配施有机肥对烤烟若干生理代谢的影响

通过黄泥田土盆栽试验研究了烤烟配施五种有机肥料对烟株旺长初期若干生理代谢的影响,结果表明：配施五种有机肥的烟叶NR活性均随有机氮比例增加而提高;配施鸡粪和稻草的烟叶光合色素含量随有机氮比例增加而增加,而饼肥、牛粪和猪粪则相反;配施鸡粪、饼肥和稻草的烟叶游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质含量随有机氮比例增加而增加,而牛粪和猪粪则相反;配施鸡粪、饼肥和牛粪的烟叶可溶性总糖含量随有机氮比例增加而增加,而猪粪和稻草则相反。     

牛粪生物质炭基肥对青稞生长、产量及氮素利用的影响

为探讨不同配比的生物质炭基肥料对青稞生长、产量和氮素利用的影响。以牛粪为研究对象,在限氧条件下经高温热解炭化制成生物炭,将生物质炭与一定比例的化学肥料混合,制成生物质炭基肥料。研究表明,随着碳化的进行,牛粪中的全氮和有机质（有机碳）含量降低,材料的碳氮比也随之降低,而全磷、全钾的含量升高;增施牛粪生物炭,青稞叶片中叶绿素含量升高,促进作物对肥料中养分的利用,进而利于青稞生长,草木灰与化肥配施的叶片叶绿素含量最高;不同处理籽粒产量之间的差异达到极显著;化肥施入量减少至70%,牛粪生物炭施入量30%时,籽粒产量最高,达到4830.75 kg/hm²,高于有机肥、草木灰与化肥配施和羊粪的处理（较对照增产13.88%）;22500 kg/hm²羊粪处理的秸秆产量最高;同等氮输入条件下,减少化肥施用量,增加生物炭,可以提高氮素利用效率。     

Yields and N uptake of barley and ryegrass from soils with added animal manure differing in straw and urine content

Four types of cattle manure were prepared by mixing faeces with different ratios of urine + straw, one manure being faeces without straw and urine. Following 3 to 6 months of storage, the manures were applied in spring or autumn to a sandy loam and a coarse sand in amounts corresponding to 120 kg N ha⁻¹. Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) undersown with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were used as test crops. Barley was harvested at maturity and the wintering ryegrass was cut three times in the second year. Additional mineral N in the form of ¹⁵N-labelled mineral fertilizer (50 kg N ha⁻¹) was added to all barley plots at planting in spring. Non-manured plots receiving only the ¹⁵N-labelled mineral fertilizer were included. Faeces without urine + straw contained more NH₄-N than the other manures and spring incorporation of this manure gave the highest dry matter yield and N uptake of the barley. When faeces without urine + straw was applied in autumn, the yield and N uptake were increased only on the sandy loam. On the coarse sand, the NH₄-N was probably leached as NO₃-N during the winter. The three manures with urine + straw did not affect barley grain yield or total N uptake. Thus these manures did not mineralize nor immobilize measurable quantities of N in the first growth period. On the sandy loam, the patterns of N uptake in ryegrass indicated an increased availability of manure N during the second growth period. The availability of N from the ¹⁵NH₄¹⁵NO₃ was similar in all plots when manures were applied in spring. Less ¹⁵N was taken up by the spring barley when manure was added in autumn compared with crops given ¹⁵NH₄¹⁵NO₃ only. Thus short-term effects of N in cattle faeces stored with or without straw + urine are low. For soils low in mineral N such manures may potentially reduce crop N uptake.     

