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1.
L. R. García-Winder S. Goñi-Cedeño P. A. Olguín-Lara G. Díaz-Salgado C. M. Arriaga-Jordán 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1615-1621
Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the use of pods from Huizache (Acacia farnesiana), common in the arid and semiarid regions of Mexico, on the perfromance and apparent digestibility in Pelibuey Mexican hair growing ewe lambs. Twenty-four Pelibuey ewe lambs were used in the animal performance experiment, with a mean live weight of 14.91 ± 1.48 kg, randomnly allocated
to three groups which received ad libitum for 77 days (11 weeks) experimental whole rations T0 with 0%, T12 with 12% or T24 with 24% inclusión of dried and ground
Huizache pods. Dry matter intakes (g/kg 0.75 daily) were 83, 95, 90 for T0, T12, and T24 respectively (P > 0.05). Mean daily live-weight gain was 90, 75, and 63 g/day
for T0, T12, and T24 (P < 0.001). Nine Pelibuey ewe lambs were used to determine apparent digestibility in vivo of the experimental diets using a 3 × 3 latin square design repeated three times. There were differences in the digestibility
of dry matter (P < 0.001), organic matter (P < 0.001), nitrogen (P < 0.031), neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.002), and acid
detergent fibre (P < 0.001) being lower in T24. Huizache pods may be an alternative feed when included up to 12% of dry matter in the diets for sheep growing moderately. 相似文献
2.
Salinas-Chavira J Castillo-Martínez O Ramirez-Bribiesca JE Mellado M 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(5):995-999
A study was conducted to estimate dry matter (DM) degradability in the rumen of lambs offered a basal soybean meal and sorghum
grain diet with three levels of white mulberry (WM) leaves (Morus alba). Diets consisted of 90% concentrate and 10% sorghum straw, which was incrementally replaced by WM leaves at 0% (control
diet, T1), 2.5% (T2), and 5% (T3) of the total ration. Crude protein (CP) in WM was 21.8% (DM basis). Diets had equal CP (14%
DM basis) and metabolizable energy (10.8 MJ/kg DM) content. Three non-castrated Pelibuey male lambs fitted with permanent
rumen cannula were utilized in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period consisted of 10 days of adaptation followed
by sampling. DM degradability was determined using the nylon bag technique. Bags contained the experimental diets offered
in each period and were incubated in rumen in pairs for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. The potential degradation was higher (P < 0.05) for T2, followed by T3 and T1. WM level did not influence the degradation rate or the effective degradation at the
three passage rates modeled. It was concluded that WM forage may have useful application in feedlot diets for growing lambs,
as this forage increases potential degradation of high-grain diets. The incorporation of WM in diets for feedlot lambs in
tropics may reduce the use of expensive conventional protein supplements. 相似文献
3.
The effects of feeding graded levels of dried moringa (Moringa stenopetala) leaf on intake, body weight gain (BWG), digestibility and nitrogen utilization were studied using male sheep (BW of 13.8 ± 0.12 kg).
Six sheep were randomly allocated to each of the four treatment diets: Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay offered ad libitum (T1), hay + 150 g moringa leaf (T2), hay + 300 g moringa leaf (T3), hay + 450 g moringa leaf (T4)
were offered daily. A 7-day digestibility trial and an 84-day growth experiments were conducted. Dry matter (DM), organic
matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) intakes increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf in the diets. Sheep fed T2, T3 and T4 diets gained (P < 0.05) 40.2, 79.1 and 110.1 g/head/day, respectively, while the control group (T1) lost weight (−13.3 g/head/day). The apparent
digestibilities of DM, OM, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The digestibility of dietary CP increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf, but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3 diets. The nitrogen
(N) intake and urinary N excretion increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf. The N retention was highest (P < 0.05) for 450 g moringa leaf supplementation. The control group was in a negative N balance. Supplementing a basal diet
of Rhodes grass hay with dried moringa leaves improved DM intake, BWG and N retention. It is concluded that M. stenopetala can serve as a protein supplement to low-quality grass during the dry season under smallholder sheep production system. 相似文献
4.
