浒苔和江蓠增强仙居鸡抗性的研究

对仙居鸡食用添加浒苔和江蓠的饲料后,血脂、抗氧化活物质的变化进行了研究.结果显示:江蓠、浒苔组降低总胆固醇(TC)效果显著,江蓠组优于浒苔组.江蓠、浒苔组降低甘油三酯(TG),江蓠优于浒苔.但浒苔组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)含量显著优于江蓠,高于对照组近70%.两种海藻粉对SOD含量的影响相近,对MDA指标降低更为明显,差异极显著,70日龄饲喂浒苔组含量最低,与对照组相比降低37.5%.综合上述结果发现,10日龄添加组与70日龄组之间差异不大,说明海藻粉对血清抗氧化指标的影响周期较短.     

Mycotic keratitis in a dog: concurrent Aspergillus sp and Curvularia sp infections

A dog with exposure keratopathy developed secondary bilateral keratitis from which Aspergillus sp and Curvularia sp were identified. Mycotic keratitis, while rare in the dog, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of keratitis.     

奥斯特线虫种群生态学研究

研究了自然条件下温度、湿度对奥斯特线虫幼虫生长发育的影响,以及幼虫在不同生态环境下的发育规律及分布特点。结果表明,在高寒湿润的甘南州尕海地区,奥斯特线虫的虫卵在平均温度分别为－８,－１１．４,－４．７,－２．２℃的１２,１,２,３月不能发育;４月下旬少数虫卵发育成１～２期幼虫,进入５月后个别发育成３期幼虫,这时的最高／最低气温是２２．２℃／－４．５℃;６～１０月,３期幼虫大量形成,是感染牛羊的主要季节;１１月上半月虫卵发育缓慢,后半月发育停止。虫卵和幼虫的发育与温度、湿度的变化有直接关系,幼虫在草地上的移行分布与空气湿度密切相关。据此,该区可将１２～４月作为放牧安全期,５～１１月作为放牧危险期。     

Clinical problems of sloths (Bradypus sp. and Choloepus sp.) in captivity.

A 20-yr retrospective study of disease prevalence was carried out for 51 sloths (34 Bradypus sp. and 17 Choloepus sp.) at the S?o Paulo Zoo. A total of 81 clinical disorders were detected, including nutritional (45.7%), digestive (12.3%), and respiratory (12.3%) problems and injuries (6.1%). A definitive diagnosis was not possible in 8.6% of the cases. The incidence of disease varied according to seasonal climate (winter, 32.5%; spring, 24%; summer, 22.9%; autumn, 20.5%), time in captivity (96.4% of diseases occurred within the first 6 mo and 3.6% occurred thereafter), and type of enclosure (quarantine cage, 96.4%; exhibition enclosure, 3.6%). Both young animals (86.7%) and adults (3.2%) were affected. Parasites were identified by fecal examination in 45.4% of animals with clinical illness (Ascaris sp., 80%; Coccidia sp., 20%). Bacteria such as Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter freundii were isolated from feces and/or organs. The first 6 mo in captivity are critical for these animals. Proper management and early identification of medical conditions in captivity have implications for sloth population in the wild.     

Anatrichosoma sp infection in a dog

Embryonated, double-operculated eggs were observed during routine examination of a fecal specimen from a 5-month-old dog. Similar eggs were found on a skin scraping of a raised, flaking, erythematous nodule on the dorsal midline in the lumbar region. Eggs were identified as being similar to those of Anatrichosoma spp. After surgical excision, histologic examination of the nodule revealed nematodes with morphologic features consistent with those of Anatrichosoma spp.     

In vitro culture of Glugea sp

Recently the low host specificity of some microsporidians has been demonstrated and it has been indicated that many of these micro-organisms could be transmitted from invertebrates to mammals and adapt to changes in temperature. In this work, we demonstrate the first successful in vitro culture of a fish microsporidia of the genus Glugea on larval cells of the mosquito Aedes albopictus at 28 degrees C, and we show ultrastructural aspects of the different life cycle stages. It was impossible on salmon cells CHSE-214 at 21 degrees C. This study will be valuable for further work in biochemistry and immunology in addition to chemotherapy for microsporidiosis humans and animals.     

Porcine abortion caused by Bacillus sp

Bacillus sp is known to cause abortion in cattle and sheep, but it is rarely reported to cause abortion in swine. Bacillus sp was isolated from aborted fetuses, and lesions compatible with a bacterial infection were detected in 4 of 962 aborted porcine fetuses examined. The infection apparently results in sporadic abortions and is not likely to cause economically significant reproductive failures within a herd.     

朱砂蛾Tyria jacobaeae中的两种寄生性微孢子虫：Nosema tyriae n．sp．和Nosema sp．

在朱砂蛾幼虫(Tyria jacobaeae)63%的群体中发现了Nosema tyriae.sp.感染发生于肠壁、丝腺、脂肪体中,可以说感染面相当广但致病性很低。裂殖体增殖(merogony)和孢子生殖(sporogony)在偶核期(diplokaryotic stages)进行双分裂(bina-ry fission)方式繁殖。新鲜孢子延伸到前末端,大小为4.7×2.0um。将产孢体(sporont)表面和寄主细胞的细胞质联系在一起的20nm长的微管的超微结构引起了人们的兴趣,在孢子中,一种圆形极囊,包含了纵向紧密排列的细胞膜和横向松散排列的细胞膜,以及单列上有10.5-14圈极丝。N.tyriae和来源于家蚕(Bombyx mori)的桑蚕微孢子虫(Nosema bombycis)的16SrRNA基因只有六个核苷酸不同。N.tyriae对家蚕微孢子虫的单克隆抗体表现出中度的阳性反应。N.tyriae对家蚕具有感染性但毒性比N.bombycis要低。但是用N.bombycis的特异性引物扩增N.tyr-iae DNA却未得到扩增产物,两者的孢子形状也各不相同。另一种仅对其中一条家蚕幼虫具有轻微感染性的双核微孢子虫Nosema sp.具有更短的发育期,孢子大小为3.8×2.0um(固定)。超微结构上也极为不同,它的裂殖体(meront)和产孢体(sporont)中的细胞质囊泡均有大量致密的膜。从该微孢子虫感染的幼虫组织中可以观察到两种微管排列:一种具有约15圈极丝成不规则的成簇排列,或是以12圈极丝排成一列。由于该幼虫是和被N.tyriae感染的幼虫一起保存的,所以这两种孢子很可能是来自双重感染。     

