模拟动物胆囊研制与利用技术研究

对２０头黄牛通过手术方法将模拟动物胆囊植入牛腹腔内，术后３个月在模拟动物胆囊内形成培植牛黄９．５５±２．８１ｇ，经模拟动物胆囊引流胆汁３８．７２±１９．４０Ｌ。对２０个培植牛黄样品成分含量测定，胆红素为２８．７２±８．８４％，胆酸为１０．０３±２．７６％。培植牛黄电镜扫描呈蜂窝状结构；培植牛黄石腊切片后进行ＰＡＳ、Ａｌｃｉａｎ蓝－ＰＡＳ、ＡｌｉｚａｒｉｎｒｅｄＳ钙染色，证明培植牛黄的基质为中性粘多糖和少重酸性粘多糖构成。对模拟动物胆囊内胆汁成分含量测定表明，胆酸含量始终较术前明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），粘蛋白含量较术前升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。培植牛黄的药理作用和急性毒性和天然牛黄相似。模拟胆囊内含菌量增加，达１．７亿个／ｍ１，主要为大肠杆菌。     

THE USE OF IMIDOCARB DIPROPRIONATE FOR THE TREATMENT OF THEILERIA SERGENTI INFECTIONS OF CATTLE

SUMMARY Imidocarb diproprionate (IMDP) was used therapeutically at a dose of 1.2 mg IMDP/kg of body weight against Theileria sergenti infections in Hereford heifers on the island of Jeju-Do, Republic of Korea. In the first experiment IMDP was seen to be at least as effective in reducing T. sergenti parasitaemias as primaquine phosphate (primaquine), the drug normally used on the island. In the second and third experiments IMDP was shown to reduce T. sergenti parasitaemias by about 80%. No drug is known to be completely effective against T. sergenti infections but the suggestion is made that IMDP may be used in preference to primaquine for treatment of acutely ill animals since it also has the advantage of eliminating Babesia ovata, another element of the piroplasmosis syndrome on the island.     

国产咪唑苯脲二丙酸盐在牛体内的药代动力学及组织残留

给牛单剂量肌注咪唑苯脲二丙酸盐(2mg/kg)。用紫外分光光度计测出不同时间的血药浓度,并按有吸收一室模型=M(e~(-ket)—e~(-kat))公式,计算出咪唑苯脲的主要药代动力学参数:吸收速率常数(k_a)为2.027h~(-1);清除速率常数(k_e)为0.419h~(-1),峰时间(T~(max))为1.18h;峰浓度(C~(max))为1.746μg/ml;吸收相半衰期(t1/2k_a)为0.342h,消除相半衰期(t1/2k_e)为1.165h;表观分布容积(Vd)为0.88L/kg;体清除率(BIC)为0.25L/kg/h。咪唑苯脲在牛的肝、肾、心,胆汁、脑、肌肉、脂肪中的残留量:停药后1个月分别为0.94、1.47、1.10、1.89,0.81、1.47和0.72μg/g;停药后2个月分别为0.763、0.454、0.232、0.493、0.106、0.662和0.441μg/g;停药后3个月分别为0.512、0.326、0.174、0.019、0.067、0.183和0.058μg/g。