Effects of increasing amount of dietary Prosopis laevigata pods on performance,meat quality and fatty acid profile in growing lambs 下载免费PDF全文
L. O. Negrete J. M. Pinos‐Rodríguez A. Grajales‐Lagunes J. A. Morales J. C. García‐López H. A. Lee‐Rangel 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):e303-e311
A study with finishing lambs assessed the effect of dietary inclusion of Prosopis laevigata pods (PLPs) on performance, carcass characteristics, meat traits and fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat. Twenty‐one Rambouillet lambs (27.0 ± 3.0 kg BW) were assigned to one of three experimental diets with 0, 150 and 300 g PLP/kg DM. Evaluation of growth performance lasted 49 days. The experimental design was completely randomized and analysed with a mixed model. Lambs fed diets with 0, 150 and 300 g PLP had similar growth performance. Lambs fed diets with 300 g PLP/kg DM had better (p < 0.05) carcass yield and classification, less (p < 0.05) fat deposition and lower lightness (L*) value (p < 0.05) in meat than lambs fed diets with 0 and 150 g PLP/kg DM. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) decreased (p < 0.05) and unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) increased (p < 0.05) in subcutaneous fat of lambs fed diets with 150 and 300 g pods as compared with lambs not fed PLP. Prosopis laevigata pods are a safe feedstuff that can replace a third of conventional ingredients and reduce feed costs in growing lambs. Addition of PLP reduced (p < 0.05) total feed cost by 21%. 相似文献
5.
The effect of supplementation with increasing levels of dried leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on feed intake, body weight gain, and carcass yield characteristics of finisher Ross broiler chicks was studied at Haramaya
University, Ethiopia. Three hundred Ross broiler chicks aging 29 days and weighing 540 ± 5.28 g (mean ± SD) were randomly
distributed to 15 pens, each with 20 chicks, representing five treatment rations each with three replications. Dietary treatments
consisted of inclusions of dried leaves of sweet potato at levels of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg DM for treatments T1, T2,
T3, T4, and T5, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days, during which, dry matter intake (DMI), body weight gain,
and feed conversion efficiency; carcass yield characteristics; and weights and lengths of different parts of gastrointestinal
tract were measured. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using SAS (1998). Inclusion of dried leaves of sweet potato
at the level of 200 g/kg DM resulted in lower (P < 0.01) daily DMI as compared to chicks in control diet (T1). The daily body weight gain declined (P < 0.01) when the level of dried leaves of sweet potato in the diet was 150 and 200 g/kg DM. Inclusion of dried leaves of
sweet potato up to 100 g/kg DM did not affect (P > 0.05) eviscerated carcass weight, and weights of drumstick with thigh and breast meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by inclusion of dried leaves of sweet potato up to 150 g/kg DM. The results of this study revealed that inclusion
of dried leaves of sweet potato up to 100 g/kg DM in the finisher ration might be considered as the optimum level of supplementation
when chickens are sold on live weight basis, but if birds are sold on eviscerated carcass weight basis, inclusion up to 150 g/kg
DM might be economically feasible as it produced higher carcass yield components. 相似文献
6.