有机肥替代化肥对水稻产量、土壤肥力及农田氮磷流失的影响

采用田间小区试验,研究不同种类有机肥替代化肥比例对水稻产量、土壤肥力及农田径流氮、磷流失的影响。研究结果表明：50%猪粪有机肥替代化肥处理水稻产量最高,可达10 439.66kg/hm ²,100%、30%、50%有机肥替代化肥处理水稻产量呈依次增加趋势,且猪粪有机肥替代化肥各处理水稻产量均高于秸秆有机肥替代化肥处理;有机肥能有效提高土壤肥力,100%有机肥替代化肥处理土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量最高;单施化肥处理总氮（TN）流失量和流失率最高,分别为9.43kg/hm ²和4.91%,随着有机肥施用比例的增加,稻季农田径流TN流失量和流失率逐渐下降,50%和30%有机肥替代化肥处理TN流失量和流失率较100%有机肥处理显著升高,但猪粪和秸秆有机肥替代化肥处理间差异不显著;100%秸秆和猪粪有机肥处理总磷（TP）流失量和流失率最高,TP流失量分别为1.815、1.732kg/hm ²,TP流失率分别为1.08%、1.02%,50%和30%有机肥替代化肥处理TP流失量逐渐下降,秸秆有机肥替代化肥处理TP流失量和流失率均高于猪粪有机肥替代化肥处理,且有显著性差异。50%猪粪有机肥替代化肥处理在兼顾水稻高产稳产的同时,能够有效降低稻季农田氮素径流流失量和流失率,且维持较低水平的磷素径流流失量和流失率,是一种适宜的资源有效利用、节肥增效的有机肥替代化肥措施。     

有机肥料对铅污染土壤铅形态及生物有效性影响研究

为了探索不同的有机肥料对降低重金属污染土壤Pb毒性的原理和效果;运用重金属污染土壤盆栽添加3种有机肥料的试验方法,分析盆栽土壤中重金属Pb的5种形态;除有机肥料牛粪对Pb的铁锰氧化结合态无显著影响、对Pb的残渣态有显著影响外,有机肥料牛粪对Pb的离子交换态、碳酸盐结合态、有机硫化物结合态有极显著影响,有机肥料猪粪、鸡粪对重金属Pb的5种形态有极显著影响。适量有机肥可降低重金属Pb离子交换态量、碳酸盐结合态和生物活性,增加铁锰氧化物结合态、有机硫化物结合态和残渣态。3种有机肥对降低重金属污染土壤Pb毒性的效果为鸡粪＞牛粪＞猪粪。有机肥料显著改变了污染土壤中Pb的形态,降低了Pb的生物活性,有机肥料是重金属污染土壤有效的改良剂。     

Application of pig slurry—First year and residual effects on yield and N balance

Crops generally utilize nitrogen (N) from slurries less efficiently than from mineral fertilizers. In order to compare the effects of slurry and mineral N application on yield and residual fertilization effects, a long-term field trial was established in autumn 1994, where pig slurry was applied to oilseed rape (OSR), winter wheat and winter barley at the same application dates as mineral N fertilizer. N amounts ranged from 0 to 240 kg total N ha⁻¹. The same treatment regimes were applied to the same plots in each year. Starting in 2010 (2011), wheat (barley) received no N fertilization in order to allow for testing residual fertilizer effects. Every year seed yield and N offtake by the seeds were determined.Accounting only for ammonia N of pig slurry, similar seed yields in OSR and slightly higher grain yields in wheat and barley compared to mineral N fertilizer were achieved. This indicates that mineralization of organically bounded slurry N compensated gaseous ammonia losses. In plots without N fertilization, OSR showed no yield trends during the experimental period, whereas wheat (barley) yield started to decrease after 10 (13) years without N fertilization. In the highly fertilized treatments, no significant trend in seed yield or N amount required for maximum yield could be detected. In the subsequent unfertilized wheat crop, accumulated slurry effects increased grain yield more than those of mineral N fertilizer. Barley grown in the second year without N supply remained unaffected by the previous slurry N application.     

烟草常用有机肥主要成分分析及质量评价研究

为对烟田常用有机肥质量评价和合理使用有机肥料提供科学依据,对烟草常用有机肥主要成分进行分析,将有机肥分类并进行质量评价,有机肥主成分主要为碳因子、氮因子及磷因子。5类有机肥划分为4个质量等级：1级豆饼,氮、磷、有机质含量及有机营养物质含量均较高;2级黑麦草、甘薯藤,氮含量中等,有机质及有机营养物质含量高;3级猪粪、鸡粪,氮、磷含量高,有机营养物质含量低;4级牛粪、麦秸秆、玉米秸等,氮、磷、有机质及有机营养物质含量均不丰富。烟草生产实践中应根据土壤实际条件合理施用各类有机肥。     

