湖泊网围养殖大规格商品蟹试验

利用浅水草型湖泊网围养殖商品蟹,甲匡投放长江水质系隔年蟹种,乙匡投放当年５期幼稚蟹,丙匡投放辽河水系隔年蟹种,进行对比试验,甲匡成蟹平均上市规格１４２ｇ／只,净增重７．０倍,投入产出比１：１．７０,乙匡成蟹平均规格１００ｇ／只,净增重６４倍,投入产出比１：１．０９,丙匡成蟹平均规格１０５ｇ／只,净增重３．１倍,投入产出比１：１．０８。     

湖泊网围养蟹技术

湖泊网围养蟹技术是一项新的养殖工艺。江苏省于1989年试点取得成功,1990年在全省推广,网围养蟹面积进到5800亩,比1989年扩大5.8倍,养殖产量35578.5公斤,比1989年增长8.8倍。1991年全省网围养蟹面积已扩展到17000亩,遍及全省主要湖区,已投放幼蟹68500多公斤。网围养蟹的形式     

大规格商品蟹网围生态养殖技术

苏州市相城区是著名的阳澄湖大闸蟹的重要产地,为了进一步提高阳澄湖大闸蟹的个体规格, 全面改善阳澄湖大闸蟹的品质。2001年以来在阳澄湖进行了网围生态养殖大规格河蟹试验,取得了较好的成果,现将其养殖技术介绍如下。     

湖泊无公害河蟹网围养殖技术

湖泊无公害网围养殖河蟹,一方面可充分利用湖泊自然的生态环境,保持河蟹赖以生存的良好水域,另一方面又能充分发挥池塘养蟹高产的优点,促进河蟹健康快速生长,这是湖泊发展河蟹无公害养殖最为重要的生产方式。笔者通过近几年从事的湖泊网围养殖实践,总结出湖泊无公害河蟹养殖技术,供同行参考。     

湖泊网围养殖中华鳖技术试验

1990年代以来，湖泊网围养殖迅速发展，养殖面积不断扩大，但在养殖模式上仅局限于单一的河蟹养殖，加之目前湖泊富营养化日趋严重、蟹的种质退化，生产出的蟹难以适应市场优质化的需求，严重制约了湖泊网围养殖业的健康发展。2002年，通过对湖区自然生长的水产品资源调查     

沂蒙湖网围养殖青虾试验

沂蒙湖蓄水面积７００多公顷，平均水深１．６米，最大水深５．２米，常年水位稳定，有微流水，水质良好，水中溶氧充沛，无污染，天然饵料丰富。为了发展湖区经济，开发利用湖水水面，增加经济效益，２０００年我们承担了临沂市科委下达的网围养殖青虾项目，经过１年的实施，取得了显著的经济效益。１围拦和放养方法１．１网围设置方法网围设在沂蒙湖湖心岛东部，该水域环境安静、无污染，水位１～１．５米，有微流水，底部较为平坦且具有一定淤泥，适合养殖青虾。网围由聚乙烯材料制成，网目（２a）１厘米，网高２米，网围面积５０００米…     

网围养蟹高产高效技术试验

１９９８年我站承担了县科技局下达的“网围养蟹高产高效技术试验”项目。我们利用浅水草型湖泊—大纵湖进行了利用不同规格、来源的蟹种养殖大规格商品蟹对比试验,获得了成功,现将试验情况总结如下：１材料与方法１１试验条件。试验在江苏省盐都县境内的大纵湖进行。...     

水库网围生态养殖河蟹试验

为促进河蟹养殖的可持续发展，2001～2002年我们承担了河南省科委“水库网围生态养殖无公害河蟹技术研究”试验项目，取得了显著的经济、生态和社会效益。现将主要技术方法介绍如下：     

网围蟹种培育试验

采用网箱与网围相结合方法培育蟹种获得成功,培育而成的蟹种性成熟比较低,规格大,质量高。     

河蟹网围生态养殖技术

按网围生态养蟹技术规范的要求，从蟹种选定、水域条件、饲养管理、网围设置、病害防治、捕捞收获等几个技术层面，提出了网围养蟹应实行的技术措施。     

网围生态养殖大规格河蟹(Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards)技术

为了全面提高太湖大闸蟹的规格、改善太湖大闸蟹的品质，促进湖泊网围养蟹的可持续发展，我们于2003年在东太湖水域开展了网围生态养殖大规格河蟹试验，取得了平均亩产46．35kg，平均规格194．5g／只，回捕率79．3％，亩均效益3，889．27元，投入产出比为1：2.16的好收效，现将主要技术措施总结如下。     

稻田养殖大规格河蟹(Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards)技术

稻田养殖大规格河蟹是生产单位新发展的一种生态养殖模式。作者从养殖田块的选择及田间工程、清池清毒、成蟹暂养池选择和工程要求、蟹种选择和放养及养成管理等作详细概述。     

池塘青虾Macrobrachium nipponensis (de Haan)与河蟹Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards混养技术

青虾与河蟹混养技术,是我国水产界生产单位共同探讨的课题,如何提高产量?作者根据多年的实践经验,作扼要的总结,以飨读者。     

中华乌塘鳢池塘养殖试验

中华乌塘鳢[Bostrichthys sinensislacepede））隶属于虾虎鱼科塘鳢属,俗称鲟虎或涂鱼,为近海暖水性小型鱼类,多栖息于中低潮区滩涂的洞穴中,适盐范围广,亦可在河口或淡水中生存。该品种易于养殖,适应性强,抗病力强,生长速度快,经济效益高,养殖该品种具有广阔前景。近年闽东等地对中华乌塘鳢人工育苗技术和养殖技术进行研究,基本掌握技术要点,为了达到生产规模要求,进一步推广该品种的养殖,我们于2000年     

