COMPARATIVE ORGAN IMAGING Lower Urinary Tract

Survey and contrast radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography are diagnostic imaging modes used to evaluate the urinary bladder, prostate gland, and urethra. Their comparative advantages and limitations for evaluation of the lower urinary tract are described and illustrated. Veterinary Radiology, Vol. 25, No. 4, 1984; pp 146–153 .     

猫下泌尿道综合征

猫下泌尿道综合征（FLUTD）是猫最常见的疾病之一,因其发病率高、病因复杂、确诊困难、治疗后易复发等特点,逐渐成为猫科疾病的研究热点。FLUTD包括多种疾病类型,精准治疗、合理预防已成为科学防控该疾病的关键。本文从FLUTD的分类、流行病学及风险因子、发病机制、临床症状、诊断和防治对该综合征进行综述,以推动猫下泌尿道综合征的深入研究及临床诊疗的发展。     

30例猫下泌尿道疾病临床诊断与治疗的分析

猫下泌尿道疾病是对猫泌尿系统发生的一种或多种疾病的综合性描述,是猫最常见的疾病之一,多数情况下不能自愈,一旦发病往往不断加重,不仅累及泌尿系统原发病灶,而且常引起其他组织器官的损害,甚至以死亡归转。通过对30例猫下泌尿道病例诊断和治疗过程的统计整理与分析,系统地梳理了猫下泌尿道疾病的诊断和治疗方法,以期对兽医临床工作者有所帮助。     

犬排泄性尿路X线造影检查方法的研究

为探讨犬尿路Ｘ线造影检查的最佳途径及阐述造影影像与脏器部分生理功能之间的关系,按照自身循环对照设计法对５只本地杂交犬进行了不同的辅助方法及条件下的排泄性尿路造影。用双盲法进行读片,结果表明,通过循环试验获得的投照条件表可用于各项造影检查,并取得满意效果。运用低张法更清楚地显示肾盂,输尿管及膀胱结构;低张法造影可代替加压法造影以减少压迫程序和动物的痛苦;术前进行饮食节制,缓泻剂及生理盐水灌肠代替肥皂     

Fasting Urinary Calcium‐to‐Creatinine and Oxalate‐to‐Creatinine Ratios in Dogs with Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis and Breed‐Matched Controls

Background

Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria are risk factors for calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis, but breed‐specific reports of urinary metabolites and their relationship with stone status are lacking.

Objective

To compare urinary metabolites (calcium and oxalate) and blood ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations between CaOx stone formers and breed‐matched stone‐free controls for the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds.

Animals

Forty‐seven Miniature Schnauzers (23 cases and 24 controls), 27 Bichons Frise (14 cases and 13 controls), and 15 Shih Tzus (7 cases and 8 controls).

Methods

Prospective study. Fasting spot urinary calcium‐to‐creatinine and oxalate‐to‐creatinine ratios (UCa/Cr and UOx/Cr, respectively) and blood iCa concentrations were measured and compared between cases and controls within and across breeds. Regression models were used to test the effect of patient and environmental factors on these variables.

Results

UCa/Cr was higher in cases than controls for each of the 3 breeds. In addition to stone status, being on a therapeutic food designed to prevent CaOx stone recurrence was associated with higher UCa/Cr. UOx/Cr did not differ between cases and controls for any of the breeds. Blood iCa was higher in cases than controls in the Miniature Schnauzer and Bichon Frise breeds and had a moderate correlation with UCa/Cr.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Hypercalciuria is associated with CaOx stone status in the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds. UOx/Cr did not correlate with stone status in these 3 breeds. These findings may influence breed‐specific stone prevention recommendations.