H. Archimède E. González‐García P. Despois T. Etienne G. Alexandre 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(1):118-128
This study aimed to evaluate the substitution of imported corn and soybean by local feed resources from tropical production settings such as entire green banana and Gliricidia sepium forage as energy and protein sources, respectively, in sheep diets. Two experiments were conducted: first, a ‘growth trial’ and second, an in vivo digestion study. In the ‘growth trial’, 40 Martinik lambs [body weight (BW): 29.4 ± 3.6 kg; 6 months old) were used and distributed into four groups of 10 lambs each according to treatment: HBGl (banana + gliricidia at low level; 1500 g/day; 119 g/kg BW0.75), HBGh (banana + gliricidia at high level; 3000 g/day; 238 g/kg BW0.75), HBS (banana + soybean cake) and Control (corn + soybean cake). In digestion trial, four Martinik rams (BW: 57.2 ± 3.45 kg) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were used; treatments (HBG, HBS and Control) were similar but adjusted to metabolic body weight (MW) and just one level of gliricidia was used. Intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed intake to gain index (F:G), apparent total and ruminal digestibilities as well as nitrogen balance, microbial efficiency and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile were monitored. Lambs fed HBGh had greater dry matter (DM) intake based on MW and ADG (173 g/day vs. 141 g/day; p < 0.001), whereas HBGl lambs showed the lowest ADG (71.5 g/day) and the worst F:G (14.4; p < 0.001). The DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre digestibilities were not influenced by treatment, whereas crude protein digestibility was higher (p = 0.024) in diets offered banana or corn + soybean cake (687 g/kg DM and 658 g/kg DM, respectively). Ruminal DM and OM digestibilities did not differ among treatments. Total or individual VFA concentrations were also not influenced by the diet. Higher (p = 0.006) ruminal fluid pH values were recorded for diets combining banana and gliricidia (6.54) or banana and soybean (6.39) until 3 h after a meal. As all animals on gliricidia‐ and banana‐supplemented diets gained weight and maintained a positive N balance, it is concluded that green banana and gliricidia forage may be a viable alternative to replace conventional energy and protein supplements in sheep diets. 相似文献
7.
Nutrient digestibility and feedlot performance of lambs fed diets varying protein and energy contents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sultan Javed I. Javaid Asif Aslam Muhammad 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(5):941-946
Thirty-six Thalli male growing lambs were used in a completely randomized design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments
to evaluate the effect of varying levels of energy and protein on nutrient intake, digestibility, weight gain, and gain to
feed ratio. Four experimental diets, i.e., low energy–low protein (LE-LP), low energy–high protein (LE-HP), high energy–low
protein (HE-LP), and high energy–high protein (HE-HP) were formulated. The low- and high-energy diets contained 2.3 and 2.7 MJ/kg
dry matter (DM) with 12% and 14% of crude protein. The lambs were fed ad libitum. Dietary energy and protein levels and their
interactions influenced the nutrient intake. Maximum dry matter intake was noted in animals fed LE-HP diet followed by LE-LP,
HE-HP, and HE-LP diets. Digestibility of DM and N increased (P < 0.01) and that of neutral detergent fiber decreased (P < 0.01) linearly with increasing levels of dietary energy and protein. Digestibility of N was only affected by protein level
and interaction between energy and protein levels. Average daily gain was higher (P < 0.01) in lambs fed HE-HP diet followed by LE-HP, LE-LP, and HE-LP diets. Dietary energy and protein levels and their interaction
had significant effect (P < 0.01) on gain to feed ratio. 相似文献
8.