Soil organic matter dynamics and losses in manured maize-based forage systems

Soil organic matter (SOM) produces positive effects on multiple soil properties. Increasing its level also provides an opportunity to reduce atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Recycling animal manure and returning crop residue are among the main practices to enhance organic carbon (C) stock in arable croplands. This study analysed data of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks from a medium-term field trial (established in 1992) through a Hénin–Dupuis-based equation to determine the proportion of different organic materials retained in the soil as SOM.The treatments included in the experiment simulated different typical management techniques and implied the application to the soil of various organic materials, i.e. cattle slurry, cattle farmyard manure, maize straw, root, maize and ley stubble. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen (N) (Kjeldhal N) were measured in the 0–30 cm layer during spring 1999 and spring 2003. The relationship between SOC and N stocks measured in 1999 and 2003 and the annual additions of C and N was described by the Hénin–Dupuis-based equation, assuming the presence of two C and N pools (stable and fresh).Our results showed that the application of farmyard manure, slurry and maize straw induced higher C and N content compared to the application of urea without return of crop residue. The different levels of urea application did not produce any significant difference in C and N soil content.We found that approximately 2% of SOC is lost to the atmosphere annually. Furthermore, the amount of C and N retained in the soil each year varied by organic materials: 46% C and 44% N with farmyard manure, 26% C and 11% N with slurry, 28% C and 10% N with root and 6% C with maize straw and ley stubble.These results were used to inform an estimate of C lost or removed to/from atmosphere following manure application and crop residue return for the compilation of greenhouse gas inventories. We found that the most C conservative management is the production and spreading of farmyard manure and that increasing amounts of mineral N fertilizer did not affect the C sequestration extent.     

Plant-availability to barley of phosphorus in ash from thermally treated animal manure in comparison to other manure based materials and commercial fertilizer

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient and a limited resource, yet excess P is applied to agricultural land and can cause environmental problems in areas with intensive animal farming. In this study, the fertilizing effects of P in several animal manure-based products (including thermal treatment) were tested after application to two agricultural soil types (Jyndevad soil: clay 5.1%, silt 4.1%, sand 88.9%, organic matter 2.1%, total C 1.2% soil dry matter (DM), total P 266 mg kg⁻¹ soil DM, pH 6.3; Rønhave soil: clay 15.4%, silt 32.6%, sand 49.6%, organic matter 2.3%, Total C 1.3% soil DM, total P 488 mg kg⁻¹ soil DM, pH 6.6). The first-year effect of P application was tested in a spring barley crop (Hordeum vulgare L.) and residual P effects were tested in a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) crop the following year. Untreated ash from thermally gasified animal manure biogas residue (GA) and a corresponding neutralized acid extract of the ash (ExL) in liquid form were the products in focus. Other products in use were: pelletized pig manure biogas residue (PEL), incinerated PEL (IA), anaerobically digested pig slurry (DS), dried ExL, dried fraction of separated pig slurry (SS), thermally gasified SS (GAs), thermally gasified poultry manure (GAp), crushed triple super phosphate (TSP) and disodium phosphate (DSP) was used as reference P fertilizer. For application of 20 kg P ha⁻¹ mineral P fertilizer replacement value (RV) in the second year in the sandy soil was 76% and 99% for GA, 79% and 123% for IA, 95% and 155% for PEL, 94% and 73% for ExL, 55% and 15% for ExD, 64% and 82% for SS, 104% and 109% for DS, 60% and 95% for GAp, 73% and 111% for GAs, where the first value is based on barley DM yield and the second on barley total P uptake. Tripling the GA application rate to 60 kg P ha⁻¹ in both soils had no significant effect on barley DM yield and P uptake. The overall efficiency for liquid fertilizers was much higher than for solid ones and relative effectiveness (RE) of ExL was comparable to RE of DSP. Despite the low P level in soils, the ryegrass crop grew very well on both soils in the second year, and there was no detectable residual effect of the treatments on grass yield and P uptake. In conclusion, untreated ash and solid manures used in this study were not suitable as starter P fertilizer, but could be used to maintain the level of available P in soil, as there were indications that ash/manure P contributed significantly to plant P uptake during the growing season of barley.     

