鸡肝脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因启动子活性分析

PCR扩增鸡L-FABP基因5′侧翼区约2kb的DNA片段,进行克隆并测序,构建了鸡L-FABP基因报告基因系列缺失载体,瞬时转染进入人肝癌细胞系,利用双荧光素酶报告基因系统测定了荧光素酶活性。在线分析软件发现鸡L-FABP基因启动子区存在HNF-1、SREBP-1、AP-1、C/EBP、Oct-1、TATA、CCAAT、GATA-1等调控元件,没有发现CpG岛。报告基因结果表明鸡L-FABP基因启动子-2 076bp/-20bp区域具有最强的启动子活性,-522bp/-20bp区域启动子活性最弱;C/EBPα可以显著的抑制鸡L-FABP基因的表达,这些结果为深入研究鸡L-FABP的表达调控机制奠定了基础。     

苦豆子赖氨酸脱羧酶基因启动子在拟南芥中的表达分析

赖氨酸脱羧酶(LDC)基因是苦豆子中氧化苦参碱(OMA)生物合成的第一个关键酶基因。在已有苦豆子赖氨酸脱羧酶基因(SaLDC)基础上克隆得到该基因上游1260 bp的启动子序列,GenBank登录号为KY038928,前期在苦豆子愈伤组织中的瞬时表达研究显示该启动子具有启动活性。生物信息学分析发现该启动子区域除了拥有启动子区的基本顺式作用元件TATA-box和CAAT-box外,还具有多个与光信号、逆境应答等相关的顺式作用元件。为进一步研究SaLDC启动子的功能,构建了该启动子与β-葡萄糖苷酸酶(GUS)报告基因融合的植物表达载体并通过农杆菌介导遗传转化拟南芥,同时对光诱导和聚乙二醇(PEG)胁迫的转基因拟南芥进行GUS活性染色和定量分析。结果显示,在T₂代转基因拟南芥幼苗的不同生长阶段和成株的各组织器官中均可检测到GUS酶活性,且随幼苗生长时间的延长,叶片中的表达活性下降;在成株叶片和花萼中的表达活性强于根、茎、花瓣和角果。光和PEG胁迫均能诱导转基因拟南芥中GUS的表达;GUS酶活性定量测定显示,短时间的PEG胁迫(1~2 h)GUS酶活性显著上调(P<0.05),而连续胁迫8 h时GUS酶活性下调至最低(P<0.01),比胁迫前下降了28.2%。以上结果表明SaLDC启动子既有时空表达特异性又有组织表达特异性,光诱导和干旱胁迫对结构基因的表达有重要的调控作用。     

ZB transposon and chicken vasa homologue (Cvh) promoter interact to increase transfection efficiency of primordial germ cells in vivo

ABSTRACT

1. In order to increase the efficiency of generating transgenic chicken, this trial focused on two points: primordial germ cells (PGCs）transfection in vivo and a germline-specific promoter.

2. In order to transfect PGCs in vivo, two plasmids (pZB-CAG-GFP, pCMV-ZB）were co-injected into chicken embryos via the subgerminal cavity at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 2–3 or via blood vessel at HH stage 13–14. Results showed that the percentage of GFP+ embryos, viability and hatching rate of embryos injected at HH stage 13–14 were significantly higher than that at HH stage 2–3.

3. Two plasmid transposon systems were used for chicken embryo micro-injections. The donor plasmid, with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, was mediated by the ZB transposon. The helper plasmid was a transposase expression vector driven by the promoter of the chicken vasa homologue (Cvh) gene or Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Results showed that 60.98% of gonads in Cvh group expressed GFP, which was 52.50% higher than seen in the CMV group. Only gonad tissue from the Cvh group showed any GFP signal, whereas both gonads and other tissues in the CMV group showed green fluorescence.

4. The data suggested that ZB transposon-mediated gene transfer was efficient for transfecting PGCs in vivo; the Cvh promoter drove the transposase gene specifically in the germline and increased the efficiency of germline transmission. Blood vessels injection at HH stage 13–14 may be a more efficient route for PGCs transfection in vivo.     

Sequence of the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) growth hormone-encoding gene and genetic variation in the promoter region

The duck growth hormone encoding gene and its promoter region were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 5.25 kb were cloned and sequenced. Duck growth hormone (GH) consists of five exons and four introns and is structurally similar to mammalian and chicken GH gene. Although the distal region of duck GH promoter showed no similarity to chicken and turkey promoters, the proximal region of the promoter contained two putative Pit‐1 binding sequences, and showed similarity to chicken and turkey GH promoters. Genetic variation was detected at five positions of the promoter region. The results of this study indicate that the expression of duck GH is likely regulated in a similar manner to that of chicken GH via enhancer‐type cis‐acting elements and the presence of genetic variation in the duck GH gene may be applicable to marker‐assisted selection.     