Effects of feeding different levels of corn steep liquor on the performance of fattening lambs 下载免费PDF全文
A. Azizi‐Shotorkhoft A. Sharifi D. Mirmohammadi H. Baluch‐Gharaei J. Rezaei 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(1):109-117
This study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding corn steep liquor (CSL) on in vivo digestibility, ruminal pH, ammonia and hydrolytic enzyme activities, blood metabolites, feed intake (FI) and growth performance in fattening lambs. The CSL is a by‐product of wet milling process of maize starch industry. The crude protein (CP), rumen‐degradable protein (RDP), lactic acid and metabolisable energy contents of this by‐product were 420, 324, 200 g/kg dry matter (DM) and 12.6 MJ/kg DM respectively. Twenty‐seven male Moghani lambs were assigned randomly into three groups of nine lambs each in a completely randomised design. Three iso‐energetic and iso‐nitrogenous diets containing different levels (0, 50 or 100 g/kg dry matter) of CSL were offered ad libitum three times a day. Forage to concentrate ratio of the diets was 30:70. With inclusion of CSL in diet, the contents of canola meal, fish meal, wheat bran, corn grain and sugar beet pulp were decreased. The contents of DM, ash‐free neutral detergent fibre (NDFom), ether extract, starch, Ca and S were numerically lower, but soluble protein, RDP and non‐fibre carbohydrates were greater in the diets containing CSL in comparison with the control diet. The lambs fed with the diets containing CSL had lower [linear (L), p < 0.06] digestibility coefficients of DM and NDFom as compared to those fed with the diet free of CSL. Ruminal ammonia‐N concentration increased (L, p < 0.05), but pH decreased (L, p < 0.05) with raising CSL level in diet. Carboxymethyl cellulase and filter paper‐degrading activities decreased (L, p < 0.05), while proteases activity increased (L, p < 0.05) as dietary rates of CSL increased. Microcrystalline cellulase and ɑ‐amylase activities were similar among the treatments. Within blood metabolites, only urea‐N concentration increased (L, p < 0.05) in the lambs receiving CSL as compared to those fed with diet without CSL. Dietary inclusion of CSL resulted in linear decreases (L, p < 0.05) in the intakes of DM, organic matter, CP, NDFom and ash‐free acid detergent fibre, and average daily gain. However, the feed conversion ratio was similar among the experimental animals. Overall, feeding CSL up to 100 g/kg diet DM in lamb resulted in reductions of rumen fibrolytic microbial enzyme activities, in vivo digestibility, FI and growth performance, but rumen proteases activity increased. 相似文献
9.
Carine Marie-Magdeleine Léticia Liméa Tatiana Etienne Cicero H. O. Lallo Harry Archimède Gisele Alexandre 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1531-1538
A study was done to evaluate banana (Musa paradisiaca) as a forage (leaves and pseudo-stems) for feeding Ovin Martinik lambs (OMK), with the aim to test its impact on carcass quality.
Forty four intact OMK male were used after weaning with an initial mean live weight of 14.4 (± 3.3) kg, reared in individual
pens. Animals were offered either Dichantium hay (control diet, Dh) or cut chopped leaves and pseudo-stems of banana (experimental diet, Blps). They were fed 200—250 g.d−1 of commercial concentrate. Lambs were slaughtered according to 3 classes of slaughter weight (SW): SW20, SW23 and SW26. Growth
and carcass performances of both groups were not significantly different, 77 vs. 81 g.d−1 and 42% vs. 43% hot carcass yield, for Dh vs. Blps, respectively. There was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease (31.0 vs. 29.7%)
for the dry matter content of the shoulder for lambs fed the banana diet. However, there was no effect observed for the other
chemical component (CP, lipid and mineral 585, 317 and 95 g.kg−1DM, respectively). The shoulder (20% of the carcass whatever the SW) was precocious as demonstrated by the allometry coefficient
relative to carcass weight (0.894) significantly (P < 0.01) less than 1. It was concluded that, the use of Blps had no significant
effect on growth, carcass weights and yields of the OMK lambs, irrespective of the class of the slaughter weight. From these
initial results, the use of banana foliages and pseudo-stems could be recommended as sources of forages. 相似文献
10.
In order to verify the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics and to investigate the changes in some
meat quality traits of Karayaka lambs weaned at 3 months of age, 39 lambs (23 males and 16 females) were used as experimental
animals. The lambs were fed a concentrate mixture and alfalfa hay (120 and 168 g crude protein and 2,700 and 1,951 ME/kg,
respectively) for a period of 60 days of fattening period. Male lambs were superior (p < 0.05) to female lambs in terms of daily weight gain (270.4 vs. 205.4 g; SEM = 9.46), hot and cold carcass weights (16.7
and 16.0 vs. 14.1 and 13.4 kg, respectively; SEM = 0.35), intra-muscular fat ratios (1.9% vs. 2.5%; SEM = 0.12) and dripping
loss of semitendinosus muscle 3 days postmortem (8.1% vs. 10.2%; SEM = 0.36). The relative weights of some organs, the meat
quality traits (pH, cooking loss, shear force, CIELab colour characteristics) and proximate analyses (dry matter, protein
and ash) of longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscle samples from lambs were not affected by sex (p > 0.05). Dripping loss, pH and colour characteristics were affected by storage time (p < 0.05). These results provide a basic understanding of performance and meat quality of Karayaka sheep which may have potentials
in improving sheep production using an indigenous sheep breed in Turkey. 相似文献
11.
