鸡白介素17A的克隆表达及活性测定

从经人工感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫孢子化卵囊(1×104个/只鸡)的盲肠上皮间淋巴细胞(IELs)提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法成功扩增了鸡白介素17A(IL-17A)基因,测序结果显示,开放阅读框为453bp,编码150个氨基酸,与GenBank上鸡IL-17A基因(AM773756)的核苷酸和氨基酸序列完全一致(100%),与报道的哺乳动物IL-17A的氨基酸相似性达37%～46%。构建的pGEX-6p1-chIL-17A原核表达载体经1mmol/L IPTG诱导后表达出43kDa左右的融合蛋白,与预期大小一致,且Western-blot鉴定表达产物为目的蛋白。功能试验表明,表达的重组鸡IL-17A能够刺激鸡胚成纤维细胞产生IL-6。这些结果表明,鸡IL-17A在结构和功能方面与哺乳动物的IL-17A都有一定的相似性,可能在鸡的免疫应答过程中起到重要的作用。     

鸡白细胞介素-17基因的克隆和序列分析

根据GenBank中收录的鸡白细胞介素-17（ChIL-17）基因的cDNA序列设计了1对特异性引物，以经ConA刺激3h的鸡脾淋巴细胞总RNA为模板，用RT-PCR方法成功克隆了ChIL-17的cDNA。该cDNA全长725bp，其中第2～508位是该基因的阅读框（ORF），共编码169个氨基酸。与已报道的序列相比较，二者核苷酸序列的同源性为99．6％（722／725），共有3个碱基发生变异，其中有2个变异位于阅读框之内。DNAssit软件分析表明，二者推导的氨基酸序列同源性为100％。同时，以鸡脾淋巴细胞DNA为模板，用PCR方法首次扩增获得了ChIL-17的基因组DNA序列，经序列分析，其序列全长1934bp，由2个内含子和3个外显子组成，3个外显子分别位于第2～27、569～815和1484～1720bp处。     

Cloning and characterization of goose interleukin-17A cDNA

Interleukin-17 (IL-17 or IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated T cells. IL-17A plays important roles in inflammation and host defense. In this study, the cDNA of the goose IL-17A (GoIL-17A) gene was cloned from thymocytes. Recombinant GoIL-17A (rGoIL-17A) was expressed using a baculovirus expression system and then biologically characterized. The complete open reading frame (ORF) of GoIL-17A contains 510 base pairs that encode 169 amino acid residues, including a 29-amino acid signal peptide and a single potential N-linked glycosylation site. This protein has a molecular weight of 18.9 kDa. The amino acid sequence showed 95.9%, 84.6%, 45.0% and 38.4% similarity with the corresponding duck, chicken, rat, and human IL-17A sequences, respectively. The six conserved cysteine residues were also observed in GoIL-17A. A recombinant, mature form of GoIL-17A was produced and its biological activities in goose embryonic fibroblasts were investigated. RT-PCR analysis revealed a marked up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression in goose embryonic fibroblasts treated with 1–50 μg of rGoIL-17A for 12 h. The GoIL-17A gene sequence and the biologically active recombinant protein may be useful for understanding the role of IL-17A in immune regulation.     

鸡白细胞介素4基因的克隆及其原核表达

应用RT—PCR技术,从被诱导的鸡脾脏淋巴细胞中扩增鸡白细胞介素-4（ChIL-4）基因cDNA,经克隆筛选和测序后,构建出重组质粒pGEX-6P—ChIL-4和pET—ChIL-4,分别转化相应的受体菌,经IPTG诱导和SDS—PAGE分析,结果表明ChIL-4基因在上述载体中均获得表达,融合蛋白大小分别为38ku和18ku．Western blot结果也显示,在相对分子质量38ku和18ku位置有特异性条带。这为重组ChIL-4的规模化生产、疫苗佐剂的研制及其单克隆抗体的制备奠定了基础。     

海兰鸡白细胞介素-18全基因的克隆与序列分析

白细胞介素-18（Interleukin-18，IL-18）是一种能诱导产生IFN-γ的新型细胞因子，在调节Th1型细胞免疫应答中起重要作用。根据GenBank发表的鸡IL-18cDNA基因序列，自行设计一对引物，经植物血凝素（PHA）活化60日龄海兰鸡的脾淋巴细胞后，提取其总RNA，经反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）扩增，扩增产物进行了T-A克隆、测序，获得了中国海兰鸡IL-18基因全序列，其大小为597bp，与在GenBank中查得的鸡IL-18基因进行比较发现，中国海兰鸡IL-18基因与Schneider报道的鸡IL-18基因序列完全一致，为进一步研究鸡IL-18基因表达、生物学活性和应用奠定了基础。     

