观赏海棠果玫瑰花复合果冻的研制

采用单因素试验和正交试验设计,以观赏海棠果、玫瑰花为主要原料,对观赏海棠果玫瑰花复合果冻的加工工艺进行研究探讨。结果表明,观赏海棠果玫瑰花复合果冻最优工艺条件为海棠果添加量10%,混合凝胶(阿拉伯胶∶黄原胶∶魔芋胶=1:2:2)添加量1.8%,白砂糖添加量18%。在此条件下,制备的海棠果玫瑰花复合果冻成型完整、口感顺滑、弹性和韧性适度、色泽诱人、酸甜可口。     

火龙果低糖保健果冻的研制

以新鲜火龙果和蜂蜜为主要原料,研制色泽美观、独特风味的低糖保健果冻。通过单因素试验和正交试验,以果冻感官评分和质构特性为指标,优化果冻生产配方,得到最优果冻工艺为火龙果添加量10%,蜂蜜添加量20%,复配胶添加量2%(魔芋胶∶黄原胶∶卡拉胶=1∶2∶2),柠檬酸添加量0.12%。该产品具有火龙果清香味,色泽均匀、组织形态、口感良好。     

哈密瓜-木瓜低糖营养果冻的研制

为研制风味良好、营养丰富的保健型果肉果冻,以哈密瓜肉和木瓜汁为主要原料,对哈密瓜木瓜新型复合营养果肉果冻的生产配方进行优化,探讨了复合胶的组成与配比,研究哈密瓜果肉、木瓜汁、复合胶、木糖醇、柠檬酸添加量五因素对果冻感官品质的影响。通过单因素试验和正交试验,筛选出以卡拉胶∶魔芋胶∶明胶=2∶1∶1为复合胶,果冻的最佳配方为:哈密瓜果肉添加量8%、木瓜汁添加量10%、复合胶添加量1.0%,木糖醇添加量14%、柠檬酸添加量0.15%,所得到的成品营养丰富,色泽呈均匀橙黄色,酸甜适口,弹性好,平均感官品质评分为94.5分,是一种新型的低糖复合营养果肉果冻,具有较好的市场前景。     

马齿苋柠檬汁复合果冻制作工艺的研究

以马齿苋、柠檬为原料,添加适量的白砂糖,使用合适的胶凝剂,研究马齿苋柠檬汁复合型果冻加工工艺。结果表明,胶凝剂最佳配比为果胶∶琼脂为3∶2,产品配方为马齿苋添加量51%,柠檬汁添加量14%,白砂糖添加量34%,复合胶凝剂添加量1%。试验所得果冻爽滑可口、风味独特、营养价值高。     

保健型南瓜豆奶果冻的研制

以新鲜南瓜和高蛋白大豆东农42为主要原料,采用单因素试验、正交试验和感官评价得分确立了南瓜豆奶果冻的最佳加工工艺,配方为果汁原汁添加量45%,南瓜汁∶豆奶=3∶1,赤藓糖醇添加量15%,苹果酸添加量0.12%,复合胶添加量2%(卡拉胶添加量∶黄原胶添加量∶魔芋胶添加量=3∶2∶1)。采用该工艺制得的果冻产品色泽均匀、口感细腻、酸甜适中、香气协调,且可作为功能保健食品增加到糖尿病等低糖摄入人群日常饮食种类中。     

保健型蓝莓山药果粒果冻的研制

以蓝莓和山药为主要原料制作保健型蓝莓山药果粒果冻,以凝胶硬度和感官评价为指标,研究蓝莓汁和山药汁配比、蔗糖添加量、蓝莓果粒添加量、复合胶粉添加量对果冻品质的影响。通过正交试验设计,确定了保健型蓝莓山药果粒果冻的工艺最佳参数为蓝莓山药混合果汁添加量30%,蓝莓汁与山药汁的配比3∶1(V/V),蔗糖添加量8%,蓝莓果粒添加量17%,复合胶粉添加量1.2%(卡拉胶0.9%,魔芋粉0.3%)。在此工艺条件下制备的果冻结构均匀、细腻光滑、酸甜可口,具有独特的蓝莓山药风味。     

松针绿茶复合保健果冻加工工艺研究

以松针和绿茶为原料,以黄酮为功能因子,研制松针绿茶复合保健果冻。通过单因素试验和正交试验,得出适宜于果冻生产的松针提取工艺为浸提温度75℃,浸提时间135 min,料液比1∶22(g∶m L);果冻的最佳工艺条件为松针提取液添加量10%,绿茶提取液添加量20%,白砂糖添加量12%,复配胶添加量1.4%。该产品具有松针和绿茶的风味,口感爽滑、色泽均匀、酸甜适度,有一定的保健功能,开发前景广阔。     

雪莲果猕猴桃低糖营养果冻配方研究

为研制风味独特的低糖果冻,以雪莲果与猕猴桃果汁为原料,采用混料设计优化复配胶（卡拉胶、魔芋胶、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na））比例,分别讨论复配胶、复合果汁（雪莲果∶猕猴桃=2∶1）、木糖醇及柠檬酸添加量对果冻品质的影响,并采用响应面法优化果冻配方。结果表明,雪莲果猕猴桃果冻的最佳配比为：以500 g果冻为基准,复配胶添加量0.8%,其中卡拉胶∶魔芋胶∶CMC-Na=0.525∶0.355∶0.120,复合果汁添加量25%,木糖醇添加量12%,柠檬酸添加量0.1%。在该配方下,所得雪莲果果冻口感细腻,弹性适中,酸甜可口,具有独特的雪莲果香味。     

大豆异黄酮无糖果冻的配方研究

为开发一种新型的、具有功能性的大豆异黄酮无糖果冻,研究大豆异黄酮、复配胶、柠檬酸和木糖醇的添加量对大豆异黄酮无糖果冻质构性能(硬度、弹性和胶着性)和感官品质的影响,并采用正交试验对果冻的工艺配方进行优化。结果表明,大豆异黄酮果冻最优工艺条件为复配胶添加量1.4%,大豆异黄酮添加量0.4%,柠檬酸添加量0.09%,木糖醇添加量11%。在此条件下制备的果冻具有独特的大豆异黄酮风味,晶莹剔透、酸甜可口、富有弹性。     

红心火龙果山楂复合果冻的研制

为丰富果冻产品种类,提高红心火龙果和山楂的附加值,以红心火龙果、山楂为主要原料,在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面法对红心火龙果山楂复合果冻的配方进行优化。结果表明,红心火龙果山楂复合果冻的最优配方为：复合纯果汁（红心火龙果汁与山楂果汁复配质量比为1∶1.46）添加量30%,复合胶（CMC-Na与卡拉胶复配质量比为1∶5）添加量1.09%,柠檬酸添加量0.12%,甜菜红素添加量0.5‰,白砂糖添加量9.82%。按配方制得的果冻产品具有红心火龙果和山楂混合的典型风味,晶莹剔透,酸甜可口,富有弹性,营养丰富,产品感官评分为91.16分。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

母猪繁殖障碍成因分析

繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素（如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄）、环境因素（如温度、湿度、通风、光照）、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。