调花宝对杂交水稻制种亲本抽穗开花习性的影响

1998-2000年对调花宝在杂交水稻制种上的应用进行了系统试验研究。结果表明，在不育系孕穗期或破口期，恢复系幼穗分化Ⅶ期施用调花宝，能提早抽穗，提早花时，延长不育系开颖时间，提高柱头外露率；在制种大田施用。可调节父母本花期，提高制种产量。     

为您提供杂交水稻制种用东塔牌花喜乐——花喜乐[中华人民共和国肥料登记证农肥准字386号]

邵阳市江北柑桔技术研究所研制、试验、示范、推广微量元素叶面肥——东塔牌花喜乐（原名调花宝，农业部肥料登记评审委员会通知选定现名），已在湘、川、鄂、桂、赣、苏、粤、皖、黔、滇、陕、闽、浙、渝等省（市、区）大面积使用多年，在杂交水稻制种中能有效促进父、母本生长发育、调节花期、提早开花时间、提高结实率、增加千粒重、减少黑粉病粒，每公顷能增产种子525-825kg。用户普遍反映花喜乐由于在调节花期、提早花时上有独特作用，真正能使您丰产增收。     

调花宝在杂交水稻制种上提早抽穗期和开花时间的研究

调花宝在杂交水稻制种上提早抽穗期和开花时间的研究ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＴｉａｏｈｕａｂａｏｏｎｓｈｏｒｔｅｎｉｎｇｈｅａｄｉｎｇａｎｄａｄｖａｎｃｉｎｇａｎｔｈｅｓｉｓｔｉｍｅｉｎｈｙｂｒｉｄｒｉｃｅｓｅｅｄｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ文英（湖南省土壤肥料研究所...     

花信灵及增效调花宝对提高父本花期的作用

对恢复系C10采用花信灵、增效调花宝及花信灵和增效调花宝共同使用3种处理。结果表明：花信灵和增效调花宝单独使用均能使C10提早3d抽穗，2种调节剂连续使用能使C10提早4d抽穗。3种处理都使恢复系C10的花期比对照更集中。     

茉莉增花剂对茉莉生长的影响

荣莉花是花茶的主要原料之一，全国茉莉花栽培面积相当大，尤以福建和广西栽培面积最大。长期以来，茉莉花产量较低，营养生长过旺，在生产中常采取疏叶打项的措／施来提高花的产量，从而增加了劳动强度和生产成本。如何抑制茉莉过旺的营养生长、提早现蕾、提高花产量是茶叶科技界面临的课题。为此，我们通过不断摸索，筛选出若干种植物生长调节剂研制成茉莉增花剂，可以协调茉莉营养生长与开花的关系，促进花蕾提早萌发，增加花数花重，提高产量，并且可以代替过去茉莉花生产中的疏叶打项的农事操作，减少了劳动力与劳动强度，降低了成本提…     

花信灵及增效调花宝对提早父本花期的作用

对恢复系C10采用花信灵、增效调花宝及花信灵和增效调花宝共同使用3种处理,结果表明:花信灵和增效调花宝单独使用均能使C10提早3 d抽穗,2种调节剂连续使用能使C10提早4 d抽穗.3种处理都使恢复系C10的花期比对照更集中.     

增效调花宝在杂交水稻不育系繁殖上的应用

对增效调花宝在杂交稻不育系繁殖中的应用效果进行了试验，结果表明，喷施增效调花宝能显著提高繁殖产量，尤以喷施120g/hm2的处理效果最为明显，主要表现在每穗实粒数，结实率，千粒重均有所提高，且能提早花期和花时，，抑制稻粒黑粉病的发生。     

爱多收在杂交水稻制种上的应用效果

爱多收是一种新型植物调节剂，在杂交水稻制种上应用能明显提高种子发芽率，提早母本花时，增加穗粒数，提高异交结实率，改善谷粒颜色，大面积应用增产效果显著。     

花信灵在杂交稻制种上的应用效果研究

在杂交稻制种的母本抽穗 ４０％与 ８０％时期，分别喷施“花信灵”３０ ｇ，使始花时提早的 １小时，父母本花时相遇率提高８．５％～１５．１％，柱头外露率平均提高６．５９％，花期缩短１～２天，异文结实率平均提高８．２１％。     

冬暖年份克服芒果“冲梢”夺丰收的关键技术总结报告

本文总结了海南万昌二乡园公司芒果场，冬暖年份克服芒果“冲梢”夺年收的关键技术。文中介绍了冬暖条件下，控梢促花，保花保果的主要技术措施；合理修剪整形，培育高产树冠；科学追施养枝肥，促进树体迅速复壮，施用催花剂，促进芒果提早开花结果；根据天然变化，采取相应保花保果措施。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。     