Monoclonal antibodies reacting specifically with Francisella sp

Twenty two hybridoma strains producing monoclonal antibodies against Francisella tularensis ATCC 6223, var. tularensis, were characterized. In an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA) using formaldehyde fixed bacteria as antigens, neither cross-reactions with six different Brucella spp., with Yersinia enterocolitica 0:9 nor with two biotypes of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis could be detected. The antibodies gave comparable titres with the three strains of F.tularensis tested. ELISA binding studies indicated that fifteen of the antibodies bound with high affinities to their epitopes of the three Francisella strains, while the others each seemed to bind with low affinity to at least one of the antigens. Immunoblot analysis showed that six of the antibodies were directed to epitopes on the core moiety of the lipopolysaccharide molecule, while the other 16 antibodies bound to O side chain components.     

Eimeria capricornis n.sp., E. nihonis n.sp., E. naganoensis n.sp., and E. kamoshika n.sp. (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus

Eimeria capricornis n.sp., E. nihonis n.sp., E. naganoensis n.sp. and E. kamoshika n.sp. were detected from the Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus. The oocysts of these species were ovoid to ellipsoid, measuring 48.02 +/- 0.53 x 33.93 +/- 0.35 microns, 29.73 +/- 0.45 x 21.01 +/- 0.29 microns, 20.04 +/- 0.05 x 15.77 +/- 0.04 microns and 30.02 +/- 4.24 x 14.58 +/- 2.03 micron, respectively. In all the species the micropyle was observed, but the micropylar cap and oocyst residuum were not present. The polar granules were observed in the oocysts of E. capricornis. The sporocysts of the above species were spherical to elongate ovoid, measuring 15-23 x 8-13 microns, 14-16 x 7-10 microns, 11-13 x 6-8 microns and 8-10 x 6-7 microns, and the sporulation time was 6, 3, 3 and 6 days, respectively. The sporocyst residuum and refractile body were seen in all the species. In the sporocysts of E. naganoensis and E. kamoshika tiny Stieda body was seen, but not in the other two species. These four Eimeria species were not infective to goats.     

Sarcocystis sp. encephalomyelitis in a cat

Abstract: A 5‐month‐old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for spinal pain, ataxia, and anisocoria. Neuroanatomic localization indicated diffuse or multifocal central nervous system disease. On cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neutrophilic pleocytosis and intracellular protozoal merozoites were observed. The merozoites were oval, 2–4 μm in width and 4–6 μm in length, and had linear arrays of nuclear material concentrated at one pole. Serum was positive for Sarcocystis sp. antibodies and negative for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The organism was determined to be either Sarcocystis neurona or Sarcocystis dasypi based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 ribosomal RNA genomic region. Clinical disease resolved following treatment with 3 different protocols for protozoal infection. This case is the first to demonstrate the antemortem diagnosis and survival of a domestic cat with Sarcocystis sp.‐associated encephalomyelitis. Clinicians and cytopathologists should include Sarcocystis sp. as a differential for feline inflammatory central nervous system disease characterized by neutrophilic pleocytosis.     

牛肉中沙门氏菌的检测

对95份牛肉样品进行沙门氏菌实验室检测,通过增菌、选择性分离培养及生化试验、血清学鉴定等检验,结果3份样品检出沙门氏菌,检出阳性率为3.15%。     

Cryptosporidiosis in lovebirds (Agapornis sp.)

Abstract

Extract

Madam: — Cryptosporidiosis is now well recognised as a cause of gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in several animal species, especially calves, lambs and man. However, recent reviews(2) Current, W.L. 1985. Cryptosporidiosis. J.A.V.M.A., 187: 1334–1338.  [Google Scholar] (4) Tzipori, S. 1983. Cryptosporidiosis in animals and humans. Microbiological Reviews, 47: 84–96. [PubMed] , [Google Scholar] cite few reports of enteric cryptosporidiosis in birds.     

Immune response in farm animals infected or immunised with bacteria of Chlamydia sp. and Chlamydophila sp. genus

Bacteria from genera Chlamydia (Ch.) and Chlamydophila (Chl.) are very pathogenic and may infect humans and animals. They also may cause latent infection, especially in animals. In this paper we discuss the non-specific and specific cellular and humoral immunity in farm animals, after infection or immunisation with Chlamydia sp. and Chlamydophila sp. bacteria. It has been shown, that the infection or immunisation with the microorganisms influenced the activity of polimorphonuclear cells (PMN) and mononuclear cells (MN) in the process of phagocytosis. It has also been shown that the bacteria influenced the amount and activity of lysozyme, activities of myeloperoxidase and lysosomal enzymes. Infection or immunisation with the microorganisms was demonstrated to affect numbers of lymphocytes T and B and those of their subpopulation as well as the activity of cytokines and levels of serum and secreted immunoglobulins. The changes were detected just a few hours after infection or immunisation and persisted for a few days to a few decades.