小麦品种纯度现代鉴定技术的应用

文章概述了生理生化鉴定技术和DNA分子标记技术的原理及在小麦品种鉴定和纯度分析上的应用，探讨了各种鉴定技术的主要优点和缺点。     

小麦杂株类型及品种纯度鉴定

玟分析了小麦田间杂株类型有异品种株、本品种变异株、本品种退化株、野生麦等类型，进一步阐述了杂株产生的原因，并归纳了小麦品种纯度鉴定的四种方法。     

如何做好小麦田间小区种植鉴定

田间小区种植鉴定是目前唯一认可的检测种子品种纯度的方法。小区鉴定可以长期观察,充分展示鉴定品种的特征特性。由于现行品种描述的特征特性都是根据表现型来鉴别,所以田间小区种植鉴定在今后的一定时期内仍是商品种子纯度鉴定的唯一认可的标准方法。作者根据多年田间小区种植鉴定经验,把小麦田间小区种植鉴定的方法及步骤介绍如下,以便种子检验人员能准确的掌握小区种植鉴定技术。     

品种纯度鉴定方法简析

品种纯度鉴定自１８７５年创始以来,随着新品种的引育、推广,其检测技术也在不断发展。本文就目前常用的几种品种纯度鉴定方法进行分析比较。１种子形态学鉴定法利用种子特异性形态特征的差异,区分不同品种,这是鉴定品种最基本、最简单的方法。也有人又将此法细分为一...     

小麦品种纯度对产量的影响

多年来，农业生产中对小麦种子的重视程度远不及五米杂交种，小麦品种田间混杂严重，生产参差不齐，成熟不一致，产量降低，但品种纯度对产量的影响结果国内鲜见报道。笔者选用一个高纯度的小麦高产品种，掺上中低产品种，人为造成不同纯度，1990年秋播在日在镇进行田间试验，结果分析表明，小麦品种纯度对产量有显著的影响，直线回归分析，依667m’产量回归，纯度每提高（＄低）一个百分点，产量随之增加（减少）2．43kg。在此基础上，青岛市近年来狠抓小麦统一供种、效益显著。现将小麦品种纯度试验结果报道如下：l材料与方法1．1供试材料…     

小麦杂株类型与田间纯度仲裁鉴定

大田小麦的纯度受多种因素的影响,由于非种子因素造成的混杂,使小麦大田纯度与秋种时麦种的原始纯度产生差异。只有科学细致地分析产生混杂原因,采取合理的检测方法,才能得出科学、真实、准确的种子质量仲裁鉴定结论。     

玉米品种纯度SSR鉴定与田间鉴定的相关性

建立快速、准确鉴定玉米种子纯度技术是控制种子质量的有效措施。本研究针对SSR鉴定结果低于种植鉴定结果的问题,分析了可能的原因,提出了解决办法。利用筛选的特异标记测定了标记在原种、大田用自交系、套袋配制杂交种中的检出率,测定了2个杂交种(莱农14和莱农15)共16份样品的纯度。特异标记检出率随着自交系繁殖代数增加呈现逐渐降低的趋势;杂交种出苗率越低,SSR鉴定结果与田间鉴定结果的差值越大,是导致SSR检测纯度偏低的两个主要原因。将SSR结果与田间种植结果相比较,建立了SSR鉴定与田间种植鉴定的回归方程,可准确鉴定杂交种的纯度。     

海南油葵田间种植鉴定的体会

1鉴定基地的选择 根据近两年来海南鉴定实地情况调查,或多或少在选地方面存在一定的问题,如:土壤肥力普遍贪瘠,土层较薄,肥力不均,保水保肥性差等等.     

浅谈杂交水稻种子纯度田间小区种植鉴定

本文作者简明介绍了杂交稻种子纯度田间小区种植鉴定的有关操作方法和注意事项，并从对种子检验人员的要求以及如何按照种子检验规程对种子样品的分取、种植田块的选择、适时播种、规范移栽、田间培育、分次鉴定、审核发送鉴定报告等方面进行了较为系统的表述，供种植鉴定人员参考。     

浅谈提高冬小麦区域试验质量的措施

~~浅谈提高冬小麦区域试验质量的措施@陈红敏$河南省濮亨市种子管理站!濮阳457000 @赵玉巧$河南省濮亨市种子管理站!濮阳457000 @刘翠兰$河南省濮亨市种子管理站!濮阳457000 @王玉红$河南省濮亨市种子管理站!濮阳457000     

