Driver perception reaction time under the emergency evacuation situation

The way of scenario simulation is used to create a driving environment in the emergency evacuation and the questionnaire investigation. The Miriam ECG are used to verify the validity of the driving environment in the emergency evacuation from subjective and objective aspects. Based on the SimWorld driving simulator, the research is conducted on three kinds of Perception Reaction Time (PRT) under both normal situation and the emergency evacuation situation: the PRT under the sudden situation, the PRT during acceleration and the PRT during deceleration.     

Analysis of Yangtze River Water as a Potential Source for Developing a Water Source Heat Pump in Chongqing

Characteristics of smoke flow and fire spread in a patio space of a high-rise building were studied to investigate their influences on fire compartment and safety evacuation. Fire development model was established and fire scenarios were designed to simulate fire and smoke spread by CFD software numerically based on concepts of fire performance-based design in a high-rise building with double patio space, whose height are 74. 65 m and 55. 95 m, respectively. Simulation results show that in all fire scenarios, performance targets for safety evacuation for people in each floor was satisfied, if smoke was extracted naturally using the patio space. Hang walls mounted in corridors around the patio space prevent smoke flowing out smoothly, shorten the coming of the risk time and increase fire danger. Using chimney effect, it is preferred to adopt natural smoke exhaust method in a high rise building with patio space.     

Numerical Analysis of Acoustic Environment with Finite Element Method

The acoustic environment of highway tunnel is complex and has influences on the driving safety and comfort. In case of emergency, evacuation information is difficult to transfer. Finite element method is used for calculating highway tunnel acoustic modal and attenuation characteristics. The results show that acoustic mode of highway tunnel has symmetry in the horizontal pressure amplitude of symmetry regional is equal and phase is the same or opposite. The higher modal frequency, the greater sound pressure amplitude is, and the effect of tunnel length on modal frequency is smaller. Decay curves of pressure level at each point in the highway tunnel over time are nonlinear. After the source excitation, in 1.5 s, attenuation rate is faster than that of few seconds later and the attenuation time of sound pressure level 30 dB is 5.5 to 7 s.     

Numerical Simulation for Fire Smoke Flow in a High-rise Building with Patio Space

Characteristics of smoke flow and fire spread in a patio space of a high-rise building were studied to investigate their influences on fire compartment and safety evacuation.Fire development model was established and fire scenarios were designed to simulate fire and smoke spread by CFD software numerically based on concepts of fire performance-based design in a high-rise building with double patio space,whose height are 74.65 m and 55.95 m,respectively.Simulation results show that in all fire scenarios,performance targets for safety evacuation for people in each floor was satisfied,if smoke was extracted naturally using the patio space.Hang walls mounted in corridors around the patio space prevent smoke flowing out smoothly,shorten the coming of the risk time and increase fire danger.Using chimney effect,it is preferred to adopt natural smoke exhaust method in a high-rise building with patio space.     

臭氧处理稻谷降解黄曲霉毒素B_1的工艺条件优化

研究了臭氧处理浓度、时间、稻谷量对稻谷黄曲霉毒素B1降解率的影响,并通过响应面法优化了臭氧处理稻谷降解黄曲霉毒素B1的工艺。结果表明:臭氧处理浓度、时间、稻谷量均对稻谷中AFTB1降解率有显著影响。优化工艺条件为臭氧处理浓度95mL/m3,时间25min,稻谷量1000g,此时AFTB1的降解率达到82.0%。     

玉米须黄酮超声波提取工艺优化及数学模拟

采用正交试验的方法优化了玉米须黄酮的超声波提取工艺,同时对提取进行了数学模拟。试验结果表明,优化的超声波提取工艺条件为：以50 %的乙醇为提取剂,料液比（g︰ml）1︰84,提取温度75℃,超声波提取时间75 min。此条件下,玉米须黄酮提取率可达1.51 %。与加热浸提法相比,提取时间缩短了25%,提取率提高了约20 %。超声波提取的数学模拟值与试验结果基本吻合。     

Single Machine Earliness/Tarliness Model Based on Simulated Annealing Alagorithm

To counter the uncertainty of the processing time in the practical production process, this paper builds a single machine earliness/tarliness with fuzzy processing time. Optimum processing time is obtained and the minimum target function is got on the basis of taking penalty coefficients of the task, set-up time and value acquisition in the range of fuzzy processing time into consideration. The optimum processing sequence of the task is set by adopting the technique of simulated annealing and in the end in illustration of it a simulation case is put forward.     