Size and frequency of occurrence of pre-roost gatherings of starlings

One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。     

农杆菌注射法瞬时转化荔枝果实组织的研究

为了寻找一种高效的荔枝果实瞬时基因表达方法,本研究以荔枝品种‘新球蜜荔’（Litchi chinensis Sonn. var. ‘Xinqiumili’）为试材,利用农杆菌注射法对荔枝果实组织进行转化,研究了果实发育时期、菌株种类、注射部位、取样时间、菌液浓度等对转化效率的影响。结果表明：选择果肉已完全包裹种子的Ⅱb期果实进行连体注射,在果柄、果皮、种子、果肉分别注入OD₆₀₀值为2.4的农杆菌菌株GV3101,4 d后取样进行检测,4个组织的GUS染色率较高。本研究成功建立了适用于荔枝果实的基因瞬时表达系统,为今后快速鉴定荔枝果实相关基因功能提供了基础。     

《生物安全法》实施背景下基因编辑技术的安全评价与监管

2020年10月17日,《中华人民共和国生物安全法》(以下简称《生物安全法》)通过全国人大常委会的审议,自2021年4月15日起施行.生物技术的研究与应用安全是《生物安全法》涉及的主要内容之一,基因编辑作为近几年生物技术领域的研究热点,其安全性评价和监管备受关注.本文概述了基因编辑技术的应用现状,比较了不同国家对基因编...     

蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因表达模式分析及敲除载体构建

为深入研究昆虫病原真菌蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的功能,根据蝉拟青霉基因组信息克隆疏水蛋白PChyd基因,对该基因序列进行生物信息学分析,使用qRT-PCR技术对其在不同培养条件或阶段下的表达模式进行分析,并通过酶切酶连的方法构建了该基因的敲除载体。结果表明：PChyd基因的开放阅读框序列全长303 bp,编码100 aa,包含22 aa的信号肽序列和70 aa疏水蛋白功能区域。系统发育分析显示该基因与粗糙虫草菌亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR结果显示PChyd基因在PDA培养的菌丝体、诱导的附着胞、诱导的芽生孢子中表达量显著高于另外2个样品,其中芽生孢子表达量最高,暗示该基因在蝉拟青霉侵染初期和在昆虫血腔中定殖阶段可能具有重要作用。凝胶电泳结果表明,成功构建了该基因的敲除载体,扩增出含有上臂、HPH、下臂的3356 bp左右的片段。本研究为进一步探究蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的致病机理、生防工程菌的改造奠定了基础。     

波罗蜜叶片突变体叶绿素含量测定和超微结构观察

波罗蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）是一种热带果树,至今对其突变体的研究少有报道。本研究以波罗蜜叶片为试验材料,探究其叶片出现白化和返绿现象的可能原因。（1）用分光光度计法、比色法测定波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素及叶绿素前体物质含量;（2）用叶绿素酶Elisa试剂盒测定叶绿素酶活性;（3）用透射电子显微镜对叶绿体的超微形态结构进行观察。研究结果表明：（1）不同叶色所产生的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量、类胡萝卜素含量均存在显著差异;（2）波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素合成前体物质含量之间并没有出现显著性差异;（3）对波罗蜜叶片的叶绿素酶活性进行测定时,发现其活性出现显著差异,但对其叶绿素含量的差异性并没有产生较大影响;（4）观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体超微形态结构时,发现正常绿叶的叶绿体形态完好且数量较多,白化叶和返绿叶的叶绿体内部结构存在缺陷,其原因是叶绿体基粒构建阶段受阻;基于测定波罗蜜叶片中的叶绿素、叶绿素前体物质含量和叶绿素酶活性,并观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体的超微形态结构,对得到的数据结果进行比较分析。本研究推测是在叶绿素合成阶段,原脱植基叶绿素合成叶绿素时受阻及叶绿体发不良导致波罗蜜出现白化和返绿现象,为今后进一步综合研究波罗蜜突变体提供理论依据。     

Mechanism of action of insecticidal secondary metabolites of plant origin

Insect pest management is facing the economic and ecological challenge worldwide due to the human and environmental hazards caused by majority of the synthetic pesticide chemicals. Identification of novel effective insecticidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates. Botanicals containing active insecticidal phytochemicals appear to be promising to address some of these problems. Therefore, there is a continuous need to explore new active molecules with different mechanisms of action. Secondary metabolites present in plants apparently function as defense (toxic), which inhibits reproduction and other processes. The phytochemical biomolecules could be used for maximizing the effectiveness and specificity in future insecticide design with specific or multiple target sites, while ensuring the economic and ecological sustainability. In this article, the current state of knowledge on phytochemical sources and insecticidal activity, their mechanism of action in insects, resistance, and promising advances made in phytochemical research are reviewed.