优质粮饲兼用型玉米品种伟科702

伟科702是农业部确定的主导推介玉米品种,于2012年通过国家审定。伟科702不仅是高产的粮食作物品种,同时也是优质的饲料作物品种,营养品质达到国家一级标准。作为优质粮饲兼用型玉米代表性品种,其品质优,产量高,满足了养殖企业、种植户对青贮玉米的需求。本文介绍了优质青贮玉米应具备的条件,并对优质粮饲兼用型玉米伟科702的产量、品质及栽培技术做了详细介绍。     

粮饲兼用型玉米杂交种濮单4号

濮单4号(原濮7812)是河南省濮阳农科所1995年育成的高产优质粮饲兼用型杂交种,2001年4月通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

粮饲兼用型玉米品种菏玉167及栽培技术

菏玉167是菏泽市农业科学院和山东省菏泽市科源种业有限公司联合审定的优质高产、粮饲兼用型玉米品种,该品种以自交系8210为母本、自交系7278为父本杂交选育而成,2016年通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号:鲁审玉20160016号。菏玉167株型紧凑,夏播生育期108d,比郑单958早熟1d,具有抗性好、优质高产、粮饲兼用等优点,适宜在黄淮海夏玉米种植区种植,种植密度为6.75万株/hm²左右。     

粮饲兼用型玉米品种华皖261的选育及栽培技术

华皖261是以自选系L238为母本、自选系LB144为父本杂交选育而成的玉米品种,具有高产、稳产、优质、广适、多抗、粮饲兼用等特点。2017年通过安徽省审定,2018—2019年分别通过河南、河北、山东、山西、陕西5个省份的引种备案,适宜在黄淮海夏玉米区域种植。介绍了华皖261的选育过程及配套技术,为其推广提供参考。     

粮饲兼用型玉米新品种兴垦3号

1品种来源兴垦3号(原代号垦339)由内蒙古兴安盟农垦种业有限公司玉米研究所育成,2002年通过内蒙古自治区品种审定委员会审定. 2特征特性该品种在兴安盟地区为中晚熟品种,出苗至成熟121～123天,需≥10℃活动积温2600℃～2650℃,比四单19早熟2～3天.属中秆大穗型品种,株高245～250cm,穗位90～95cm,果穗长筒型,红轴,穗长25～28cm,穗粗5.1cm,穗行数以14行为主,每行48～50粒,籽粒半马齿型,桔红色,胚乳角质多,米质好,后期脱水快,出籽率87%,千粒重420～440g.     

粮饲兼用型玉米品种德丰金玉 5 的选育

玉米新品种德丰金玉5（参加试验名为石玉181）由石家庄市农林科学院以石516为母本,H1710为父本选育而成。2020年12月,河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（编号冀审玉20208031）。该品种突出特点是丰产、稳产性好,适宜作为粮饲兼用型玉米,在唐山、廊坊和河北省中南部推广种植。本研究分析了德丰金玉5号的选育过程、性状及高产栽培技术,以期为该品种生产提质增效提供指导。     

粮饲兼用型玉米品种淄玉14高产栽培技术

<正>淄玉14杂交组合为Lz912/Lz809,该品种在2006、2007年参加山东省夏玉米新品种区域试验,2008年通过山东省农作物审定委员会审定(审定编号:鲁农审208007),育种单位为淄博鲁中农作物研究所,生产经营单位为淄博博信农业科技有限公司。该品种早熟、耐     

粮饲兼用型玉米新品种真金8号的选育

玉米具有粮食和饲料兼用的特点，青贮玉米通过乳酸菌作用，菌体蛋白增加20％-30％，营养价值提高30％-35％。1kg玉米青贮后的营养价值相当于0.22-0.25个饲料单位，或相当于0.4kg优质干草,远高于马铃薯、饲用甜菜、苜蓿、三叶草、饲用大麦等饲料作物。同时秸秆变软、变熟、易消化，增进食欲，     

粮饲兼用型玉米新品种——中原单32号

中原单 32号是由中国农业科学院通过核辐射选育而成的玉米杂交种 ,1998年通过国家审定 ;1999年全国畜牧兽医总站 1号文件要求在各地大力推广 ;1999年被五部委批准为国家重点新产品项目 ;2 0 0 1年被农业部确定为全国重点推广品种 ;2 0 0 1年获国家专利 ,专利号 (9811930 4 .80 )。到目前为止 ,是全国唯一通过审定的粮饲兼用型优良玉米新品种。中原单 32号玉米是个粮饲兼用品种 ,其主要特性 :(1)高产。在中上等水肥条件下 ,一般亩产籽粒 5 0 0～80 0 kg,鲜秸秆 35 0 0～ 4 0 0 0 kg,乳熟期亩收青贮秸秆5 0 0 0～ 6 0 0 0 kg。 (2 )优质。籽粒…     