Obeidat BS Awawdeh MS Titi HH AbuGhazaleh AA Al-Lataifeh FA Alawneh IA Abu Ishmais MA Qudsieh RI Subih HS 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1211-1217
Twenty nursing Awassi ewes (BW = 50 ± 2.35 kg, age = 4.5 ± 1.2 years) with their lambs were used to evaluate the effects of
feeding calcium salts in lactation diets on performance and pre-weaning growth of their lambs. Treatments were 0% calcium
salts (CON) or 5% calcium salts (FAT). At the end of the study, a digestibility experiment was performed. Milk yield was greater
(P < 0.05) for ewes fed the FAT diet than the CON diet. Milk composition was similar (P > 0.05) between diets. However, milk energy value (kcal/day) tended to be greater (P = 0.07) for the FAT diet than the CON diet. Concentrations of milk C18:1c9 and C20:0 were greater (P < 0.05) in ewes fed the FAT diet than the CON diet. However, concentration of trans-10, cis-12 CLA was lower (P = 0.05) in the FAT diet than in the CON diet. No differences in feed intake and body weight change were detected between
diets. Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent
fiber were similar (P > 0.05) for diets. For lambs, weaning weight was not affected by treatments. However, average daily gain and total gain were
greater (P = 0.053) for the FAT diet than the CON diet. Results suggest that supplementing lactating ewes with calcium salts at the
beginning of lactation phase improves daily milk yield of ewes and pre-weaning growth of their lambs with no major negative
impact on feed intake and digestibility. 相似文献
12.
Hamed A. A. Omer Soha S. Abdel-Magid Sawsan M. Ahmed Mamdouh I. Mohamed I. M. Awadalla 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1195-1202
Twenty-one male growing lambs aged 6 months with an average weight 27.6 ± 0.24 kg were used to determine the effects of partial
replacing yellow corn with potato processing waste (PPW) on performance of Ossimi lambs. Animals divided into three equal
groups and assigned for control and two experimental diets containing PPW which was replaced from yellow corn at 0% PPW (R1), 25% PPW (R2), and 50% PPW (R3). The results showed that tested rations were almost isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Dietary treatments had no significant
effect on feed intake, while water intake insignificantly decreased. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter,
and crude protein significantly (P < 0.05) improved. However, dietary treatment had no significant effect on crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract digestibilities.
Values of total digestible nutrient and digestible crude protein significantly (P < 0.05) increased. Nitrogen retention was positive for all groups. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on ruminal
pH but insignificantly decreased ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentrations. However, total volatile fatty acid concentration was increased. Dietary treatments increased molar proportion
of volatile fatty acids. Final weight, body weight gain, and average daily gain were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, while feed conversion ratio insignificantly decreased. Inclusion of PPW decreased total daily feeding
costs of experimental rations. PPW could be used as a source of energy in lamb rations instead of corn grain. Also, PPW can
be successfully fed to lamb without any adverse effect on their performance, and it can be an economical substitute for grain. 相似文献
13.
Marjorrie A. Souza Edenio Detmann Mário F. Paulino Cláudia B. Sampaio Ísis Lazzarini Sebastião C. Valadares Filho 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1299-1310
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of nitrogenous compounds and/or starch supplementation on the intake,
digestibility and rumen dynamics of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage. Four crossbred
heifers (Holstein × Zebu) with a body weight 231.9 ± 15.5 kg and fitted with ruminal cannulae were used. The forage fed to
the animals consisted of low-quality signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) hay, with an average crude protein (CP) level of 51.6 g/kg, on a dry matter (DM) basis. Four treatments were evaluated:
control, without supplementation; supplementation with nitrogenous compounds (CP of the roughage was raised to 100 g/kg),
on a DM basis; supplementation with starch at a ratio of 200 g/kg DM of roughage; and supplementation with nitrogenous compounds
and starch as described above. A mixture of urea, ammonium sulphate and albumin was used as a source of nitrogenous compounds
at a ratio of 4.5:0.5:1.0. The experiment was carried out according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement.
