A survey of aphid parasitoids in Kahramanmaras,Turkey (Hymenoptera: Braconidae,Aphidiinae; and Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

A list of aphid parasitoids found in a survey conducted between 1999 and 2001 in Kahramanmaras Province of Turkey is presented. Nineteen taxa of aphid parasitoids were found on 30 hosts.Pauesia picta (Haliday) is reported for the first time from Turkey. Two check-lists are presented, by host aphids and by plant species. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting April 30, 2004.     

A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakır,Turkey

A list is given of aphid parasitoids found in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. In the survey, performed between 1998 and 2000, 16 species of aphid parasitoids were found on different hosts in Diyarbakır Province.Monoctonus mali is reported for the first time in the Turkish aphid parasitoids fauna. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 20, 2003.     

Parasitoids and predators of pseudococcidae (hemiptera: coccoidea) in Ankara, Turkey

Natural enemies of mealybugs were surveyed in Ankara, Turkey, during the years 2001 to 2003. Twenty-three predatory species belonging to the insect orders Coleoptera (Coccinellidae, 17), Diptera (Chamaemyiidae, 3) and Neuroptera (Chrysopidae, 2; Hemerobiidae, 1); and 22 parasitoid species belonging to Hymenoptera (Aphelinidae, 2; Encyrtidae, 14; Platy-gasteridae, 1; Pteromalidae, 3; Signiphoridae, 2) were determined. The following ten species are newly recorded for the Turkish fauna:Sidis biguttatus Motchulsky,Nephus sinuatomaculatus Sahlberg (Coccinellidae),Leucopomyia alticeps Czerny,Parochthiphila (Euestelia) decipia Tanasijtshuk (Chamaemyiidae),Leptomastidae matritensis Mercet,Prochiloneurus bolivari Mercet,Rhopus sp.nr.acaetes (Walker),Stematosteres sp.,Eunotus acutus Kurdjumov, andChartocerus kurdjumovi (Nikol’skaya) (Chalcidoidea). http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 19, 2006.     

The Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea: Braconidae) of Greece

Keys for the identification of genera and species of the subfamily Aphidiinae which occur in Greece as well as the observed parasitoid — aphid relations on various host plants are presented.     

Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) on citrus: Seasonal abundance, association with the species of host plant, and sampling indices

Samples were collected from southern Greece during 1996–2000 in order to investigate the presence of parasitoids onAphis gossypii Glover infesting several citrus species. The species of aphidiines found to have a significantly different preference forA. gossypii wereAphidius colemani Viereck,Aphidius matricariae Haliday,Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh),Ephedrus persicae Froggat,Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson),Binodoxys acalephae (Marshall) andBinodoxys angelicae (Haliday). In another sampling experiment, the relative abundance of aphidiine parasitoids on aphids infesting orange and tangerine trees was studied in southern Greece (Nea Kios) in 1996 and 1997.A. gossypii constituted the largest part of the aphid population and was the only species parasitized.B. angelicae andA. colemani were the most abundant parasitoid species. The parasitization rate differed among the parasitoid species.B. angelicae had the highest colonization rate in centrally located and large host (A. gossypii) groups, whereasA. colemani was found in more isolated and relatively small host groups. The percentage of parasitism byB. angelicae was high mainly in large host groups, whenB. angelicae was the only parasitoid present. However, in cases of coexistence ofB. angelicae withA. colemani with hyperparasitoids, in the same sampling unit, the percentage of parasitism was relatively low. http://www.phytoparasitica.org     

Description ofPauesia (Pauesia)anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) sp. nov., a parasitoid of the cedar aphidCinara cedri

The first parasitoid species reared from a population of the cedar aphid,Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1935 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), from the peninsula of Anatolia in Turkey is described.Pauesia anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is closely related to some species of thelaricis group ofPauesia from which it differs in the number of antenomers, the propodeum and features of the female genitalia. Its potential use as a natural enemy in areas where the aphid has been introduced is discussed. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Aug. 28, 2005.     