庄浪县粮饲兼用型玉米引种试验

庄浪县位于甘肃省东部,六盘山西麓,年均气温8℃,无霜期142d,≥10℃的活动积温2208．8-2903．7℃,年降雨量490mm左右,雨热同季,昼夜温差大,气候适宜大秋作物生产。玉米是庄浪县仅次于冬小麦的第二大作物,常年种植面积在10000hm2以上。为了进一步提升庄浪县玉米生产的能力,做好品种的更新换代,增强农产品的市场竞争力,并为养殖业提供充足的饲草,2009年我们开展了粮饲兼用型玉米新品种的引进试验研究,现将结果报道如下。     

玉米品种江单6的选育

为适应当前玉米生产全程机械化的需求,黑龙江省农业科学院利用自育优良骨干自交系HRM2961为母本,HRKF1075为父本组配优异玉米杂交种江单6,该品种茎秆强壮,株高适中。品质分析结及病害接种鉴定结果均显示出优良特性。2014～2015年省区试及2016年生产试验结果显示均照对照增产。2017年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号：黑审玉2017018）。现将该品种的亲本来源、选育过程和品种的特征特性进行详细阐述,期望对黑龙江省早熟区玉米的选育和该品种的推广应用有所帮助。     

饲用玉米品种对饲草产量和品质的影响

摘要：为筛选适宜在新疆北疆地区种植的饲用玉米新品种,采用随机区组设计评价了青贮玉米（新饲玉12号、雅玉8号）、普通玉米（金玉818）和饲草玉米（玉草3号、墨西哥玉米）的产草潜力和主要营养价值。各饲用玉米生育期相近。干草产量玉草3号最高为40875 kg/hm2,新饲玉12号、雅玉8号、金玉818和墨西哥玉米干草产量依次为36675、35910、33495和26325 kg/hm2。粗蛋白含量玉草3号最高为10.67%DM,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表现最优为雅玉8号分别为53.6%DM和33.6%DM。结果表明饲用玉米品种类型对干草产量和品质有极显著影响。新饲玉12号是立足于当地环境选育的优质青贮玉米;远缘杂交合成的玉草3号和具有热带玉米血缘的雅玉8号是优质、高产的饲用作物类型,具有广泛的生态适应性,也可作为优质饲用作物在北疆推广。     

高密高产玉米新品种石玉13号

石玉13号是石家庄市农业科学研究院以PH 4为母本,W 25为父本经有性杂交选育而成的高密高产玉米新品种,2016年河北众诚联合体超高密组区域试验,平均单产10 422.0 kg·hm^-2,差异显著。2017年同组区域试验,平均单产10 498.5 kg·hm^-2,比对照郑单958增产2.6%,同年生产试验平均单产10 324.5 kg·hm^-2。2018年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(编号:冀审玉20188010号)。石玉13号的主要特点是高密、高产,适宜在河北省唐山、廊坊市及其以南的夏播玉米区夏播种植。     

Genetics and biology of cytoplasmic male sterility and its applications in forage and turf grass breeding

Hybrid breeding can exploit heterosis and thus offers opportunities to maximize yield, quality and resistance traits in crop species. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely applied tool for efficient hybrid seed production. Encoded in the mitochondrial genome, CMS is maternally inherited, and thus, it can be challenging to apply in breeding schemes of allogamous self‐incompatible plant species, such as perennial ryegrass. Starting with a general introduction to the origin and the function of mitochondria in plants, this review focuses on the genetics and biology of CMS systems in plants to identify conserved and system‐specific mechanisms. We examine prospects of comparative mitochondrial genomics to identify candidate genes and causative polymorphisms associated with CMS across species and discuss specificities, obstacles and potentials of CMS as a breeding tool for maximizing heterosis in forage grasses. The purpose of the review is to highlight the importance of CMS and hybrid breeding in grasses, with the aim of facilitating research and development of novel breeding strategies to address the future needs for food, feed and biomass production.     

