On the Etiology of “Scotty Cramp” and “Splay” — Two Motoring Disorders Common in the Scottish Terrier Breed

The skull-cap, the meninges, and the dorsal surface of the cerebral cortex were inspected in 20 Scottish Terriers subjected to euthanasia because of severe Scotty Cramp, and in 1 Cocker Spaniel and 2 Scottish Terrier puppies sacrificed because of Splay (inability to stand on the hind legs).Apparent abnormalities observed in the 12 younger (6 weeks to 18 months old) Scotty Cramp animals were firm medial adhesion of the dura to the skull-cap (all animals), meningeal hemorrhage (10 animals), and bony jags on the inner side of the skull-cap making impressions in the underlying dura and cerebral cortex (8 animals).Similar bony irregularities causing durai and cortical impressions were observed in 5 out of 8 Scotty Cramp dogs belonging to a senior age group (3 to 11 years old). Meningeal hemorrhage was observed only in 1 animal belonging to this group, but consistent observations were scarified appearance of the dura along the midline and induration around superior cerebral veins medially in the cruciate sulcus.Meningeal hemorrhage and firm medial adhesion of the dura to the skull-cap were consistent observations in the Splay puppies (6 weeks to 3 months old).The possibility is discussed that the ultimate cause of Scotty Cramp and Splay may be abnormalities in the development of the parietal and frontal bones, of their interconnection, and of their relation to the underlying meninges. This in turn may exert mechanical, circulatory or other influences causing dysfunction of the cerebral motor cortex.     

“1237”P氏生物安全立体非洲猪瘟防控体系

在目前非洲猪瘟疫苗毒株、变异毒株、野毒株并存背景下,只做好外部生物安全已不足以达到防控非洲猪瘟的目的。因疫苗毒株隐蔽性强、检测难度大,不知道通过引种是否会将疫苗毒株带到猪场。因此,未来猪场生物安全不能只关注场外生物安全,更重要的是要运用“以猪为本”的“1237”P氏生物安全立体非洲猪瘟防控体系,即在做好“控五流”等外部生物安全的同时,更要关注饮水安全、注重猪的自身健康度、提高猪的非特异性免疫力,才能实现“与非共存,与蓝共舞”。所谓“立体防控”是指全方位的防控,而不是仅仅针对猪场大门的传统生物安全防控。