A survey of the Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Ankara Province,Turkey

The Coccoidea of cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Ankara Province, in central Anatolia, Turkey, were surveyed between 1999 and 2001. Eleven species of Eriococcidae were collected, of which nine are new records for Turkey:Acanthococcus greeni Newstead,A. micracanthus Danzig,A. munroi Boratynski,A. roboris (Goux),A. zernae Tereznikova,Rhizococcus cingulatus (Kiritchenko),R. cynodontis (Kiritchenko),R. herbaceus Danzig andR. pseudinsignis (Green). http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 30, 2003.     

广东橘小实蝇寄生蜂调查

本文记述广东省橘小实蝇的寄生蜂4科8种,包括茧蜂科Braconidae的阿费氏茧蜂Fopius arisanus(Sonan,1932)、凡氏费氏茧蜂Fopius vandenboschi(Fullaway,1952)、长尾全裂茧蜂Diachasmimorpha longicaudata(Ashmead,1905)和弗氏短背茧蜂Pasyttalia fletcheri(Silvestri,1916)、姬小峰科Eulophidae的印啮小蜂Aceratoneuromyia indica(Silvestri,1910)、小蜂科Chalcididae的吉氏角头小蜂Dirhinus giffardii(Silvestri,1914)和匙胸瘿蜂科Eucoilidae的柔匙胸瘿蜂属Aganaspis sp.1和Aganaspis sp.2。     

New records of endoparasitoidBassus fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) species from Turkey

SixBassus species were recorded for the first time in Turkey:B. calculator (Fabricius, 1798),B. cingulipes (Nees, 1814),B. conspicuus (Wesmael, 1837),B. graecus Achterberg, 1992,B. rugulosus (Needs, 1834) andB. zaykovi (Nixon, 1986). By adding these new records, the number ofBassus species in Turkey has been raısed from seven to 13. Distribution and known hosts are given.     

A new<Emphasis Type="Italic">Aphidius</Emphasis> species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from high-montane areas of southeastern Europe

Aphidius montenegrinus sp.n. from Serbia and Montenegro is described and illustrated. It parasitizedAcyrthosiphon daphnidis Ilharco, onDaphne alpina L. The parasitoid was described and illustrated using scanning electron microscope photographs and line drawing. The new species is a member of theAcyrthosiphon aphid parasitoid guild and was collected from Zabojsko Jezero Lake in Montenegro. The parasitoid and the hyperparasitoid spectrum ofA. daphnidis are presented for the first time. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting April 30, 2004.     

Contribution to the knowledge of the family Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Turkey,with some new records

Data are presented on the occurrence of 51 species of the family Eulophidae in Turkey based on material obtained mainly from grass and leaves with leaf miners. The paper combines the faunistic and distributional data obtained from recent studies with all other species of the family known from Turkey up to now. The recorded genera (with the number of recorded species) are:Aprostocetus Westwood (20),Baryscapus Förster (8),Cirrospilus Westwood (2),Diglyphus Walker (5),Hyssopus Girault (2),Euplectrus Westwood (1),Hemiptarsenus Westwood (3),Necremnus Thomson (3),Pnigalio Schrank (2),Pronotalia Gradwell (1) andSympiesis Förster (4). Twenty-eight species are reported for the first time in the Turkish fauna.     

Aphidius colemani Vier. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) detected in cereal fields in Germany

Studies conducted in the 2000 cropping season at two different localities, Flaeming and Magdeburger Boerde in Germany, have provided new information on cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)) parasitoids in winter wheat; their species composition, relative abundance, hosts, and location effects. The average aphid population density was higher at Magdeburger Boerde and lower at Flaeming. Among the aphid species, Sitobion avenae was more abundant at Flaeming and Metopolophium dirhodum at Magdeburger Boerde. In total, eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Aphidius colemani Viereck, Aphidius rhopalosiphi DeStefani Perez, Aphidius uzbekistanicus Luzhetzki, Aphidius ervi Haliday, Aphidius picipes (Nees), Ephedrus plagiator (Nees), Praon gallicumStarý, and Praon volucre (Haliday). The predominant parasitoid species were Aphidius colemani and Aphidius rhopalosiphi on Metopolophium dirhodum and Aphidius uzbekistanicus on Sitobion avenae. A low number of hyperparasitoids were also recorded. Aphidius colemani was recorded for the first time in the open winter wheat fields in Germany, although it has been used as a biocontrol agent in glasshouses in many European countries and overseas. An analysis of the aforementioned information shows that Aphidius colemani detected as a parasitoid of cereal aphids in Germany is likely a result of an accidental escape of parasitoids from a glasshouse, as well as their successful overwintering and establishment in the area. This study provides baseline information essential for assessing future changes in aphid parasitoid species guild and dynamics in cereal fields in Germany.     