Maize of southeastern Europe and its potential value in breeding programs elsewhere

Maize types and varieties cultivated in southeastern Europe may be traced to a number of introductions of widely-differing New World maize races. Subsequent hybridization, introgression, and selection have resulted in the evolution of many unique ecotypes.This paper describes the apparent history and current distribution of the major maize races and race groups of southeastern Europe. The classification is preliminary in nature, since not all material present in the area has been adequately collected or examined. The known and potential special breeding value of the major maize races domestic to the area are discussed, and emphasis is placed on the importance of quick action in the collection and preservation of this valuable and irreplaceable germplasm source.Brief mention is also made of planned international cooperation in the further collection and conservation of southeastern European maize germ plasm.A joint contribution from the Food and Agriculture Division, USOM, Belgrade, the Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb University, and the Maize Research Institute, Beograd-Zemun Polje. Yugoslavia. Prepared while the senior author was serving as maize technical consultant to USOM and the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, 1960–1961. Eari. R. Leng, Professor of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. U.S.A.:A. Tavar, Chief Professor of Genetics, Zagreb University. Yugoslavia: V. Trifunovi. Head. Breeding Department. Maize Research Institute. Beograd-Zemun Polje, Yugoslavia.     

云南软米品种的选育应用及管理

云南软米是云南省特有的一种优质米,以其独特的蒸煮和食味品质在国际市场上倍受青睐。20世纪70年代以来,云南省开始利用现代育种技术对地方软米品种的不良性状持续进行改良;90年代,在坚持籼型软米新品种培育的同时,开始了粳型软米品种的选育研究。农业行政主管部门根据稻谷生产,特别是软米生产发展的需要,及时开展评选活动,制定品种审定标准。随着人民生活水平的提高,企业也逐渐重视软米的生产加工。对云南省软米品种的选育和应用历史进行了回顾,提出改进品种管理工作,服务软米新品种选育应用,促进软米生产发展的建议。     

品种设计与商业化育种

本文讨论了商业化育种过程中，品种选育的方法问题，通过对当前育种科学发展的趋势和我国商业化育种状况的分析，提出了以品种设计为基础的商业化育种方式，文章简要阐述了品种设计的内容和方法以及对未来商业化育种的影响。     

顺麦6号的选育与栽培技术

河南省是我国重要的商品粮基地,同时又是全国重要的小麦生产大省,稳定并逐步增加优质小麦生产面积并提高产量对于保证国家粮食生产安全和战略储备具有重要意义。顺麦6号为河南省审定小麦品种,审定编号:豫审麦20180035。介绍了顺麦6号特征特性及产量表现,从精细整地、适期适量播种等方面提出了其高产栽培技术,以期为该品种的迅速推广提供技术支撑。     

BLUP for phenotypic selection in plant breeding and variety testing

Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is a standard method for estimating random effects of a mixed model. This method was originally developed in animal breeding for estimation of breeding values and is now widely used in many areas of research. It does not, however, seem to have gained the same popularity in plant breeding and variety testing as it has in animal breeding. In plants, application of mixed models with random genetic effects has up until recently been mainly restricted to the estimation of genetic and non-genetic components of variance, whereas estimation of genotypic values is mostly based on a model with fixed effects. This paper reviews recent developments in the application of BLUP in plant breeding and variety testing. These include the use of pedigree information to model and exploit genetic correlation among relatives and the use of flexible variance–covariance structures for genotype-by-environment interaction. We demonstrate that BLUP has good predictive accuracy compared to other procedures. While pedigree information is often included via the so-called numerator relationship matrix $({\user2{A}})Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is a standard method for estimating random effects of a mixed model. This method was originally developed in animal breeding for estimation of breeding values and is now widely used in many areas of research. It does not, however, seem to have gained the same popularity in plant breeding and variety testing as it has in animal breeding. In plants, application of mixed models with random genetic effects has up until recently been mainly restricted to the estimation of genetic and non-genetic components of variance, whereas estimation of genotypic values is mostly based on a model with fixed effects. This paper reviews recent developments in the application of BLUP in plant breeding and variety testing. These include the use of pedigree information to model and exploit genetic correlation among relatives and the use of flexible variance–covariance structures for genotype-by-environment interaction. We demonstrate that BLUP has good predictive accuracy compared to other procedures. While pedigree information is often included via the so-called numerator relationship matrix , we stress that it is frequently straightforward to exploit the same information by a simple mixed model without explicit reference to the -matrix. This paper is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Wolfgang K?hler (University of Giessen, Germany) on the occasion of his 65th birthday.