不同季节和种鸡日龄对种蛋孵化率的影响

夏季和冬季出雏的二批罗曼种鸡饲养和孵化测定结果表明，不同季节对种蛋的受精率和孵化率有一定的影响，而不同的种鸡日龄对种蛋的受精率和孵化率也有较大的影响，季节和种鸡日龄的双重影响对受精率和孵化率的影响更明显。     

种蛋蛋重对受精率、孵化率的影响

种蛋蛋重对受精率、孵化率的影响马扶春（泰安市肉鸡良种场２７１０００影响种蛋受精率、孵化率的因素很多，如种鸡的营养、管理、日龄，种蛋的贮存条件、时间长短及孵化条件等，甚至蛋重的大小对受精率、孵化率也有一定的影响。为了研究种蛋蛋重对受精率、孵化率的影响，...     

种鸡日龄对种蛋孵化成绩的影响

种鸡日龄对种蛋孵化成绩的影响林均德林金（辽宁熊岳农业高等专科学校）由于种鸡的日龄不同，各器官系统生长发育和生理功能状态有所不同，对种蛋的受精率和出雏率等方面均有一定的影响，为了研究种鸡的不同日龄对所产种蛋的受精率和出雏率的影响，以提高种鸡种蛋的利用价...     

温岭草鸡种蛋受精率和孵化率与不同月份之间的关系

温岭草鸡生产基地是浙江省首批优质高效农产品生产基地之一，是温岭市坞根乡的支柱产业，种鸡存栏１０万多羽，年孵化苗鸡６００多万羽。为了搞清不同月份对温岭草鸡种蛋受精率和孵化率的影响，以便在不同的季节采取不同的技术措施，提高种蛋的受精率和孵化率，市畜牧兽医站和温西畜牧兽医站对种蛋受精率和孵化率与不同月份之间的关系进行了长达半年的试验。试验方法和结果如下。一、试验方法１．试验种蛋产蛋高峰期所产的种蛋作为试验种蛋；种鸡采用平养，自然交配；２、３、４月份的种蛋存放时间不超过７天，５、６、７月份的种蛋存放时间…     

不同季节对海兰蛋鸡孵化性能的影响

试验以海兰蛋鸡父母代种鸡为对象,收集2011年和2012年每批种蛋的孵化数据,对两年的受精率与孵化率进行统计分析。结果表明,海兰蛋鸡种蛋受精率和孵化率受季节影响明显,其中春季孵化性能最好,冬季次之,夏季的孵化性能最差。可见,不同季节是影响海兰蛋鸡种蛋孵化性能出现季节性变化的主要原因之一。     

输精深度对种蛋受精率和孵化率影响的试验

挑选210日龄海赛克斯父母代蛋种鸡做试验用鸡,测定不同输精深度对种蛋受精率和孵化率的影响。结果表明,输精深度以1.5～2.5厘米为最佳。     

季节对罗曼蛋鸡受精率和孵化率的影响

季节对罗曼蛋鸡受精率和孵化率的影响陈伟光（上海华中曾祖代蛋鸡场２０１２０９）一般认为，影响种蛋受精率的因素有鸡的年龄、输精量、输精时间、精液质量及输精部位等，而影响孵化率的因素有营养、受精率、种蛋储存条件、蛋大小及种蛋处理方法等；但是不同季节对受精率...     

孵化管理与孵化场免疫的原则

1 孵化场管理原则1.1 孵化场生产成绩孵化场所孵的种蛋来源于不同周龄的种鸡,早至25～26周龄的开产种鸡,晚至65周龄或更大周龄的种鸡,而孵化场种蛋来源的平均种鸡周龄为40～52周龄.孵化器有两种:单阶段孵化器和多阶段孵化器.多阶段孵化器主要是为产蛋早期、中期和后期多日龄种蛋混合孵化而设计的,孵化器内部同时孵化不同日龄的胚胎.多阶段孵化器冷却方式为水冷或者气冷两种,不同的冷却方式决定了人孵蛋的落盘时间.单阶段孵化器所孵化的种蛋均为同1日龄,可以根据种鸡日龄和种蛋日龄设定特定参数.目前孵化场的平均孵化率为85％左右,受精蛋的孵化率为92％(受精蛋孵化率=孵化率÷受精率×100).计算受精蛋孵化率可以排除无法控制的受精率因素,因此它是孵化场衡量孵化效率的一个非常有效的工具.孵化场管理有几个关键点对于确保孵化率和雏鸡质量是非常重要的.这些关键点包括温度、湿度、通风、翻蛋、孵化时间、种蛋处理与储存及卫生与品质控制、孵化器的维护.     

