害螨的生物测定方法

农药的毒力测定是化学防治不可缺少的基础工作之一。在杀螨剂的毒力测定和害螨抗性监测时，简单、准确的生物测定方法也是必不可少的。由于害螨体躯与个体发育过程等与昆虫存在差异，且螨体小，因此，害螨的生物测定方法和害虫的生物测定方法也有所不同。害螨的生测方法有多种，且随着杀螨剂的发展在不断的改进和提高，现就害螨的生物测定方法简介如下：     

务川县小菜蛾发生规律及防治方法

务川县位于黔北凹陷东侧,夏无酷暑,冬无严寒,气候温和,雨量充沛,雨热同季,无霜期长,属中亚热带湿润气候,该气候适合多种农作物生长.杨村位于该县城关镇,是该县无公害蔬菜生产基地,常年种植蔬菜800hm2左右,其中十字花科蔬菜常年种植面积达500 hm2,小菜蛾是该村十字花科蔬菜上的主要害虫之一.     

一种筛选稗草生防潜力菌的简易生测方法

将催芽至露白的稗草和水稻种子直接接种在于PDA培养基上培养形成的 4种稗草病原菌 (交链孢菌、弯孢菌、禾长蠕孢菌稗草专化型、尖角突脐孢菌 )菌落上 ,观察稻、稗苗感病情况 ,调查根、芽生长抑制率。结果表明 ,4种菌对稻、稗的致病性和生长抑制率与常规生测法结果基本吻合。说明在培养基中初步测定、筛选稗草生防潜力菌是可行的。该方法与常规生测法比较 ,可节省一半时间左右 ,同时可减少工作量。     

筛选水稻纹枯病农药活性试验方法的改进

水稻纹枯病 ( sheath blight on rice)是我国稻区主要病害之一 ,其致病菌为 Rhizoctoniasolani[1 ] ,在高温、高湿条件下 ,该病不易控制 ,会造成不同程度的减产 ,所以此病一直是药剂筛选的主要模式之一。多年的试验证明 :在北方冬季用常规的“植株法”对水稻纹枯病进行药剂筛选试验难度很大 ,因为植株法占用空间大 ,难以满足其发病条件 (最佳温度 2 8℃± 1℃ ,相对湿度 97%以上 [2 ] )。笔者经多年的试验 ,探索出了用水稻离体“叶片法”代替“植株法”。“叶片法”占用空间小 ,发病条件容易控制[3] 。不足之处是每年 1 1月至翌年 4月间 ,…     

莠去津分析方法的研究

本文采用气相色谱法测定莠去津的含量,以邻苯二甲酸二戊酯为内标物,采用丙酮溶解,使用HP-5,15m×0.53mm×1.5μm熔融石英毛细管柱和氢火焰检测器,对试样进行气相色谱分离和测定。实验证明,检测莠去津含量的方法,具有快速、准确等优点,且重现性、稳定性、分离效果均能满足产品的检验要求,是一种较为理想的分析方法。本方法的标准偏差为0.11,变异系数为0.11%,平均回收率为99.84%,线性相关系数为1.000 0。     

Bioassay and transcuticular movement of systemic fungicides

A sensitive bioassay method was developed using bidirectional diffusion of fungicides in agar bands instead of diffusion through 360°. This method permitted the measurement of fungicide movement through isolated cuticular disks into agar bands underneath. Oil dispersible formulations of oxycarboxin and pyracarbolid penetrated through cuticles of coffee much more efficiently than wettable powder formulations.     

农作物病虫害专业化统防统治整建制推进实践与思考

总体介绍了宣城市专业化统防统治组织发展现状,全面总结了佳乐园农业植保专业合作社好经验、好做法,分析了全市目前专业化统防统治工作发展存在的问题,并提出了今后发展思路。     

Pest Management in Traditional Tropical Agroecosystems: Lessons for Pest Prevention Research and Extension

Based on current agroecological theory and IPM practices, this review explores the role of traditional practices, involving site selection, soil management, timing of planting and harvesting, crop resistance, intercropping, weed management, harvest residue management, post-harvest management, natural enemies management, mechanical control, repellents and traps in the natural regulation of potential pests. In synthesis, the literature suggests that although pest management professionals focus their efforts on pest control, the preventative approach taken by traditional farmers is more effective. Potential constraints to the implementation of this preventive pest management approach include:(1) lack of integration of ecological theory and pest management, (2) lack of cooperation among social and biological scientists, and (3) lack of real efforts to work with farmers as equals and support mechanisms that protect their knowledge. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Transgenes for Pest and Disease Resistance

Using a leaf disc transformation procedure andAgrobacterium- mediated gene transfer, transgenic apple and strawberry plants have been produced that carry a gene encoding a cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTl). This gene is known to confer resistance to several lepidopteran and coleopteran insect pests. Scientific and regulatory aspects of this type of work are discussed.     

有害生物的定性与定量风险分析

本文从有害生物风险分析的历史及最新发展探讨了定性与定量有害生物风险分析的概念、关系及各自的优缺点，介绍了定量有害生物风险分析理论及其实施的过程、方法等，最后给出一个定量方法的实例：中国进口美国小麦的TCK风险分析。     

Pest control by predators and parasites

The feasibility of controlling the two-spotted spider mite in apple orchards by inundative releases of the phytoseiid predatorPhytoseiulus persimilis, was studied in a field trial in northern Israel. Half a million predators released per acre, maintained high populations forca 2 months until the spider mite population dropped below the economic threshold.P. persimilis demonstrated a dispersal capacity of at least 90 m from its original release site. The ability of the predator to switch to alternative prey (the European red mite) and the economic feasibility of this non-chemical approach to spider mite control, are discussed.