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with chicken interleukin-17

Chicken interleukin-17 (chIL-17) gene was previously characterized through cloning from a chicken intestinal expressed sequence tag (EST) cDNA library. To further investigate the biological properties of chIL-17, six monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against a bacterially expressed chIL-17 recombinant protein were produced and their binding specificities characterized. Antibodies which were initially selected on the basis of their specific binding reactivity with recombinant chIL-17 in ELISA were further characterized by Western blot analysis. Monoclonal antibodies specific for chIL-17 identified 20 and 21kDa protein bands in the culture supernatant and cell lysate of CU205 cells. These mAbs also recognized specific bands for chIL-17 in the cell lysate from conconavalin A (Con A)-activated, but not from normal splenic lymphocytes. Furthermore, these mAbs detected a 16kDa protein in the lysate of CU205 cells treated with tunicamycin and stained an intracellular protein in CU205 cells in flow cytometric analysis. Together, these results indicate that these new mAbs are specific for chIL-17 and will be a useful tool for structural and immunological studies of IL-17 in poultry.     

鸡IL-12的基因克隆与序列分析

IL-12是一个70 kD的异二聚体细胞因子。由40 kD(P40)和35 kD(P35)两条多肽链组成,编码这两条链的基因位于两条不同的染色体上,各自有不同的调节机制[1]。P35、P40亚单位必须在同一细胞表达才能产生具有生物活性的异二聚体P70单体,P40单体无生物活性[2]。IL-12的主要功能是在一系列病理、生理变化中促进TH1细胞增殖、分化、活化,还可以促进NK细胞增殖、分化。在体内IL-12可以增强机体抵抗细菌和寄生虫感染的能力,促进抗肿瘤免疫,影响抗病毒效应包括HIV;同时,它的过度表达可导致自身免疫性疾病和致死性炎症反应[3]。P40仅限于在一些…     

Partial purification and characterization of chicken interleukin-2.

Chicken interleukin 2 (IL-2) activity was partially purified from conditioned medium produced by culturing chicken splenic lymphocytes in the presence of concanavalin A. The purification procedure included sequential steps of gel filtration chromatography, reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, and phenyl-sepharose chromatography. Two peaks of IL-2 activity with apparent mol. wt. ranges of 36-39 kD and 17.5-25 kD were eluted from the Sephadex G100 gel filtration column. An increase in IL-2 spec. act. from 14 U mg-1 to between 2000 and 20,000 U mg-1 was obtained for the Sephadex G100 column peaks when subjected to the subsequent steps of the purification procedure. Alkylative reduction of the higher mol. wt. Sephadex G100 column peak (followed by re-chromatography with Sephadex G100), resulted in generation of the lower (17.5 kD) mol. wt. peak, indicating that chicken IL-2 is capable of either dimerizing or forming aggregates with other proteins. Elution of the lower mol. wt. IL-2 activity from a non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel demonstrated an apparent mol. wt. for chicken IL-2 of 20 kD, which confirmed the range of 17.5-25 kD seen with gel filtration.     

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to chicken interleukin-15

The chicken IL-15 gene was recently cloned and shown to encode a polypeptide with T cell growth factor activity similar to IL-2. To further characterize the chemical and biological properties of chicken IL-15, we generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies against bacterially expressed protein and characterized their binding specificities. All antibodies were reactive by ELISA with recombinant IL-15, but not IL-2, and identified a 15kDa recombinant chicken IL-15 by Western blot analysis. Two antibodies inhibited IL-15-induced proliferation of splenic lymphoblast cells. These monoclonal antibodies will be useful for further structural and immunological studies of chicken IL-15.     