不同有机物料施用对灌漠土春小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响

研究了牛粪、沼渣、污泥、鸡粪、菌渣和猪粪6种有机物料施用对灌漠土春小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响,旨在考察6种有机废弃物农用的可行性。采用大田试验方法,分别将6种有机物料与70%常量化肥配合施用,共设置了8个处理。结果表明,与对照相比,6种有机物料与70%常量化肥配合施用均能提高春小麦的籽粒产量和生物产量。与施用常量化肥的处理相比,菌渣、污泥和鸡粪处理能提高春小麦的氮素利用率;菌渣、沼渣和污泥处理能提高春小麦的磷素利用率。菌渣和污泥处理的钾素利用率要远远高于其他有机物料的处理,分别达到了97.47%和94.75%。不同有机物料输入均能显著提高灌漠土的有机质含量,对土壤全量养分含量的影响均表现不显著,对速效养分含量则能产生不同的影响。     

Effects of 15N Split-application on Soil and Fertiliser N Uptake of Barley, Oilseed Rape and Wheat in Different Cropping Systems

In intensive farming systems, farmers split up and apply the N fertilization to winter cereals and oilseed rape (OSR) at several dates to meet the need of the crop more precisely. Our objective was to determine how prior fertilizer N application as slurry and/or mineral N affects contributions of fertilizer‐ and soil‐derived N to N uptake of barley (1997), oilseed rape (OSR; 1998) and wheat (1999). In addition, residual fertilizer N effects were observed in the subsequent crop. Since autumn 1991, slurry (none, slurry in autumn, in spring, in autumn plus in spring) and mineral N fertilizer (0, 12 and 24 g N m⁻²) were applied annually. Each year, the treatments were located on the same plots. In 1997–1999, the splitting rates of the mineral N fertilization were labelled with ¹⁵N. Non‐fertilizer N uptake was estimated from the total N uptake and the fertilizer ¹⁵N uptake. All three crops utilized the splitting rates differently depending on the time of application. Uptake of N derived from the first N rate applied at the beginning of spring growth was poorer than that from the second splitting rate applied at stem elongation (cereals) or third splitting rate applied at ear emergence or bud formation (all three crops). In contrast, N applied later in the growing season was taken up more quickly, resulting in higher fertilizer N‐use efficiency. Mineral N fertilization of 24 g N m⁻² increased significantly non‐fertilizer N uptake of barley and OSR at most of the sampling dates during the growing season. In cereals, slurry changed the contribution of non‐fertilizer N to the grain N content only if applied in spring, while OSR utilized more autumn slurry N. In OSR and wheat, only small residual effects occurred. The results indicate that 7 years of varying N fertilization did not change the contribution of soil N to crop N uptake.     

施用2种牛粪发酵肥对甜高粱生长量的影响

为探讨牛粪沼液和堆肥对饲用甜高粱(Sorghum bicolor)生长量等指标影响程度,确定种植甜高粱的适宜肥料,通过大区对比试验,观测分析施用牛粪沼液和堆肥的甜高粱株高、茎粗和叶宽的生长率。结果表明,施用牛粪堆肥和沼液的甜高粱株高生长率约为不施肥处理的1.12倍和1.02倍,施牛粪堆肥的甜高粱株高的平均生长率是施用沼液的1.09倍,施沼液的甜高粱株高高度有2个时期大于施用牛粪堆肥的,但是施用牛粪堆肥的甜高粱总株高较大。施用沼液的甜高粱茎粗生长率是对照的2.8倍,是牛粪堆肥的1.87倍。施牛粪堆肥的平均叶宽生长率是沼液的1.09倍,且生长持续时间较长。牛粪堆肥的腐殖酸和全氮量较大,增加了甜高粱株高及叶生长率,适宜做基肥;沼液速效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮的量较大,增加了甜高粱茎粗生长率,能短期促进生长,既可做基肥也可做追肥施用。     

不同种类有机物料对新垦红壤有机碳提升及培肥效果的影响

由荒坡地开垦形成的新垦红壤普遍存在立地条件差、土壤结构不良、保肥保水性差、生产能力低下等诸多问题，提高土壤有机碳被认为是新垦红壤快速熟化的重要途径。为了解不同类型有机物料在促进红壤有机碳提升及培肥效果的差异，选择黄筋泥和红砂土2种新垦土壤，通过室内培养方法比较研究了10种常用有机物料对土壤中各形态有机碳、速效养分及酶活性等的影响。结果表明：不同有机物料中的有机碳的稳定性顺次为：风化煤腐殖酸>50%风化煤腐殖酸+50%猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥>泥炭>猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥>生活垃圾堆肥>沼渣>菌菇棒堆肥>猪粪>鸡粪>水稻秸秆>紫云英；在粘质土壤（黄筋泥）中的稳定性高于砂质土壤（红砂土）。施用风化煤腐殖酸、50%风化煤腐殖酸+50%猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥对提升土壤腐殖质的效果最为显著。有机物施用后残留在新垦园地土壤中的有机碳主要以矿物结合态有机碳存在，游离态有机碳和粗颗粒有机碳占总有机碳的比例较低。施用各类有机物料也可明显提高土壤微生物活性、促进土壤水稳定性团聚体的形成，轻微提高土壤CEC，但效果因有机物料不同有显著的差异。综合评价结果表明，对改良土壤性状效果最佳的是风化煤腐殖酸、50%风化煤腐殖酸+50%猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥、猪粪/水稻秸秆堆肥，菌菇棒堆肥、水稻秸秆和紫云英的效果相对较差。研究建议，在改良新垦低丘红壤时，宜考虑性状不一的多类有机物料混配施用。     