Aphidius colemani Vier. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) detected in cereal fields in Germany

Studies conducted in the 2000 cropping season at two different localities, Flaeming and Magdeburger Boerde in Germany, have provided new information on cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)) parasitoids in winter wheat; their species composition, relative abundance, hosts, and location effects. The average aphid population density was higher at Magdeburger Boerde and lower at Flaeming. Among the aphid species, Sitobion avenae was more abundant at Flaeming and Metopolophium dirhodum at Magdeburger Boerde. In total, eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Aphidius colemani Viereck, Aphidius rhopalosiphi DeStefani Perez, Aphidius uzbekistanicus Luzhetzki, Aphidius ervi Haliday, Aphidius picipes (Nees), Ephedrus plagiator (Nees), Praon gallicumStarý, and Praon volucre (Haliday). The predominant parasitoid species were Aphidius colemani and Aphidius rhopalosiphi on Metopolophium dirhodum and Aphidius uzbekistanicus on Sitobion avenae. A low number of hyperparasitoids were also recorded. Aphidius colemani was recorded for the first time in the open winter wheat fields in Germany, although it has been used as a biocontrol agent in glasshouses in many European countries and overseas. An analysis of the aforementioned information shows that Aphidius colemani detected as a parasitoid of cereal aphids in Germany is likely a result of an accidental escape of parasitoids from a glasshouse, as well as their successful overwintering and establishment in the area. This study provides baseline information essential for assessing future changes in aphid parasitoid species guild and dynamics in cereal fields in Germany.     

烟蚜茧蜂种内寄主识别与内部竞争

为明确寄生桃蚜Myzus persicae(Sulzer)的单性内寄生蜂烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead的种内识别与内部竞争,研究测定不同寄主密度对烟蚜茧蜂雌蜂卵的分布影响,以及不同产卵时间间隔对自身和同种寄主识别、种内内部竞争的影响。结果显示,烟蚜茧蜂在寄主密度为30头以下时,过寄生率高于31.16%;而寄主密度为50头以上时,过寄生率低于6.64%。在24 h以上的产卵时间间隔下,烟蚜茧蜂的自身过寄生率高于37.04%,而同种过寄生率在22.45%~25.93%之间;而且龄期较高的幼虫在种内内部竞争中获胜的概率高于72.00%。表明烟蚜茧蜂在低寄主密度下倾向于过寄生,在高寄主密度下有避免过寄生的趋势;烟蚜茧蜂倾向于自身过寄生,而对同种过寄生表现出一种产卵限制;在烟蚜茧蜂的种内内部竞争中,龄期较高的幼虫一般具有优势。     

Additional diet of the parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the parasitizing of the Elm Bark Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Supplementing the diet of Coeloides scolyticida, Dendrosoter protuberans and Ecphylus silesiacus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Parker's diet and the nectars of melliferous plants: Daucus carota L., Sinapis alba L. and Stachys recta L. had a significant effect on longevity, reproduction, developmental rate, and parasitizing of Scolytus scolytus (Fab.), Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.) and Scolytus pygmaeus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). These values were considerably lower for wasps fed with the nectar of Sinapis arvensis L. and Trifolium repens L. and the lowest for those without dietary additives. Parker's diet had the most significant effect on the parasitoids and parasitizing of the bark beetles. Nectar of S. recta and S. alba proved most suitable for C. scolyticida and D. protuberans, while E. silesiacus using the nectar from D. carota flower significantly increased parasitizing of S. pygmaeus. T. repens flowers were not a suitable additive for the diet of parasitoids. The parasitoids without additives in their diet had shorter lives, shorter development, and were less effective in reducing host numbers. E. silesiacus wasps had the longest development, and C. scolyticida the shortest. Generally, the parasitoids of the second generation had a slightly prolonged development (1–2 days).     