Biochemical composition of pond-reared and lake-stocked Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards) broodstock

The morphological characteristics, tissue indices, proximate and fatty acid compositions of hepatopancreas, gonad and muscle of pond‐reared (PR) and lake‐stocked (LS) Eriocheir sinensis broodstock were compared. Lake‐stocked crabs are characterized by a blue carapace, white abdomen, golden legs and yellow setae while PR crabs have a brown carapace, grey abdomen, black legs and similar yellow setae. The carapace length and width of PR crabs were significantly less than those of LS crabs of the same wet weight (WW). The results showed that the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of PR males was significantly higher, but the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly lower for PR females when compared with LS individuals of the same sex. Regardless of their origin, the muscular index (MI) of males was higher than that of females. The hepatopancreas of LS crabs had higher protein levels and lower lipid levels compared with PR crabs. The results of proximate analysis of male gonads from two different sources were similar, while the protein level in the ovary of LS females was higher than that of PR females. The tissues of males had higher water content but lower lipid and protein levels compared with females regardless of their source. The LS crabs had higher highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) levels than PR crabs in their gonad and hepatopancreas. In conclusion, our results suggest that the nutritional quality of LS crabs is better than that of PR crabs, the nutritional quality of males is poorer than that of females. The reproductive performance and larval quality of crabs from these two rearing systems should be further verified.     

Effect of dietary soybean lecithin on reproductive performance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards) Broodstock

The effect of increasing levels of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the ovarian development and reproductive performance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were investigated using four semipurified formulated diets supplemented with 0%, 1.2%, 2.4%, and 3.6% PL. Four groups of 40 females, with an average individual body weight of 95–120 g, were fed the experimental diets for a period of 7 months. Male crabs were introduced into the female rearing system in March, and mating, spawning, and egg hatching occurred in the following month. After 10 weeks of feeding, females fed the diet with 2.4% PL had a significantly higher gonadosomatic index (GSI) than females fed the diet with 0% PL, whereas females fed the diet with 1.2% PL had a significantly higher hepatic moisture content and lower hepatic lipid content than the other groups (P < 0.05). After mating, the spawning rate was higher among females fed diets with 3.6% and 2.4% PL (95% and 92%, respectively) compared with females fed diets with 0% and 1.2% PL (both 81%). The results showed that egg production (total number of eggs/female) and fecundity increased with increasing dietary PL level, with females fed diets with 0% and 1.2% PL supplementation having significantly lower values than females fed the diet with 3.6% PL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary PL supplementation has a positive effect on ovarian development and reproductive performance of E. sinensis broodstock. Further study should aim to investigate the optimal PL level in the broodstock diet of E. sinensis in respect to offspring quality.     

利用生物活饵料对中华绒螯蟹(Eirocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards)大棚育苗的研究

在全埋式无地沟无法吸污的育苗条件下,利用鲜活生物活饵料进行中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheur Sinensis)俗称河蟹的大棚育苗,配套生物饵料培养池50,000m2, 育苗水体1,680m3,平均每m3育苗水体培育出河蟹大眼幼体0.289kg。共育河蟹大眼幼体486kg,其中试验池为1,520m3水体;单位水体出苗量为0.314kg,对照池为160m3水体;单位水体出苗量为0.190kg。试验池比对照池每m3水体出苗量增产39.5%。     

主养河蟹池塘套混养名优品种技术试验报告

近年来，河蟹池塘养殖已积累了一些成熟的经验，但从目前河蟹池塘养殖技术水平来看，还存在一些问题。譬如，河蟹商品规格偏小；池塘的空间、水体及饵料资源未充分利用；病虫害防治方法不当；成活率不高等等。因此，需要我们水产工作者进一步去研究、探索。为使主养河蟹池塘获得优质高产高效，并促进池塘河蟹养殖业的可持续发展，我们于１９９９～２０００年进行了《主养河蟹池塘套混养名优品种技术试验》，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。现将２０００年的试验情况报告如下： 一、试验条件 １．试验地点位于上虞市９６丘围涂地区，１９９…     

贝类养殖技术之一青蛤池塘养殖技术

青蛤为我国南北沿海常见种类,在江苏南部沿海的产量近次于文蛤和四角蛤,是颇具发展前途的养殖贝类。近年来,为提高海水池塘养殖的经济效益,开展养埴新模式的探索,我们利用500亩海水池塘进行以青蛤为主的虾、蟹、贝等混养生产试验,获得成功。现将主要养殖技术要点介绍如下:一、池塘条件养殖池塘为沿海地区传统的对虾养殖池,面积20亩~50亩不等,设中央沟,有相对独立的进、排水系统,以泥底或泥沙混合的底质为主,适合青蛤、缢蛏等贝类埋栖穴居。二、放养前的准备工作1.底质处理池底经过1个冬季的干露、曝晒,土质干硬,早春季节利用推土机铲除表层…     

长荡湖网围轮牧式养蟹(Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne Edwards)技术报告

长荡湖是太湖流域的一个浅水草型湖泊。网围轮牧式养殖技术已成为保护湖泊生态平衡,提高养殖质量,增加经济效益的一项新的实用技术。本文作者阐述长荡湖网围轮牧式养蟹技术,作扼要的探讨。