不同施肥方式对鱼腥草生长发育及产量的影响

采用单因子随机区组设计，通过测定鱼腥草株高、分枝数和鲜重，分析了5种肥料对鱼腥草生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明，鱼腥草在种植初期生长较慢，施用有机肥有利于增加鱼腥草生长后期的株高和分枝数，其中以鸭粪和猪粪的作用最明显。施用有机肥对鱼腥草有增产作用，以中等施肥水平鸭粪的鱼腥草产量最高。增施有机肥量对鱼腥草地下部的增产作用高于化肥和常规肥。在鱼腥草人工栽培中，鱼腥草施肥宜选择鸭粪为主，与其它有机肥（人粪尿、猪粪）配合施用，并在植株生长前期和后期辅以少量速效化肥。在施肥水平上，人粪尿、猪粪、鸭粪、施用量依次以108000 kg/hm2，54000 kg/hm2，45000 kg/hm2为宜。     

Agronomic effects of bovine manure: A review of long-term European field experiments

To evaluate the agronomic value of animal manure, we quantified the effects of pedo-climatic, crop and management factors on crop productivity, N use efficiency, and soil organic matter, described with simple indicators that compare manures with mineral fertilizers. We selected 80 European long-term field experiments that used bovine farmyard manure or bovine liquid slurry, alone (FYM and SLU) or combined with mineral fertilizers (FYMm and SLUm), and compared them to mineral fertilizer only reference treatments. We collected 5570 measurements from 107 papers. FYM produced slightly lower crop yields (−9.5%) when used alone and higher (+11.3%) yields when used in combination with N fertilizer (FYMm), compared to those obtained using mineral fertilizers only. Conditions promoting manure-N mineralization (lighter soil texture, warmer temperature, longer growing season, and shallower incorporation depth) significantly increased the effect of FYM/FYMm on crop yield and yield N. The production efficiency of FYM (yield:N applied ratio) was slightly lower than that of mineral fertilizers (-1.6%). The apparent N recoveries of FYM and FYMm were 59.3% and 78.7%, respectively, of mineral fertilizers. Manured soils had significantly higher C (+32.9% on average for FYM and FYMm) and N (+21.5%) concentrations. Compared to mineral fertilizers, yield was reduced by 9.1% with SLU, but not with SLUm. Influencing factors were similar to those of FYM/FYMm. Efficiency indicators indicated SLU (but not SLUm) was less effective than mineral fertilizers. Slurry significantly increased SOC (on average for SLU and SLUm by +17.4%) and soil N (+15.7%) concentrations. In conclusion, compared to mineral N fertilizers, bovine farmyard manure and slurry were slightly less effective on the crop, but determined marked increases to SOC and soil N, and thus, to long-term soil fertility maintenance.     

厩肥、秸秆和绿肥的含钾状况及其对土壤和作物钾素的供应能力

以常用有机肥料牛厩肥、猪厩肥、鸡粪及作物秸秆、油菜绿肥为材料，研究了这些有机物的全钾、速效钾和缓效钾的含量状况，以及它们对土壤钾及作物吸钾的供应能力。结果表明：（１）三种有机烘肥及作物秸秆、绿肥中含钾量为０．８５％～４．５０％，其中有３２．７％～６９．７％为速效态钾，１．７％～２５．０％为缓效态钾；（２）肥料与土壤共同培养１５０ｄ后，约有５０％～８０％的速效态钾和缓效态钾仍以两种形态存在于土壤之中     