Establishment and dispersal of the parasitoids Ageniaspis citricola Logvinovskaya (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Semielacher petiolatus Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), introduced into Tunisia for the biological control of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Abstract

A programme for the biological control of the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) was carried out in Tunisia between 1996 and 1998. Two exotic parasitoids, Ageniaspis citricola (Logvinovskaya) (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) and Semielacher petiolatus Girault (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), were introduced from Australia, mass-reared in a greenhouse on Citrus aurantium L. seedlings infested with P. citrella, and released in different orchards located in the major citrus-growing area of Tunisia. In 1996, A. citricola was recovered in 39.13% of release sites, reaching a maximum percentage of parasitism of 28%. In 1997, the parasitoid was recovered in a third of all release points, with an average percentage of parasitism of 5%. However, the wasp was unable to survive the winter 1998, and has become extinct. The non-establishment of A. citricola may have been due to the more arid climatic conditions present during the rainless summer and most of the autumn in Tunisia. By contrast, the establishment, dispersal, and reduction in citrus leafminer population observed with S. petiolatus between 1997 and 1998 shows this species to be well-adapted to the Tunisian climate. The average percentage parasitism of P. citrella by S. petiolatus increased from 6.6% in 1997 to 15% in 1998. Moreover, S. petiolatus was established in 76% of release points in 1997 and in 82% in 1998. It spread as much as 30 km from some release points, with no apparent decline in parasitism levels with distance. Semielacher petiolatus is considered to be an effective biological control of the leafminer in Tunisia. Its biological control action would supplement the action of the native parasitoids Pnigalio sp. and Cirrospilus pictus Nees (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae).     

Contributions to the leafminer fauna (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Turkey, with four new records

In a study carried out during 2002 and 2004 in Diyarbakıir and Mardin provinces, southeast Turkey, specimens were collected twice a month from cultivated and non-cultivated plants. Sixteen leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) species were identified. Among them,Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt, 1848;Napomyza elegans (Meigen, 1830);Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke, 1864); andPhytomyza aquilonia Frey, 1964 are new records for the Turkish leafminer http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 24, 2005.     

A new<Emphasis Type="Italic">Praon</Emphasis> species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of the<Emphasis Type="Italic">Uroleucon</Emphasis> parasitoid complex from the mediterranean area

A new hymenopteran aphid parasitoid species (Praon uroleucon sp. n.) fromUroleucon sp. infestingCarduus acanthoides L. is described from Yugoslavia. It is diagnosed and illustrated with scanning electron microscope photographs and line drawings. The new species is placed in thePraon dorsale species group, and a key to species of that group is provided. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 9, 2002.     

New records of Ichneumonidae (hymenoptera) species from Turkey

In this study, six Ichneumonidae species were recorded for the first time in Turkey:Tromatobia ornata (Gravenhorst, 1829) andStronyglopsis abdominalis Kasparyan, 1974 (Pimplinae);Tryphon auricularis Thomson, 1883 andThibetoides acerbus Viktorov, 1964 (Tryphoninae);Pion crassipes Homgren, 1857 (Ctenopelmatinae); andTemelucha tricolorata (Sedivy, 1968) (Cremastinae). The faunistic and distributional data notes are given for each species.     

Note: New records of flea beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Turkey

Five species of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were recorded for the first time in Turkey:Dibolia numidica Doguet,Longitarsus corynthius corynthius (Reiche et Saulcy),L. onosomae (Peyerimhoff),L. pulmonariae Weise andPhyllotreta ganglbaueri Heikertinger. The zoogeographical distribution of the species was reviewed. Among the species,L. onosmae andD. numidica have a limited distribution area in North Africa, and therefore their presence in Turkey is interesting. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 14, 2004.