagator, rooted cuttings treated with 0%, 0.1% and 0.2% IBA demonstrated the highest (100 ± 0.00%) survival capacity. The mean number of shoots developed in cuttings in the polythene bags in first three weeks varied significantly (p≤0.05) among the treatments. Effects of three fertilizer treatments, viz. T0 (no fertilizer), T1 (10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 1 L water) and T2 (10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 2 L water) on initial growth ofstecklings were also measured over a 90-days period. The increment of leaf area of stecklings was significantly higher (p≤0.05) under T0 compared with that under T1 and T2 while the increment of stem length, collar diameter and root biomass varied insignificantly among different fertilizer treatments. The results suggest that rooting juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings could be an effective mean of regenerating L. monopetala. The application of 0.1% IBA concentration is recommended for rooting of juvenile leafy stem cuttings and application of fertilizer appeared unnecessary for the subsequent growth of stecklings in polythene bags.     

樟树胚萌发早期影响因素及植株再生

【目的】植物体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生受多重因素影响。为了完善樟树体细胞胚胎发生培养技术,提高其遗传转化效率,满足樟树用材的需要。【方法】本研究以樟树未成熟种子为试材,探讨了预处理、不同采种时间、活性炭、肌醇及激素浓度对樟树胚萌发早期的影响,并对不同种源樟树胚性愈伤组织诱导体细胞胚胎发生、分化、生根等进行研究。【结果】预处理对樟树幼胚萌发无显著性影响;不同的采种时间对胚萌发率和平均出芽数影响很大;随着活性炭浓度的升高,胚萌发率呈现先升高后下降的趋势;肌醇浓度对樟树幼胚萌发率和平均出芽数均无显著性影响;对6-BA、NAA、IBA和链霉素进行正交设计试验,其影响的主次顺序为:6-BA> NAA>链霉素> IBA;长沙和郴州种源樟树胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达66.67%,但生长情况最好的是长沙和岳阳种源胚性愈伤组织;岳阳、郴州、醴陵、长沙、怀化、娄底愈伤组织诱导体胚发生最大诱导率分别为56.41%、42.31%、48.96%、64.71%、63.25%、56.31%;各种源樟树生根率良好,长沙种源有最高生根率89.25%,郴州和醴陵种源樟树最佳生根激素配比为1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L IAA,其余种源生根最适激素均为1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/LNAA。【结论】浸泡处理不利于幼胚后期生长发育;附加150 mg/L的活性炭,培养基褐化率较低;6-BA对幼胚早期萌发占主导作用;实验时选择7月未成熟合子胚的长沙种源樟树最佳。     

IBA+NAA、国光生根剂对香樟根系的影响

试验采用国光生根剂大树根动力②号与吲哚丁酸和萘乙酸混合液(IBA+NAA),以0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0L施入量的4种梯度对移植香樟假植苗进行处理,观测不同生根剂处理对根系生长及根系形态特征的影响.结果表明,生根剂对香樟的生根有明显影响.两种生根剂处理的影响相似,随着生根剂施入量的增加,香樟根系萌发时间表现为先缩短...     

Genetic variation in rooting ability of loblolly pine cuttings: effects of auxin and family on rooting by hypocotyl cuttings

After about 20 days, hypocotyl cuttings from 20-day-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings rooted easily in the presence of the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), with roots forming directly from xylem parenchyma. In contrast, woody cuttings from 1-2-year-old hedged seedlings formed roots indirectly from callus tissue in 60-90 days, but IBA had little effect on rooting. Variation in rooting among hypocotyls from both half- and full-sib families was highly significant in response to IBA, and rooting did not occur within 20 days unless IBA was applied. Hypocotyls from poor rooting families tended to produce fewer roots per cutting than hypocotyls from good rooting families. Rooting by woody cuttings and hypocotyl cuttings from the same nine full-sib families was weakly correlated, raising the possibility that at least some common genetically controlled processes were affecting rooting by both types of cutting. The phytotropin N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), supplied at 1 micro M with 10 micro M IBA, significantly inhibited rooting by hypocotyl cuttings from both good and poor rooting families, but there was no significant family x treatment interaction. Family variation in rooting ability may be a function of the frequency of occurrence of auxin-responsive cells in the hypocotyls.     

樟树组织培养试验

对经选育的樟树进行组织培养试验,结果表明:以樟树带侧芽的嫩枝为外植体进行离体培养,适宜樟树增殖的培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg.L-1+IBA 0.2 mg.L-1;适宜生根的培养基为MS+IBA 1 mg.L-1+NAA 0.2 mg.L-1。生根苗移栽成活率达87%以上。     

Clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dalbergia sissoo</Emphasis> Roxb. and associated metabolic changes during adventitious root primordium development

A study was conducted on the twelve clones of shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.). These clones were obtained from India and Nepal. Single-node leafy cuttings were prepared from the vegetative multiplication garden to examine the clonal variation, effect of IBA treatment on rooting response and associated metabolic changes during adventitious root formation. A remarkable and significant variation was observed due to treatment of 2,000 ppm IBA in the rooting parameters. Clonal variations were also significant for root and shoot growth while length of root was insignificant. Among the twelve clones studied; C3 (Tulsipur, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India) and C4 (Laxmipur, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India) clone cuttings have given the highest rooting response. Interaction (clone × IBA) was significant only for production of number of roots per cutting. Periodic sampling for clone C3 was performed at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days to examine the contents of total soluble sugars, starch, protein and peroxidase (PER) activity in the rooting zone of cuttings (∼0.5 cm) during adventitious root primordium development. A significant increase in all the metabolic activities was noted due to IBA. Total soluble sugars and starch contents of cuttings decreased with the passage of time. Protein content and PER-activity started to increase in the early stage and reached the highest level on day 21, followed by a decline at the 35th day of sampling. These trends were common for both IBA treated and untreated cuttings. Protein content and PER-activity remained higher in the rooting zone of IBA treated cuttings. Overall these findings suggested that exogenous application of IBA may have activated carbohydrate metabolism for release of energy, while protein and PER-activity were necessary for cell division and differentiation during adventitious root primordium initiation and development in the rooting zone of cuttings.