There was a positive effect of the nitrogenous compound supplementation on the DM and NDF intake (P < 0.01). In contrast, starch supplementation decreased forage intake (P < 0.10). Nitrogen supplementation increased the digestibility coefficient of DM and NDF (P < 0.05). Supplementation with nitrogen and starch together increased the microbial assimilation of nitrogenous compounds
in the rumen (P < 0.05). We observed that nitrogen supplementation increased the estimated weighted degradation rate of NDF by 14.8%, whilst
starch supplementation decreased this rate by 32.5%. 相似文献
14.
Wondwosen Alemu Solomon Melaku Adugna Tolera 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(4):623-631
A digestibility, feed intake, and carcass evaluation experiment using 20 yearling intact male Sidama goats weighing 16.4 ± 0.63 kg
(mean ± SD) was conducted in Ethiopia with the objectives to determine feed intake, digestibility, body weight (BW) gain,
and carcass parameters. The treatments included feeding natural pasture hay (T1, control) and supplementation with cottonseed
cake (284 g—T2), linseed cake (250 g—T3), and noug seed cake (296 g—T4) on dry matter (DM) basis to supply 85 g crude protein
(CP) per head per day. Randomized complete block design for feed intake and BW parameters and complete randomized design for
digestibility and carcass parameters were used. Hay DM intake was higher (P < 0.01) for T1 than for the other treatments. T3 promoted higher (P < 0.01) DM (29.3 g/kg W0.75/day) and CP (14.1 g/kg W0.75/day) intake than T4 (8.9 g/kg W0.75/day DM and 4.1 g/kg W0.75/day CP). T3 showed better (P < 0.05) organic matter and CP digestibility than T2. Goats in T3 had higher nitrogen intake (P < 0.01) and retention (P < 0.05) than those in T1. Goats in T2 and T3 showed higher (P < 0.05) daily BW gain and final BW than those in T4 and T1. Goats in T2 and T3 had higher (P < 0.05) slaughter weight, empty BW, hot carcass weight, rib-eye muscle area, and dressing percentage on slaughter weight
basis than those in T1. The results showed that T2 and T3 had similar effect on CP intake, daily BW gain, and carcass parameters
for growing Sidama goats fed natural pasture hay. 相似文献
15.
Thirty yearling male intact Arsi-Bale sheep with initial body weight (BW) of 15.5 ± 0.21 kg (mean ± SD) were used in 90 days
feeding trial, 10 days digestibility trial followed by evaluation of carcass parameters at Bokoji, Ethiopia. The objectives
were to evaluate effects of supplementation with linseed (Linum usitatissimum) cake (LSC), wheat bran (WB), and their mixtures at 2:1 and 1:2, respectively on feed intake, digestibility, daily BW gain,
and carcass parameters. The five treatments included ad libitum feeding of natural pasture hay (control) and with daily supplementation
of 300 g dry matter (DM) sole LSC, 2LSC:1WB mix, 1LSC:2WB mix, and sole WB. Six sheep were randomly assigned to each treatment
using randomized complete-block design. Four sheep in each treatment were randomly selected and used for determination of
digestibility and carcass characteristics using a completely randomized design. The intake of hay DM was higher (P < 0.001) for the non-supplemented sheep compared with the supplemented ones, but the contrary was true for total DM intake.