不同送风方式下樱桃压差预冷的数值模拟

预冷时间对樱桃的贮藏期有着重要的影响,故合适的压差预冷方式成为预冷的研究重点。本文建立了水平送风与垂直送风的樱桃压差预冷数学模型,分析了两种不同送风方式下不同风速下包装箱内部的压力损失、预冷时间、均匀程度的变化情况。模拟结果表明:樱桃的预冷时间随送风速度的增加而减小,压力损失随风速的增加而增大,两者与送风速度的拟合关系均为幂函数;同时樱桃的不均匀度也受送风速度的影响,两者呈正相关;在送风速度6～16 m/s范围内的垂直送风的不均匀度仅为水平送风的75%左右。综合预冷时间、压力损失和均匀程度可以得到水平送风与垂直送风的最佳送风风速分别为9.3 m/s与12.7 m/s,压力损失分别为94.8 Pa与87.9 Pa,预冷时间分别为48.10 min与45.89 min,不均匀度分别为0.412与0.330。即垂直送风的预冷方式在樱桃压差预冷方面有一定的优势。     

微波预处理制备黑蒜工艺优化及品质比较

以独蒜为原料,研究微波预处理优化黑蒜加工工艺和对黑蒜品质的影响。以微波预处理功率、微波预处理时间以及黑蒜制备处理时间为因素,采用正交试验进行工艺优化,并分析黑蒜的品质。结果表明,微波预处理黑蒜优化的工艺条件为:投放6个大蒜,微波处理功率490 W,微波处理时间12 s,黑蒜制备时间10 d时(其中前120 h温度为80℃,后期温度为70℃),相对湿度60%~80%之间,制备的黑蒜中总酚含量为(7.71±0.06) mg/g。在该条件下制备的黑蒜与不经微波预处理的黑蒜相比,总酚、还原糖及总酸含量有极显著提高,蒜氨酸变化不显著,感官评分较高。因此,微波可以用于黑蒜制备的预处理。     

微波辅助萃取甘草酸的技术优化

以提取植物有效成分为目的,探讨了从甘草中提取甘草酸的最佳工艺。以甘草为原料,用乙醇作萃取剂,在微波作用下提取甘草酸,采用正交实验进行优化,用紫外—可见分光光度法分析检测甘草酸的含量。由正交实验得出微波提取甘草酸的最佳工艺为:辐照时间120s,微波功率450W,料液比1∶15,甘草酸提取率可达9.03%。与传统工艺相比,具有省时、省能源等特点。     

Analysis on the optimum dynamic quality of wireless mesh network

In order to procure the optimum quality of control for full-controlled wireless mesh network, the primary influencing factor network time delay is analyzed. In order to get the optimum quality of control,the minimum network time delay should be acquired,and the algorithm of branch and bound is given to solve this problem. According to the numerical simulation, the quality of control for the whole network system with decreasing the delay time can be optimized by adjusting the number of nodes, the average transmission hop counts, and the probability of successful channel access and transmission for random nodes.     

Analysis on Simulation Meteorological Data Under Climate Change

Climate has a determining influence on building energy consumption. Since 1980s, the global climate has appeared excessive warming, which inevitably causes the change of building energy consumption. The climatic simulation was used to forecast meteorological data from 2021 to 2050 for five cities in China. The five cities represent five different climate types in China. According to the Analysis of Energy Efficient Meteorological Year (AEEMY), model of meteorological data for building energy simulation based on TMY2 was presented. At the same time, meteorological data for DOES was also made from 1971 to 2000. A high residential building was respectively simulated in five cities under two kinds of meteorological data by using DOE2 software. The model of simulation was proved by the simulation result.     

Effect on the performance of piston cam enginewith the parameters of valve mechanism

In order to investigate the effect on the performance of piston cam engine by the valve parameters, the instantaneous state analysis method is used to model the thermal process in cylinder and that is analyzed through computer simulation. The researching results indicate that the aperture of the air hole have little effect on performance of the piston cam engine when it is greater than a certain value; economy can be increased by decreasing intake angle on the premise of power need; power can be increased by decreasing the pressure of cylinder to back pressure at time of piston begin to get back; the forehead intake angle and compress angle for optimum power and economy can be get by comparing to different simulation results.     

