猪巴氏杆菌病感染禽的病例报告

猪、禽巴氏杆菌多由A群多杀性巴氏杆菌引起。在一定条件下可以互相感染。禽巴氏杆菌感染猪的病例多见有报道,现将本地发生鸡、鸭摄食病猪毛、皮、组织发病死亡的病例报告如下。正发病增况德化县某猪场1994年12月28日下午解剖1头疑为猪肺疫死亡的病猪,从次日到1995年五月3日,附近的63羽鸡和ZI羽白鸭（皆为中成年禽）先后发病死亡,共死亡44羽鸡和16羽白鸭。1996年1月22日剖检1头拟猪肺疫死亡的病猪,剖检病猪后5天内该区域内饲养的36羽鸡中28羽死亡。据查这些病鸡均有啄食死猪病料历史。2;＠床症状鸡在吞食病料后8～Ic小时开始发病,首…     

中西医结合治疗鸭禽霍乱

<正>禽霍乱又称禽巴氏杆菌病、出血性败血病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起禽的急性、败血性传染病。多年来,笔者运用中西医结合治疗鸭禽霍乱1 756羽,治愈1 667羽,治疗效果较好,现将诊治方法介绍如下。1病例介绍2013年8月,某养鸭户饲养的鸭突然发病,出现急性死亡。经调查:该场饲养鸭400羽左右,2.5月龄,营养状况良好,场地环境、卫生条件差,饲养密度、湿度大。第1天发病10羽,死亡6羽,第2天发     

家兔使用禽霍乱菌苗预防接种引起发病死亡的报告

兔巴氏杆菌病是危害养兔业的一种严重传染病,以出血性败血症变化为特征。一般常用巴氏杆菌氢氧化铝菌苗接种预防免疫。笔者遇到一起因用禽霍乱菌苗预防接种造成兔发病死亡,现报告如下,以供同行借鉴。1发生情况2005年4月,金沙县某肉兔养殖专业户饲养肉兔280多只,其中成年兔175只,品种有日本大耳兔、新西兰兔、德国花巨兔等。畜主听说用禽巴氏杆菌苗接种可预防兔巴氏杆菌病,即购进禽巴氏杆菌苗对饲养的肉兔进行接种,每只成年兔注射2ml(相当于4羽鸡的预防用量),共预防接种成年兔175只。接种后第二天肉兔发病,发病152只,发病率87%,第二天下午死…     

禽霍乱的诊断与控制

禽霍乱（Fowl cholera),即禽巴氏杆菌病（Avian pasteurellosis),是由多杀性巴氏杆菌（pasteurella multocida)引起的禽类的一种接触性传染病。该病呈世界性分布，是家禽常见病之一，给养禽业造成较为严重的经济损失。     

华西禽灵丹对巴氏杆菌的抑菌效果

用华西禽灵丹煎煮液对巴氏杆菌进行抑菌试验，结果显示，华西禽灵丹对巴氏杆菌的抑菌圈为２５．５ｍｍ，判为高度敏感。     

禽霍乱的诊疗体会

禽霍乱或称禽巴氏杆菌病、禽出血性败血症，是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的主要侵害鸡、鸭、鹅、火鸡等禽类的一种接触性传染病。该病以发病急、病程短、死亡快为主要特征，死前往往无明显症状。     

当下警惕蛋鸡巴氏杆菌病

禽巴氏杆菌病,又称禽霍乱,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的败血性传染病。以发热、腹泻、呼吸困难为特征,最急性病例迅速死亡。禽霍乱是一种接触性传染病,危害多种家禽、野禽。其特征表现为急性败血过程,发病率和死亡率都很高。     

禽巴氏杆菌B26—T1200弱毒苗研究概述

禽巴氏杆菌Ｂ２６—Ｔ１２００弱毒苗研究概述左婉顺，宁振华，谢芝勋，黄媛，刘加波，庞耀珊，郑永娇，莫照兰，柳峰，谢志勤，许镇凤，梁炳华广西兽医研究所５３０００１禽巴氏杆菌病（禽霍乱）是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的一种危害家禽和野禽的接触性疾病，是养禽业的最主...     

鸭巴氏杆菌病灭活疫苗的研制与应用初报

鸭巴氏杆菌病发病急、死亡快，用禽霍乱疫苗免疫，效果欠佳，为此，我们从发病鸭中分离一株鸭巴氏杆菌强毒株，制成氢氧化铝甲醛灭活疫苗，试用１００多万羽份，表明对该病具有良好的保护作用。     

禽巴氏杆菌病的诊断与防治

禽巴氏杆菌病是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的禽类急性、热性、败血性传染病,因此该病又被称为禽出血性巴氏杆菌病。由于该病具有高发病率和高死亡率,因此应及时进行早期诊断及防治。本文对禽巴氏杆菌病的流行病学和临床症状进行分析,意在为该病的诊断与防治提供参考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.