Cloning and functional characterization of recombinant equine P-selectin

The recent molecular characterization and sequencing of equine P-selectin (ePsel), and its glycoprotein ligand, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), have provided the tools for further investigation into their role in leukocyte trafficking. Here, we report the generation of a genetically engineered chimeric protein (ePsel-IgG) in which the equine P-selectin lectin and epithelial growth factor (EGF) domains were covalently linked to the equine IgG1 heavy chain constant region. The soluble ePsel-IgG was observed to bind to equine monocytes by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, equine monocytes bound to immobilized ePsel-IgG in a time course and dose dependent manner. Not only did ePsel-IgG act as an adhesion molecule, it was also found to activate ERK1/2 kinase and induce IL-8 mRNA expression in equine monocytes. That all of the aforementioned ePsel-IgG-induced cell binding and cell signaling were abolished by the addition of EDTA, suggested that ePsel-IgG chimera mediated events occurred via the P-selectin ligand, PSGL-1. We were able to demonstrate that 78% of equine monocytes cross-reacted with anti-human HECA-452 antibody, which recognizes the sialy-Lewis X (sLex) epitope, a well-known carbohydrate binding site on human PSGL-1. Pre-incubation of equine PBMC with neuraminidase or O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (OSGP) reduced ePsel-IgG monocyte binding to 36% or 60%, respectively. Taken together, these data suggest that there might be two ligand recognition sites on P-selectin, one of which recognizes sLex and another which recognizes P-selectin ligand core protein. The ePsel-IgG chimera can be a useful as a reagent for further studies on the role of equine P-selectin and signal transduction in inflammatory events in horse.     

鸡IL-2基因的克隆及GST-chIL2融合蛋白的表达

根据Sundick等发表的鸡IL-2基因(chIL2)序列设计合成特异性引物,用RT-PCR从ConA诱导的鸡脾淋巴细胞扩增出450 bp的目的片段,酶切鉴定及序列测定结果表明为鸡IL-2基因。该基因包括鸡IL-2基因的全部开放阅读框,编码142个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,与GenBank鸡IL-2基因相比,在编码氨基酸的49位有一个氨基酸缺失;而与Broiler、SC、Chenren和Xiaoshan鸡在编码氨基酸上完全一致,具有较近的亲缘关系;与Kestrel来航鸡、来航SPF鸡、Obese、Silky和Xianju鸡等有1-4个氨基酸的差异;与火鸡和鹌鹑的氨基酸同源性分别为69.9%和59.4%。将克隆到的基因插入到融合蛋白原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1中,得到重组表达质粒pGEX-IL2。将此重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH5α,经IPTG诱导,表达出了大小约为40 ku的GST-chIL2融合蛋白,其中GST部分为26 ku,鸡IL-2为14 ku,与预期的鸡IL-2成熟蛋白大小一致。     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies reactive with the chicken interleukin-15 receptor alpha chain

We recently cloned the genes encoding chicken IL-15 and IL-15 receptor (R) alpha proteins. In this study, 12 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant chicken IL-15Ralpha were produced and characterized. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), all mAbs showed binding specificity for IL-15Ralpha, but not IL-2 or interferon-gamma, and identified a 25.0kDa protein by immunoblot analysis. Flow cytometric analysis revealed negligible expression of IL-15Ralpha on non-activated lymphocytes from the spleen, thymus or bursa, low but detectable expression on macrophages and high expression on concanavalin A-activated spleen lymphoblasts. Established chicken T cell (RP13) and macrophage (HD11) cell lines expressed substantially higher levels of IL-15Ralpha compared with a B cell line (RP9). Two mAbs inhibited IL-15 dependent proliferation of T cells suggesting that the tertiary structure of the protein domain of native IL-15Ralpha that binds to IL-15 is preserved in the recombinant receptor molecule. These mAbs will be useful reagents for further in vitro and in vivo studies of the biological functions of chicken IL-15 and its receptor.     

Cloning and functional characterization of allelic variation in the porcine prolactin receptor

Prolactin (PRL) regulates various functions in pigs including reproduction, mammary development and lactation. We used 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE) to clone three full-length alleles of the porcine PRL receptor (pPRLR) from Landrace (alleles LR2 and LR4) and Yucatan miniature (MP) pigs, corresponding to the A and B alleles previously reported to be associated with reproductive traits. When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells, all three pPRLRs transduced differentiation signals to a beta-casein promoter with the same effectiveness, where human growth hormone (hGH) and porcine PRL (pPRL) were more effective ligands than ovine PRL (oPRL). The pPRLR had a lower binding affinity for oPRL than pPRL while binding affinity for hGH was not different between the three pPRLR variants. The pPRLRs primarily localized to the cytoplasm with perinuclear concentration. In conclusion, we have cloned three allelic variants of the pPRLR and have functionally characterized these as different from the hPRLR. However, our data do not support the proposal that allelic variation of the pPRLR confers functional differences in vivo.     