浅析种蛋受精率与受精蛋孵化率的关系

受精蛋孵化率随着种蛋受精率的变化而变化，种蛋受精率高时，孵化率也较高，反之亦然。它们之间呈强正相关，而种蛋受精率又受种鸡年龄、健康状况，种公鸡质量、季节等因素的影响。     

AA鸡种蛋孵化性能影响因素分析

选择从种鸡CD品系15批次19200枚种蛋,研究种蛋入孵时间、饲养方式、饲养管理对种蛋受精率和受精孵化率的影响.结果表明,种蛋受精率和受精孵化率受气候条件的影响,3、4月入孵的种蛋比5、6月入孵的种蛋各项指标都高;笼养种鸡的受精率远高于平养种鸡;不同孵化器对孵化效果有影响;不同饲养员因其负责程度不同,饲养效果也有差异.因此,根据种鸡场的实际生产情况,适当提高笼养种鸡的比例,制定合理的饲养员奖励机制,提高综合饲养管理水平,将有利于提高种鸡场的生产效益.     

种公鸡精液品质营养调控的研究进展

种公鸡在种鸡生产中占有重要地位,其精液品质的好坏直接影响种鸡场的繁殖效率。几种生物活性物质对种公鸡精子质量、氧化损伤、生殖激素和相关分子网络具有调节作用。本文简述了不同生物活性物质对种公鸡繁殖性能的影响及其作用机理,为全面了解生物活性物质对种公鸡繁殖性能的调控作用及在种鸡生产中的应用提供理论参考。     

种公鸡日粮营养水平及其对繁殖性能影响的研究

用29～36周龄海赛克斯(褐色)蛋用型父母代种公鸡112只、种母鸡1024只,研究了种公鸡日粮营养水平及其对繁殖性能的影响。上述试鸡,种母鸡饲用同一蛋鸡料,种公鸡则分别给饲下列4种日粮:1.高CP(17.5％),高AA(0.86％L_(Ys),0.63％SAA),高Ca(3.7％)日粮;2.CP(12.5％),低AA(0.55％L_(YS),0.45％SAA),高Ca(3.7％)日粮; 3.低CP(12.5％), 低AA(0.55％ L_(Ys), 0.45％SAA), 低Ca(1.0％)日粮;4,同3,仅更换维生素-微量元素综合预混料。结果:1.采用低CP、低AA、高Ca或低CP、低AA、低Ca日粮时,种公鸡的精液品质、种蛋受精率、孵化率等均无异于用高CP、高AA、高Ca日粮者(P>0.05);2.采用种公鸡专用维生素-微量元素综合预流料,入孵蛋孵化率提高3.35％,日饲用低CP、低AA、低Ca日粮的种公鸡体增重(29～36周龄)大于用高CP、高AA、高Ca日粮者(P<0.05),其36周龄体重较接近于品种标准。     

河北进境种用动物衣原体血清学检测

衣原体病是一种重要的人畜共患病,给养殖业带来巨大的经济损失,同时严重威胁从业人员的身体健康。本研究对河北辖区引进的2批种鸡、2批种鸭及2批种猪进行抽样,使用间接血凝试验（IHA）检测引进种用动物的衣原体抗体。结果表明：衣原体IHA抗体阳性率为15.7%。在种鸡、种鸭和种猪中均检测到衣原体IHA抗体,阳性率分别为18.1%、4.2%和20%。这说明在引进种用动物中存在着较高的衣原体抗体阳性率,需要加强对该病的检测。     

Multilevel analysis of environmental Salmonella prevalences and management practices on 49 broiler breeder farms in four south-eastern States, USA

A two-part serial survey of 49 broiler breeder farms was conducted in four south-eastern states: Arkansas, Alabama, Georgia and North Carolina. Broiler breeder farms from three to five broiler company complexes in each state were visited on two separate occasions to document management practices and perform environmental sampling for Salmonella prevalence estimation. Salmonella was detected in 88% of the broiler breeder houses that were sampled and was identified on all 49 farms enrolled. Many management characteristics were consistent across the different states and companies. Multilevel analysis was used to evaluate management characteristics as risk factors for Salmonella prevalence and to estimate the proportion of variance residing at the different hierarchical sampling levels. Management characteristics associated with increased Salmonella prevalence included treatment of the flock for any disease, having dusty conditions in the house, having dry conditions under the slats and walking through the house more than one time per day to pick-up dead birds. After adjusting for state as a fixed effect, the percentages of variance in Salmonella prevalence occurring at the complex, farm, visit, house and individual sample levels were 5.2%, 6.8%, 11.8%, 2.8% and 73.4%, respectively. The intraclass correlations for samples collected from the same house; for samples from different houses during the same visit; for samples from different visits to the same farm; and for samples from different farms in the same complex were as follows: 0.27, 0.24, 0.12 and 0.05, respectively.     