猪肌肉生长抑制素基因启动子的克隆与鉴定

利用PCR方法从猪基因组DNA中扩增了1.2 kb的肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin)基因启动子序列。并进一步以绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)为报告基因,构建了真核表达载体MSTNPro-EGFP;通过转染C2C12小鼠骨骼肌成肌细胞和猪成纤维细胞,对猪myostatin基因启动子的转录调控活性进行鉴定。结果表明:猪myostatin基因启动子可以启动GFP在C2C12细胞中的转录和表达,而将猪MSTNPro-EGFP载体转染猪胎儿成纤维细胞后并未观察到GFP的表达,说明myostatin基因表达的肌肉特异性源于启动子的转录特异性。     

Sequence and structural analysis of the presumed downstream promoter of the canine mdr1 gene

The product of the canine mdr1 gene, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), plays an important role in chemotherapeutic drug resistance of several canine tumours. Increased expression of P‐gp by tumour cells is associated with the multidrug‐resistant phenotype. Because of its importance in cancer chemotherapy, a great deal is known about the regulation of mdr1 gene expression in human cancer patients and rodent cancer models. In contrast, there is no information regarding the regulation of P‐gp expression in dogs. Initial information regarding the regulation of mdr1 gene expression can be gained by evaluating the mdr1 promoter. The downstream promoter of the canine mdr1 gene was sequenced. Several regulatory elements were identified, including an AP‐1 site, AP‐2 site and SP‐1 site. The presumed canine mdr1 promoter was similar to that of other species; however, low overall sequence homology may suggest that aspects of P‐gp regulation are distinctive in dogs.     

Association of polymorphism in the prolactin promoter and egg quality traits in laying hens

1. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing was performed in White Leghorn hens to explore the polymorphisms present in the promoter of the prolactin gene. The effects of different genotypes on egg production and quality traits were determined, and expression of the prolactin gene in different genotypes was quantified by real time-PCR.

2. Five genotypes and four alleles at each of two Fragments of the promoter were found, of which the FG genotype in Fragment 1 and the PQ genotype in Fragment 2 were the most predominant genotypes.

3. The genotypes of Fragment 1 had significant effects (P?

4. Prolactin expression in the genotypes of Fragment 1 differed significantly and GH genotyped birds had the highest level of expression. The genotypes of Fragment 2 did not show any significant differences of expression.

5. It was concluded that the prolactin gene promoter was highly polymorphic, and had significant effects on egg quality traits in White Leghorn hens.     

Cloning of pig parotid secretory protein gene upstream promoter and the establishment of a transgenic mouse model expressing bacterial phytase for agricultural phosphorus pollution control

This study examined the feasibility of using the promoter of the pig parotid secretory protein (PSP) gene for expression of the phytase transgene in mouse models. The pig parotid secretory protein gene is specifically expressed at high levels in the salivary glands. The 10-kb upstream promoter region of the gene necessary for tissue-specific expression has been identified. We have constructed phytase transgenes composed of the appA phytase gene from Escherichia coli driven by the upstream promoter region of the pig PSP gene with a 3' tail of either bovine growth hormone or the pig PSP gene polyadenylation signal. Transgenic mouse models with the construct showed that the upstream region of the pig PSP gene is sufficient for directing the expression of phytase transgenes in the saliva. Expression of salivary phytase reduced fecal phytate by 8.5 and 12.5% in 2 transgenic mouse lines, respectively. These results suggest that the expression of phytase in salivary glands of monogastric animals offers a promising biological approach to relieve the requirement for dietary phosphate supplements and to reduce phosphorus pollution from animal agriculture.     

猪SEPW1基因的转录调控分析

本研究旨在对猪SEPW1基因的潜在启动子区进行克隆及转录活性分析，获得其核心启动子区域，并进一步分析转录因子SP1对SEPW1基因转录活性的影响，为探索SEPW1基因在猪肉质性状方面的功能奠定基础。利用实时荧光定量PCR检测SEPW1基因在大白猪各组织中的表达量，构建空间表达谱；通过PCR技术克隆得到6个逐级缺失的SEPW1基因启动子片段，构建6个双荧光素酶报告载体，通过检测各载体的双荧光素酶活性获得SEPW1基因的核心启动子区域；对核心启动子区进行生物信息学分析，发现潜在的SP1转录因子结合位点；通过过表达、抑制表达、定点突变及凝胶迁移试验（EMSA）确认SP1转录因子结合位点的存在及其对SEPW1基因转录活性的影响。结果显示，SEPW1基因在所检测的4月龄大白猪12个组织中均有表达，其中在腓肠肌及心脏中的表达量较高。双荧光素酶活性显示，猪SEPW1基因5'侧翼区-443~-231 bp为其核心启动子区，且-378~-306 bp存在1个潜在的SP1结合位点。过表达和抑制表达SP1基因结果显示，转录因子SP1能够促进SEPW1基因的转录；定点突变及EMSA试验确认，转录因子SP1可直接与SEPW1基因启动子区的SP1结合位点（-348~-339 bp）相结合。综合以上结果表明，转录因子SP1可直接靶向SEPW1基因的启动子区并促进SEPW1基因的转录。