大豆分离蛋白包埋肉桂精油微胶囊及精油的化学成分

以大豆分离蛋白为壁材,利用喷雾干燥法制备肉桂精油微胶囊,探讨固形物含量、芯壁比、均质时间、进风温度、进料速度、出风温度对微胶囊化效果的影响,确定最佳工艺条件为均质时间300 s,芯壁比2∶3,固形物含量8 g/100 mL,肉桂精油最佳微胶囊化的最佳喷雾干燥条件为进风温度195℃,出风口温度95℃,进料速度60 mL/min,肉桂精油的包埋率为93.36%。     

牛蒡、大豆、大蒜提取物提取工艺的优化

为了优化植物提取物的提取工艺,采用水浸提的方法研究了牛蒡、大豆、大蒜提取物的提取工艺。选取固液比、提取温度、提取时间等3项考察因素,采用正交实验对提取条件进行优化。实验结果表明：影响提取率的主因素综合来说是提取温度。其中,对于牛蒡来说,最优的提取工艺为：固液比1：20（重量比）,提取温度70℃,提取1小时。对于大豆来说,最优的提取工艺为：固液比1：10（重量比）,提取温度70℃,提取1.5小时。对于大蒜来说,最优的提取工艺为：固液比1：20（重量比）,提取温度90℃,提取2小时.     

面包冷却工艺的影响因素

为了研究面包冷却工艺的影响因素,采用单因素试验研究空气温度、相对湿度和风速对面包冷却时间的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法中心组合设计,建立数学模型,分析模型的有效性,并利用模型求取最佳条件。结果表明,面包冷却的最适条件：空气温度20℃、空气相对湿度70%、风速3.8 m/s,在此条件下,冷却时间为35.8 min。试验数据与模型拟合度较高。     

干装苹果罐头加工现状及问题分析

从原料处理、原料选择、护色及抽空、杀菌等方面综述了干装苹果罐头的加工现状及存在的问题,并通过比较分析,提出了相应的建议。同时,明确了秦冠苹果加工干装苹果罐头的操作规程。     

薏米蛋白提取及其SDS-PAGE电泳分析

为了提高薏米蛋白的提取得率,确定提取pH、料液比、提取温度、提取时间对蛋白提取率的影响,进一步得到薏米蛋白SDS-PAGE电泳图谱。采用碱法提取薏米蛋白,通过响应面回归分析,得到碱法提取薏米蛋白的优化工艺条件并且进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析薏米蛋白电泳图谱。结果表明,碱法提取薏米蛋白的优化工艺条件为料液比为1:11.8,提取时间4.93 h,提取温度为35℃,提取pH 10.47。在最优条件下,薏米蛋白提取率达到43.94%。薏米蛋白SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析,薏米蛋白电泳图谱共分离出2条蛋白亚基条带,较大薏米蛋白亚基分子量143 kD,较小薏米蛋白亚基分子量为85 kD。通过响应面碱法提取薏米蛋白,提取率明显提高,采用SDS-PAGE法对薏米蛋白进行分析,为构建薏米蛋白质指纹图谱提供理论依据。     

微波辅助提取毛泡桐叶中熊果酸的工艺研究

为提取毛泡桐叶中熊果酸,以熊果酸的得率为指标,研究微波辅助提取毛泡桐叶中熊果酸的工艺。通过单因素试验和正交试验分析提取功率、提取时间、乙醇浓度和料液比等对熊果酸提取率的影响。结果表明：适宜的提取条件为：微波功率350 W,提取时间7 min,乙醇浓度85%,液固比1:18(g:mL),此最佳条件下的熊果酸的得率0.748%。微波法时间短、提取效率高,是一种快速、高效的提取熊果酸的方法。     

工夫红茶发酵适度检测方法的研究

为借助现代科学仪器分析手段,用科学计量上的品质指标来控制工夫红茶品质的形成,依据形成工夫红茶优良品质的生化变化原理,在工夫红茶发酵过程中用分光光度计在460 nm处定时检测工夫红茶发酵叶茶汤汤色（茶黄素水溶液主色）的变化,依据其变化来确定红茶发酵适度的时间。研究结果表明,通过与现行的凭感官对发酵叶看叶相、嗅香气等来确定红茶发酵适度的方法相比,本方法实现了以检测发酵叶中与红茶品质成高度正相关的茶黄素含量多少来确定发酵适度的时间,所以该方法比人用感官判定更科学、更准确,产品品质更有保证。用分光光度计定时检测工夫红茶发酵叶茶汤汤色的变化来确定红茶发酵适度,可以解决长期以来依靠人感官判断存在的局限性与模糊性,从而达到稳定、提高产品品质的目的。