Sheep in the control treatment lost BW (−1.5 g/day), while the supplemented ones gained 69.0–104.1 g BW/head/day. Digestibility
of CP was higher (P < 0.001) for supplemented sheep as a result of higher (P < 0.001) CP intake. Slaughter weight, empty BW, and hot carcass weight were lower (P < 0.001) for sheep in the control treatment compared with the rest. Sheep supplemented with LSC and its mixtures with WB
had better (P < 0.001) performance in daily BW gain than sole WB supplemented ones indicating the advantages of using supplements as mixed
rations. Moreover, supplementation proved to be profitable, whereas feeding hay alone led to economic loss. 相似文献
16.
Aderinboye RY Onwuka CF Arigbede OM Oduguwa OO Aina AB 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(5):1079-1087
This experiment investigated the effect of dietary monensin on performance, nutrient utilisation, rumen volatile fatty acid
and blood status in West African dwarf (WAD) goats fed with basal diets of forages. Four concentrate supplements were formulated
to include 0 (MO), 15 (M15), 30 (M30) and 45 (M45) mg monensin/kg dry matter. Twenty-four WAD bucks (7.3 ± 1.20 kg initial
body weight, aged 9–12 months) were randomly allotted to four experimental diets in a completely randomised design for 90 days,
six animals per diet. Results indicated that animals fed M15, M30 and M45 diets had lower (P < 0.01) dry matter and water intake than those fed M0 diet. Crude protein and neutral detergent fibre intakes by the bucks
followed similar trend. Animals on M15, M30 and M45 had better (P < 0.001) feed and protein efficiency ratio than those fed M0 diet. Rumen pH and total volatile fatty acid concentration were
maintained (P > 0.05) while monensin decreased (P < 0.001) acetate/propionate ratio. Blood glucose increased (P < 0.001) from 59.1 mg/dl in animals on M0 diet to 67.8, 66.0 and 66.3 mg/dl in animals on M15, M30 and M45 diets. Overall,
there were no variations among animals on M15, M30 and M45 diets. It is concluded that feeding monensin at 15 to 45 mg/kg
DM of supplemental concentrate diets to West African dwarf bucks could be effective in improving feed and protein efficiency,
manipulating the rumen for increased propionate production and increasing blood glucose levels. 相似文献
17.
García-Galván A Belmar-Casso R Sarmiento-Franco L Sandoval-Castro CA 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):843-847
Whole pod and seeds of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) were included in diets for growing sheep used to validate previously estimated ME values of 9.7 MJ and 12.6 MJ for whole
pod and seed respectively. Twenty-four lambs, 15 females and nine males of 18.7 ± 2.4 kg average weight, were allocated in
three treatments using a completely randomized block design with eight replicates per treatment. Each group was given a diet
with a ratio of 60% of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 40% of a supplement with the addition of 0%, 50% whole pod or 66% of M. pruriens seeds, for TI, TII and TIII respectively. Diets were formulated to meet the requirements for 100-g daily live weight gain
(LWG). The total dry matter intake (836 g a−1 d−1, forage + supplement), LWG (90 g a−1 d−1) and feed conversion (9.66 kg DM/kg LWG) of lambs from TIII were lower (P < 0.05) compared to 941 g, 121 g, and 7.78 kg DM/kg LWG from TII and 976 g, 132 g and 7.50 kg DM/kg LWG from TI respectively.
No difference was found (P > 0.05) between TI and TII in the three evaluated variables. The ME values of whole pod and seeds of M. pruriens used in this work were validated. It was concluded that M. pruriens can be included as a component in diets for growing sheep, as a partial replacement of conventional feedstuffs. 相似文献
18.
The study investigated the effect of supplementation of a basal diet of Eleucine coracana (finger millet) straw with different protein sources mixed with wheat bran on feed utilisation in Ethiopian Highland lambs.