Structural and functional homology among chicken, duck, goose, turkey and pigeon interleukin-8 proteins

Interleukin (IL)-8-encoding regions of five avian species were cloned, sequenced and characterized. Each IL-8-encoding region is 312 nucleotides long and encodes IL-8 which is 103 amino acids. Pairwise sequence analysis showed that sequence identities of IL-8-encoding regions ranged from 87% to 100%. The IL-8 protein identities varied from 84% to 100%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that IL-8-encoding regions and encoded proteins of chicken, duck, goose and turkey clustered together and evolved into a distinct phylogenetic lineage from that of pigeon which evolved into a second lineage. The results from binding reactivities of antiserum against each recombinant IL-8 (rIL-8) protein to homologous or heterologous rIL-8 proteins, chemotactic activities of each rIL-8 protein or reduction levels of the chemotactic activity of rIL-8 protein which was pretreated with homologous or heterlogous antiserum have suggested that all five IL-8 proteins were functionally active, and shared structural and functional identity with each other.     

鸡γ-干扰素基因的克隆及其在原核和真核系统中的表达

应用一步法逆转录—聚合酶链式反应 (RT_PCR)技术对罗曼蛋鸡γ_干扰素基因 (CHIFN_γ)进行了扩增。试验结果表明 ,在植物血凝素 (PHA) 5 0 0 μg/mL、细胞浓度 2 .5× 1 0 6/mL、诱导 1 0h,能从外周血淋巴细胞和脾淋巴细胞的总RNA中扩增出特异性片段。将RT_PCR产物克隆到PGEM_Teasy载体 ,经过限制性酶切分析、测序证实克隆到的CHIFN_γ基因正确 ,命名为PGEM_CHIFN_γ。序列分析表明 ,CHIFN_γ基因与已发表的鸡IFN_γ基因的同源性为 95 .6%～ 1 0 0 % ,氨基酸水平同源性为 92 .8%～ 1 0 0 % ,与鸭IFN_γ核苷酸同源性为 67.5 %。将CHIFN_γ基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX_6P_1的GST基因的下游 ,经IPTG诱导后表达出了 43kD的融合蛋白 ,超声波裂解后发现融合蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在 ,裂解上清无抑制病毒活性 ;然而将该基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3 .1中 ,通过脂质体转染COS_1细胞 ,用鼠抗CHIFN_γ高免血清进行间接免疫荧光试验 (IFA) ,结果表明在COS_1细胞的细胞膜和胞浆内均有CHIFN_γ表达 ,且细胞病变抑制试验证实 ,转染后细胞培养上清有干扰素活性 ,在鸡胚成纤维细胞 (CEF)上抑制VSV病毒的效价可达到 1 0 2 4U/ml。这些结果表明真核表达系统对CHIFN_γ基因表达产物的活性有重要影响。     

Monoclonal antibodies against chicken interleukin-6

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were produced against a recombinant (r) chicken interleukin-6 (IL-6). Eight mAbs produced were tested for isotype; ability to inhibit recombinant forms of chicken (ch), human (h) and murine (m) IL-6; and recognition of rchIL-6 by Western immunoblotting. The mAb isotypes were represented by IgG1 (one), IgG2a (six) and IgG2b (one). In a mouse B9 hybridoma cell bioassay with rmIL-6, four mAbs effectively inhibited activity of rmIL-6. Further bioassays with the four mAbs at varying concentrations showed that two of these mAbs (1.20.7 and 1.26.4) were quite effective at inhibiting rmIL-6. Recombinant forms of ch, h and mIL-6 were all tested in a bioassay with the most potent inhibiting mAb (1.26.4), and this mAb was effective in inhibiting all three recombinant IL-6 proteins. Western immunoblotting revealed identification of the original IL-6 immunogen used for mAb production. Based upon inhibition of IL-6 activity in a standard bioassay and IL-6 recognition by Western immunoblotting, mAb 1.26.4 was judged the most useful antibody for future studies and applications.     

Expressed gene sequences of the equine cytokines interleukin-17 and interleukin-23

This report describes the initial cloning and characterization of the equine interleukin-17 (IL-17) expressed gene sequence from mRNA obtained from equine intestinal tissue and interleukin-23 (IL-23) expressed gene sequence from mRNA obtained from equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Equine IL-17 has 462 nucleotides in the translated region, determined by homology with known human and mouse sequences, and shares 84% and 75% identity, respectively. For the deduced amino acid sequences, the identity with human and mouse is 76% and 70%. Equine IL-23 has 579 nucleotides in the translated region. Homology with known human and mouse sequences was determined to be 89% and 77%. Deduced amino acid identities are 89% with the human sequence and 70% with the mouse sequence. The gene sequences were identified as part of the U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network with a goal of developing reagents in order to aid veterinary researchers in the investigation of diseases in livestock species.