Tomato leafminer – Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera,Gelechiidae) – current status in Montenegro

Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta was detected for the first time in Montenegro using pheromone traps in the middle of July 2010, in greenhouses in one location at the Montenegrin sea coast. In the period from the end of July to the first week of August, moths were captured in pheromone traps from other locations along the sea coast and surroundings of the city of Podgorica. According to the survey carried out by the authors from July to September 2010, T. absoluta was present in greenhouses in all tomato‐producing areas, while outdoors it was found only in the coastal area. Monitoring of T. absoluta continued in 2011. Pheromone traps were set up in five locations in the main tomato‐producing areas, both in greenhouses and outdoors, between 4 and 15 May. The first captured moths were detected after 7–15 days in all inspected locations, and captures continued until the end of September. According to the number of captured moths and the damage observed, it can be concluded that the population level in 2011 was lower in comparison with 2010, when up to 100% losses were detected in tomato crops in several locations. In 2011, tomato producers were already being informed about the pest and means of control, so most of them applied cultural and chemical control measures.     

Effect of host plants on developmental and population parameters of invasive leafminer, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tuta absoluta</Emphasis> (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most serious pests of tomato, capable of causing 100% crop losses under favourable conditions. We studied the effect of different host plants on developmental and population parameters of this pest at 25?±?0.5 °C temperature, 70?±?5% relative humidity and 12 L: 12D photoperiod. Host plant had significant effect on the developmental biology and the population growth parameters of the pest. The leafminer developed fastest on tomato leaves and slowest on potato tubers. Population growth parameters like intrinsic rate of increase, net reproductive rate, finite rate of increase, doubling time and weekly multiplication rate of T. absoluta were highest on tomato leaves and lowest on potato tubers. Mean generation time was minimum on tomato leaves and maximum on potato tubers. Females developed on tomato leaves were more fecund than other hosts. Though, tomato was found to be the most suitable host plant of T. absoluta, yet, the pest developed and grew successfully on other alternate hosts like potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) and pepino (Solanum muricatum Aiton). These hosts can, therefore, play an important role in the survival, population build up and overwintering of the miner. Further, under favourable conditions the miner can become a serious pest on these crops and need to be monitored on these crops as well.     

PM 3/83 (1) Fragaria plants for planting – inspection of places of production

Specific scope

This Standard describes the procedure for inspection of places of production of Fragaria plants for planting. The Standard includes relevant sampling procedures. The Standard focuses on pests of concern for the EPPO region which are present in the EPPO region. The purposes of a place of production inspection may be for export or for internal ‘within country’ use. Alternatively, inspection may be carried out as part of a national survey for monitoring or to determine country or area freedom for specified pests. The Standard also provides guidance which may be relevant to exports to non‐EPPO countries, in which case the pest lists and requirements for the importing country should be consulted. A procedure for inspecting imported plants from outside the EPPO region is covered in EPPO Standard PM 3/73 Consignment inspection of Fragaria plants for planting (EPPO, 2008).

Specific approval

This Standard was first approved in 2017‐09.     

Correction: Pestic. Sci. 53, 201–208 (1998)

In the paper ‘Proinsecticides effective against insecticide-resistant peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)),’ by D. Hedley et al., in Table 3 the units of both columns headed LC₅₀ should be (mg litre⁻¹)     

PM 9/9(1): Heracleum mantegazzianum,H. sosnowskyi and H. persicum

Specific scope

This standard describes national regulatory control systems for Heracleum mantegazzianum, Heracleum sosnowskyi and Heracleum persicum. In the text the three species are referred to as Heracleum spp. in order to reduce repetitions.

Specific approval and amendment

First approved in 2009–09.

     

Improving the prevention of alien plant invasion in the EPPO region: the need to focus on highly invasive plants with (still) limited distribution – examples from Israel

Prevention (of invasion) is the most efficient strategy to control invasive alien plants (IAPs). This requires that potentially invasive plant taxa not yet introduced into regions where they could become invasive are identified as early as possible. Therefore, alongside the best known and already widespread IAPs it is crucial to highlight highly invasive plant taxa whose distribution is still limited. It becomes even more important to consider those taxa when some are recommended as ornamental/useful species outside their native range. This paper provides six examples of IAPs whose invasiveness has been established but which are still restricted to a single EPPO country (Israel). While horizon‐scanning studies have produced valuable alert lists, mainly for temperate Europe, EPPO pest risk analyses have focused on IAPs that are widespread outside the EPPO region. Therefore it is suggested that more attention is given to IAPs that pose a threat to Mediterranean, semiarid and arid areas within the EPPO region but that so far have remained largely unnoticed because of their present limited distribution. Awareness of these species must be urgently raised before they spread to new EPPO countries. The elaboration of a database compiling information about IAPs characterized by a restricted distribution in each EPPO country is discussed. The examples presented in this paper are most relevant to EPPO countries with a dry (Mediterranean, semiarid and arid) climate.     

Enantioselective catalysis for agrochemicals: synthetic routes to (S)-metolachlor, (R)-metalaxyl and (αS,3R)-clozylacon

The application of enantioselective catalytic methods for the technical preparation of chiral agrochemicals is illustrated for three active ingredients of the acylanilide type. The key step for the technical synthesis of the herbicide (S)-metolachlor is the enantioselective hydrogenation of an imine intermediate using a novel iridium ferrocenyldiphosphine catalyst with an unprecedented high activity and 80% ee. (R)-metalaxyl and (αS,3R)-clozylacon were synthesized via the enantioselective hydrogenation of corre-sponding enamide precursors with Rh and Ru/binap catalysts with >95% and 99% enantiomeric purity, respectively. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

M. Ichinari,M. Masuko,H. Takenaka,R. Hasegawa,T. Ichiba,Y. Hayase and R. Takeda, ‘Structure and fungicidal activities of methoxyiminophenylacetamide derivatives’. Pesticide Science 55(3) 1999, 347–349

The original article to which this Correction refers was published in Pesticide Science 55 (3) 1999, 347–349. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

L‐P Molleyres,A Rindlisbacher,T Winkler and V Kumar,Insecticidal natural products: new rocglamide derivatives from Aglaia roxburghiana. Pesticide Science 55(4) 494–497 (1999)

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Pesticide Science 55 (4) 494–497 (1999)     

PM 4/35(1): Soil test for virus–vector nematodes in the framework of EPPO Standard PM 4 Schemes for the production of healthy plants for planting of fruit crops,grapevine, Populus and Salix

Specific scope

This standard describes the sampling and testing of soil in which propagation and certified stocks of the following crops are to be planted: PM 4/8 (Vitis spp.), PM 4/9 (Ribes spp.), PM 4/10 (Rubus spp.), PM 4/11 (Fragaria x ananassa), PM 4/16 (Humulus lupulus), PM 4/29 (Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus and their rootstocks), PM 4/30 (Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Prunus salicina and their rootstocks), PM 4/17 (Olea europea), PM 4/32 (Sambuscus spp.), PM 4/33 (Populus spp. and Salix spp.).

Specific approval and amendment

First approved in 2009‐09.

     

Validation of a real‐time PCR for the quantitative estimation of the G143A mutation in the cytochrome bc1 gene of Pyrenophora teres Arash Kianianmomeni,Gerhard Schwarz,Friedrich G Felsenstein and Gerhard Wenzel. Pest Management Science, 2007; 63: 219–224

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Pest Management Science 63 (3): 219–224