肉种鸡养殖管理技术要点

相较于其他家禽养殖,肉种鸡养殖有着更严格的技术要求,要求养殖系统性、精细化。部分养殖户在发展肉种鸡养殖过程中不注重做好养殖管理工作,普遍存在技术空缺,很容易造成各种传染性疾病发生,影响肉种鸡正常生长,最终影响养殖户经济效益。该文在总结以往养殖经验的基础上,探讨肉种鸡饲养管理技术要点。     

Cottonseed Meal Diets Improve Body Weight Uniformity in Broiler Breeder Pullets

Due to its low nutrient density, cottonseed meal (CSM) may be a potential alternative feed ingredient for soybean meal (SBM) in broiler breeder pullet diets to improve flock BW uniformity. A major concern when utilizing CSM in poultry diets, however, is the presence of gossypol. It was determined in an initial experiment that when broiler breeder hens are fed a diet containing CSM, gossypol accumulates in the liver. When CSM is removed from the diet, however, hepatic gossypol levels dissipate within a few weeks. In a subsequent study, in order to achieve the breeder guideline ideal weight, broiler breeder pullets reared with a diet containing CSM from 2 to 18 wk of age had to be fed a larger amount than birds consuming a standard SBM diet. The CV of bird weight was significantly lower during the rearing period for birds reared with the corn and CSM diet. This difference in uniformity was maintained as the hens entered the breeding period. Egg weight, hatchability, and fertility were equivalent for hens reared with a diet containing CSM and those reared with a standard diet throughout the growing period. The results suggest that broiler breeder pullets reared on a diet containing CSM as the major protein source have improved flock BW uniformity and normal subsequent reproductive performance.     

日粮铬水平对热应激种公鸡免疫功能及蛋白质代谢的影响

选用72只35周龄罗曼褐种公鸡随机分成6组,每组12只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别在基础日粮中添加酵母铬0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 mg/kg,探讨日粮铬水平对热应激种公鸡免疫功能及蛋白质代谢的影响.结果显示:与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组热应激种公鸡血清中牛血清白蛋白抗体滴度、免疫球蛋白含量、血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量显著提高,全血T淋巴细胞转化率增强.     

三黄种鸡产蛋期的生长模型的建立与分析

为了解三黄鸡产蛋期的生长发育规律,运用Logistic、Gompertz和von Bertalanffy 3种曲线模型分别对5～16月龄的三黄鸡体重数据进行拟合和分析。结果表明:3种模型均能很好地模拟三黄鸡产蛋期的生长情况,以Logistic模型拟合效果最佳。应用3种模型对三黄鸡产蛋期进行生长曲线拟合和分析是可行的。     

益生素制剂在蛋种鸡生产中的推广应用

为推进益生素制剂在蛋种鸡生产中的广泛应用,确保京郊种禽绿色、安全、环保生产,提高种鸡场的经济效益和社会效益,开展了益生素制剂在蛋种鸡生产中示范推广应用工作。推广结果表明,在饲料中添加益生菌制剂可提高蛋种鸡的产蛋率、种蛋合格率,降低料蛋比、死淘率,改善种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率,降低种蛋母雏比,可取得一定的经济效益...     

The Impact of Yeast Culture Residue on the Suppression of Dietary Aflatoxin on the Performance of Broiler Breeder Hens

A study was conducted to examine the effect of yeast culture residue (YCR) on the suppression of aflatoxicosis in broiler breeder hens. One hundred twenty, 35-wk-old, Cobb broiler breeder hens of the same cross were fed diets supplemented with aflatoxin (AF) (0 or 3 mg/kg) and YCR (0 or 2 lb/ton) singly and combined in a 2 × 2 factorial designed experiment. The birds were randomly assigned to pens with 3 replicates of 10 females and 1 male per treatment. Eggs laid by the hens were collected daily, stored at room temperature, and incubated every 7 d for 3 wk. Response variables analyzed were mean percentage of fertility, hatchability, hen-day egg production, egg weight, chick weight at hatch, and embryonic mortality over the 3-wk treatment period. At the end of 3-wk treatment, blood was collected from the hens and analyzed for total protein, globulin, and albumin. Aflatoxin did not negatively affect fertility. However, hen-day egg production (57.6%), percentage of hatchability (67.6%), embryonic mortality (24%), serum total protein, globulin, and albumin were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by AF. Hatch of fertile eggs from the AF-fed hens was significantly lower than the control (67.6 vs. 78.5%). The inclusion of YCR in the AF-treated diet raised the level of hatchability (74.9 vs. 67.6%), egg production (65.83 vs. 57.26%), and lowered embryonic mortality (16.8 vs. 24%). Serum globulin and albumin were lowered in the AF-fed hens but was partially restored with the addition of YCR. The data demonstrated that YCR may enhance the performance of broiler breeder hens that are provided feed contaminated with AF.