Twenty yearling intact male lambs (14.9 ± 0.30 kg; mean ± SD) were used in a randomised complete block design. Dietary treatments
included a basal diet of E. coracana straw ad libitum (T1); basal diet supplemented with a mixture of 222 g noug seed (Guizotia abyssinica) cake (NSC) and 78 g wheat bran (WB) (T2); basal diet with a mixture of 234 g cotton seedcake (CSC) and 66 g WB (T3); and
basal diet with a mixture of 5.4 g urea (U) and 294.6 g WB (T4). The supplements were offered at the daily rate of 300 g dry
matter (DM) per lamb in two equal portions at 0800 and 1600 hours. Supplementation of Ethiopian Highland lambs on E. coracana straw basal diet with varied protein sources increased (P < 0.01) the total DM, OM and CP intake and improved (P < 0.01) the daily body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency. Lambs in T2, T3 and T4 gained weight at the rate of 22.7,
21.9 and 14.1 g/day, respectively, while lambs on the control diet lost weight at a rate of −24.9 g/day. Supplementation also
improved (P < 0.01) the digestibility of DM, OM, CP and NDF of the total diet. It was concluded that supplementation of E. coracana straw with NSC, CSC and U mixed with WB improves feed utilisation, body weight gain and digestibility in Ethiopian Highland
lambs. 相似文献
19.
Sampaio Claudia B. Detmann Edenio Paulino Mario F. Valadares Filho Sebastiao C. de Souza Marjorrie A. Lazzarini Isis Rodrigues Paulino Pedro V. de Queiroz Augusto C. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(7):1471-1479
The effects of supplementation with nitrogenous compounds on intake, digestibility, and microbial protein synthesis in cattle
fed low-quality tropical forage were assessed. Five rumen fistulated crossbred Holstein × Gir heifers were used, with initial
average live weight of 180 ± 21 kg. Signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) hay (48.6 g kg−1 of crude protein (CP), on a dry matter (DM) basis) was used as roughage. Five treatments were defined according to nitrogen
supplementation level (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 g of CP kg−1 above the CP level of the hay). A mixture of urea, ammonium sulfate, and albumin at the ratios of 4.5:0.5:1.0, respectively,
was used as nitrogen source. The experiment consisted of five experimental periods, according to a 5 × 5 Latin square design.
The average CP contents in the diets were 51.9, 71.1, 86.0, 116.7, and 130.2 g kg−1, on a DM basis. A quadratic effect was detected (P < 0.10) of the CP levels in the diets on DM and neutral detergent fiber intake (kg/day), with maximum response at the levels
of 102.4 and 100.5 g CP kg−1 DM, respectively. The average daily concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen showed increasing linear pattern (P < 0.01) as function of CP levels in the diet, with estimated value of 9.64 mg dL−1 equivalent to the maximum DM intake. Microbial nitrogen flow in the intestine was linearly and positively related (P < 0.01) with the CP levels in the diet. 相似文献
20.
James Madzimure Carmen Musimurimwa Eliton Chivandi Lovemore Gwiriri Eddison Mamhare 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):77-82
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially substituting cottonseed cake with graded levels of baobab
(Adansonia digitata L.) seed cake (BSC) on milk yield and quality in Guernsey cows. Sixteen cows in mid-lactation and in their third parity were
allocated to diets containing 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 15% BSC in a completely randomized design. Each cow was given a daily
feed ration of 6 kg and a basal diet of soya bean stover ad libitum. There were no differences in daily feed intake (P > 0.05), but basal intake differed among all treatment groups with cows on the control diet having the highest intake (30 ± 0.34 kg/day).
Mean daily milk yield differed (P < 0.05) among all treatment groups. However, the control had higher milk yield of 12.1 ± 0.73 kg/day, and the 15% BSC had
the least yield of 7.46 ± 0.73 kg/day. Cows on the control diet had higher milk butterfat content (6.12%; P < 0.05) than those on the BSC-based diets. Protein content differed (P < 0.05) across all treatment groups with cows on 15% BSC producing the highest protein content (3.43%) while the control
had the least (2.6%). The concentration of milk total solids for cows fed on 15% BSC was higher (P < 0.05) than that from cows on other diets. Lactose content was not affected by the diets (P > 0.05). These results indicate that BSC can substitute soya bean cake in dairy diets, but milk production and butterfat
content are compromised. 相似文献