大麦品种引种比较试验

针对内蒙古自治区啤酒大麦主栽品种多年未更换且产量较低的现状,为提高我区啤酒大麦生产水平,我们从法国利马格兰公司引入5个啤酒大麦品种,进行品种比较试验,以筛选适于本地区种植、产量性状更好的品种,为本地区更换品种提供依据。1材料与方法1.1试验材料以法国引入的5个品种Riviera、Scarlett、Barke、Aspen、Panache为试材,以付八为对照品种。1.2试验方法及数据处理本试验采取随机区组设计,三次重复,小区面积3m×5m,15行区,行距20cm,密度为350粒/m2,每小区施种肥磷酸二铵15g,用克百威拌种防虫。试验地地势平坦、基础肥力中上。田间调查…     

Breeding intensive winter bread wheat varieties for Southern Ukraine

Winter wheats with high grain quality for bread making are produced in southern Ukraine. Wheat breeding began more then 80 years ago. Over this time, seven wheat variety changes were made and yield potential increased from 2.73 t ha^-1 to 6.74 t ha^-1. This increase was due to a decrease in photoperiodic sensitivity and the introduction of semidwarf genes. Genes for photoperiodic sensitivity (Ppd) and vernalisation requirement (Vrn) were combined, and the effect of these genes on grain yield, frost and drought resistance, and growth and development rate of plants in autumn and early spring were studied. Breeding was carried out, utilising traditional and non-traditional methods such as anther culture, biochemical and molecular markers, and screening in artificial environments using phytotrons. This approach resulted in the release of several winter wheat varieties with high yield potentials and well expressed adaptation features by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute (Odessa). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Breeding for breadmaking quality using old Hungarian wheat varieties

Due to their broad population diversity, old wheat varieties or landraces play an important role in increasing the genetic variability of agronomic traits. On these grounds, an analysis was made of the high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunit composition of the old Hungarian wheat variety Bánkúti 1201. It was found that several genotypes with differing breadmaking qualities can be distinguished for this character. When using old varieties in breeding, it is possible to broaden the genetic background of characters responsible for breadmaking quality by separating the populations. A more detailed analysis of the protein composition of germplasm created in this way will be required to obtain a better understanding of this complex character for its conscious introduction into breeding programmes. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Aneuploidy in semi dwarf wheat varieties

Summary Tall varietal impurities occurring in a number of new semi-dwarf winters wheats carrying the Norin 10 dwarfing genes Rht1 or Rht2 are causing problems at seed certification. Cytological analysis of such impurities from three varieties shows they are aneuploids and are mainly monosomic (2n=41) for chromosomes carrying semi-dwarfing genes. Because Rht1 and Rht2 act as suppressors of height, their reduced dosage as in monosomics, produces plants considerably taller than in the euploid condition.     

西瓜种子纯度南繁种植鉴定技术

1鉴定地的选择鉴定地点的选择应以保证鉴定成功,降低鉴定成本,早出鉴定结果为原则。新疆地区8月底前收获的西瓜种,除大果鉴定的外,可选择吐鲁番、鄯善地区无霜期长、秋季温度高的地方,如亚尔乡、恰特喀勒乡、葡萄农场、艾丁湖农场、鲁克沁镇、吐峪沟等地。9月以后收获的瓜种,无论大小果鉴定都必须放在关内进行,这几年我们在福建漳州,广西百色、北海,云南元谋、元江、西双版纳和海南都取得了成功。9月底以后播种鉴定的,只有放在海南鉴定成功的概率才高,地点应选择在陵水至东方沿南海一带。地块要选择近三年以上没种过瓜类,背风向阳,土质肥沃,…     

萝卜春播繁种高产栽培技术

河西走廊地区光、热、水利资源优越,气候干燥,交通方便,是进行作物和蔬菜繁种的全国最优秀的基地之一,在该区繁殖的种子,籽粒饱满,色泽鲜艳,营养丰富,发芽率高,病虫率低,深受农户、商家及经营户的青睐。现将春播萝卜采种的高产栽培技术总结介绍如下。1隔离设置选地倒茬萝卜为十     

西瓜杂交制种优质丰产技术

西瓜杂交制种由于受气候条件和栽培措施的影响,往往致使所产种子产量较低、质量较差.围绕这个问题,我们经多年实践研究,总结了一套优质高产制种技术,现将该技术介绍如下.