秸秆和猪粪施用对樱桃萝卜的效果比较及对土壤性状的影响

摘要：以石灰性潮土为供试土壤,进行盆栽试验,种植两茬樱桃萝卜,研究小麦秸秆和猪粪施用对植株生长、氮磷钾养分吸收和土壤肥力性状的当季效应及其后效。结果表明,秸秆施用显著提高了两茬土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量,对提高了植株中钾含量效果明显,但降低了第一茬植株地上部生物量及植株含氮量。猪粪施用后,两茬植株地上部钾含量显著提高,土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量明显增加。土壤中有效磷含量还维持较高水平,累积后效明显。高量猪粪使用明显促进了第一茬植株生长,提高植株中氮磷钾含量。两茬植株收获后,施用猪粪的土壤pH值下降。中高量秸秆和3种用量猪粪处理的土壤EC值（可溶性盐含量）明显上升。结论认为：猪粪和秸秆施用提高土壤肥力效果明显,并能维持后效,但秸秆有机碳和钾含量较高,施用时注意配施氮磷肥,调节好C/N比。猪粪施用明显增加土壤有效磷含量。     

应用15N研究前作施用有机肥对烤烟氮肥效应的影响

为进一步促进烤烟轮作周期内有机肥和氮肥的合理施用,采用田间微区试验和田间小区试验相结合的方法,应用稳定性同位素15N示踪技术,研究了前作施用有机肥（秸杆、油枯、腐熟猪粪）对烤烟氮肥效应的影响。结果显示：与对照相比,前作施用有机肥可以促进烤烟的生长,影响烤烟对氮肥的利用;有机肥的种类不同,对烟株各部位叶片中的氮含量的影响不同;前作施用油枯和腐熟猪粪后,烟株不同部位的氮来自肥料的比例增加,提高了烤烟对氮肥的利用率;有机肥前作施用可以提高上部叶的可用性,对中部叶的品质有利。试验的结果表明：前作施用油枯和腐熟猪粪较好     

不同来源沼肥对油菜、西芹产量及氮素利用率的影响

利用温室盆栽试验研究鸡粪沼肥（鸡粪沼渣、沼液）和牛粪沼肥（牛粪沼渣、沼液）对油菜、西芹累积总产量及氮素利用率的影响。试验设8个处理：不施肥（CK）,鸡粪沼渣做底肥（JZ）,鸡粪沼渣做底肥、沼液做追肥（JZ+JY）,鸡粪沼液一半做底肥、一半做追肥（JY）,牛粪沼渣做底肥（NZ）,牛粪沼渣做底肥、沼液做追肥（NZ+NY）,牛粪沼液一半做底肥、一半做追肥（NY）,化肥一半做底肥、一半做追肥（HF）,以上处理除空白外均按等氮量施用。试验结果表明,施用鸡粪沼肥比施用牛粪沼肥处理的油菜、西芹累积总产量高,JZ、JZ+JY、JY 3个处理累积总产量分别为71.4、74.0、78.6 g/盆,比NZ、NZ+NY、NY 3个处理分别高26.1%、14.0%、2.5%;在氮素利用率上,鸡粪沼肥也显著高于牛粪沼肥,其中JY处理最高,达到35.4%。这可能和牛粪沼肥比鸡粪沼肥养分释放缓慢,大部分留在土壤中未被利用有关系。     

不同有机物料对土壤基本化学性质及可溶性有机碳氮的影响

通过研究不同有机物料替代对河南潮土化学性质及可溶性有机碳/氮(DOC/N)分布的影响,探讨潮土适宜有机物料替代比例。结果表明:不同有机物料替代较对照明显提高了土壤基本养分的含量。其中,秸秆替代化肥40%处理土壤有机质和土壤碱解氮的含量提高最明显分别达到13.4 g/kg、93.99 mg/kg;牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%~40%显著提升了土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量,分别达到0.90 g/kg、2.94 mg/kg、224.97 mg/kg。秸秆单独替代较牛粪秸秆共同替代对土壤DOC提升效果好,其中秸秆替代化肥40%处理DOC含量最高达到15.45 mg/kg;而牛粪秸秆共同替代则提高了DON,其中牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%处理的DON含量最大,为12.88 mg/kg。牛粪秸秆共同替代化肥30%处理的可溶性有机质的SUVA254 nm最高[16.24 L/(g·cm)],说明此处理有利于富含芳香环结构的有机质物质的积累。综上所述,其中秸秆替代40%和秸秆牛粪共同替代30%~40%对土壤基本肥力提升相对更明显。